Ancient Egypt Egyptian Geography Nile Flows northward Floods

Ancient Egypt

Egyptian Geography • Nile: – Flows northward. – Floods on July. – Recedes in October. • Egypt as the “gift of the Nile. ”

Political Development • 5000 BCE: Early Egyptians live in farming villages in Lower Egypt. • 3100 BCE: Menes unites all of Egypt. – Establishes the capital of Memphis. • 2660 BCE - 2180 BCE: Old Kingdom begins.

Political Development • 2180 BCE: End of Old Kingdom • 2080 - 1640 BCE: Middle Kingdom: – Pharaohs restore order. • 1640 - 1570 BCE: Egypt falls to the Hyksos.

Political Development • 1570 -1090 BCE: New Kingdom. – Hatshepsut – Amenhotep – Tutankhamen • Unprecedented wealth and power.

Economic Development • Old Kingdom: – Slavery and Plantations. – Agriculture. • Middle Kingdom: – Trade with other nations. – Canal from the Nile to the Red Sea. • New Kingdom: – Expanded traded. – Wealth

Technology • Writing: – Hieroglyphics: • Picture stands for an idea. – Papyrus: • Reeds from the Nile. • • • Numbers. Math. Columns. Calendar Medicine

Cultural Development Egypt • Religion: – Polytheistic. – Pharaohs as gods. – Pyramids. • Social Pyramid: – Royal family -> wealthy landowners, government officials, priests, and army commanders -> merchants and artisans -> laborers and farmers -> slaves. • Hieroglyphics • Papyrus • Numbers. • Math. • Columns. • Calendar • Medicine • Pyramids