Ancient China 5 500 miles long WORLD HISTORY

Ancient China 5, 500 miles long WORLD HISTORY I

China Today… Official Name People’s Republic of China Total Area 3, 600, 927 sq. miles Capital Beijing Population (July 2010) 1. 351 Billion Government Communist party-led state • Executive (President, Vice-President, State Council, Premier) • Legislative (unicameral National People’s Congress) • Judicial (Supreme People’s Court, Local People’s Court, Special People’s Court) Language Mandarin & other local dialects Religion Atheism, Daoism, Buddhism, Christian, Muslim Terrain Plains, deltas, and hills in the east; mountains, high plateaus, deserts in west Climate Tropical in south to subarctic in north

China Compared to the U. S. China United States of America POPULATION 1. 351 Billion 313. 9 Million SIZE 3, 600, 927 sq. miles 3, 794, 083 sq. miles ECONOMY GDP (2012) $8. 227 trillion GDP (2012) $15. 68 trillion GDP Growth Rate 7. 7% (2013) GDP Growth Rate 1. 9% (2013) Gross National Income (2012) $16. 08 trillion Gross National Income (2012) $17. 06 trillion

WHI. 4 e, f Classical China was centered on the Huang He (Yellow River) and was geographically isolated. Invaders came from the North JA PA N

Unit 4 Vocabulary—Ancient China 1. Calligraphy 8. Feudalism 2. Civil service 9. Filial piety 3. Confucius 10. Humility 4. Divine right 11. Loess 5. Dynasty 12. Mandate of Heaven 6. Ethics 13. Taoism (Daoism) 7. Facilitate 14. Yin and Yang Use textbook definitions first Look Confucius up in the index…he’s a person The orange words will probably not be in your textbook so use dictionary. com or another source.

Questions Why was the Great Wall of China built? What were the contributions of classical China to world civilization?

Ancient China CHINA Migratory invaders raided Chinese settlements from the North. The Great Wall was built by Qin Shi Huangdi as a line of defense against invasions. (protection)

Rise of Dynasties in China was governed by a succession of ruling families called dynasties. The first Chinese dynasty was the Shang (1766 to 1122 B. C. ) (1 Most of society were peasants who led grueling lives working the fields Ended in a rebellion led by two Zhou warriors who claimed a divine right to rule

China became a feudal state Chinese rulers were considered divine, but they served under a Mandate of Heaven only as their rule was just (fair). Mandate of Heaven—authority granted under heaven to deserving rulers (basis of royal authority)

RAP 3 -Write down 3 specific things you learned about the geography of China. 2 - Write down 2 specific things you learned about the Great Wall. 1 -Write down 1 thing you learned about dynasties in China.

Warring States Period in China

Old dynasty is overthrown; new dynasty emerges Disasters or invasions occur; old dynasty is seen as having lost Mandate of Heaven; rebellion is justified. Strong dynasty establishes peace & prosperity; considered to have Mandate of Heaven. In time, the dynasty becomes corrupt; taxes are raised; power decreases.

Qin Dynasty First emperor of the Qin Dynasty is known as Qin Shi Huangdi Unified China using a harsh system called Legalism to impose order (ended feudalism) Heavy taxes and forced labor Linked existing feudal walls into the Great Wall Standardized weights and measures, produced coins, and built roads

Han Dynasty Eased Legalist policies and lowered taxes Emperor Wudi pursued expansionism Linked China to the West with the Silk Road Confucianism became the official belief system of the state Hired civil servants to work for the government

Exit Ticket 3 -Write down 3 specific things you learned about the dynasties of China. 2 - Write down 2 specific things you learned about Emperor Qin. 1 -Write down 1 thing you didn’t fully understand/want to know more about.

Shang Dynasty The Earliest Dynasty in China. (1766 to 1122 B. C. ) (1 Grueling period of time since many were Peasants. Ended by a rebellion led by 2 Zhou brothers

Zhou Dynasty The Dynasty responsible for creating China into a feudal system. Lasted from 1122 B. C. to 256 B. C. A Mandate of Heaven was created, which granted rulers authority from the gods above.

Silk Road The Silk Roads facilitated trade and contact between China and other cultures as far away as Rome.

Contributions of Classical China Civil Service System Paid govt positions; had to pass written exams; positions based on merit Paper 1 st to create paper and have the moveable type Porcelain Beautiful pottery, dolls, etc. Silk Made from silkworms highly sought after fabric

Contributions of Classical China

Other Contributions Writing: calligraphy (characters) Mathematics: sundial, water clock Science: 365 ¼ days in a solar year Farming: irrigation systems; pumps to control flow of water to fields

Other Contributions Inventions: seismograph, wheelbarrow, umbrella, gunpowder, fireworks, kites, compasses, & wallpaper Medicine: acupuncture; herbal remedies Martial Arts: Tai Chi; Karate; etc.

Dynasties Review 1. Qin 2. Zhou 3. 4. Shang Han a) Expanded trade via the Silk Roads b) China became a feudal state c) Most short-lived dynasty d) The Great Wall was constructed e) Excelled at making items from bronze f) Ended by a rebellion led by two Zhou brothers g) Created the Mandate of Heaven h) Had a civil service i) Ruled by Legalistic policies

Dynasties Review Shang E) Excelled at making items from bronze F) Ended by a rebellion led by 2 Zhou brothers Qin C) Most short-lived dynasty Zhou B) China became a feudal state G) Created the Mandate of Heaven Han A) Expanded trade via the Silk Roads D) Great Wall was constructed H) Had a civil service I) Ruled by Legalistic policies

“What Am I? ” Review I go “boom” I tell people where to go Acupuncture If you want to work for the government, you have to take me Compass If you’re afraid of needles, then I’m not for you Gunpowder/fireworks Civil Service Exam (written exam) I am fine “China” Porcelain

“What Am I? ” Review I am made up of thousands of characters When the sun shines over me, I tell time Wheelbarrow I am the most highly sought after and highly prized contribution of China Sundial I helped remove dead bodies from battlefields Chinese writing/Calligraphy Silk I was used to diffuse all of these products/ideas to the rest of the world Silk Roads

WHI. 4 e, f Chinese Culture began around 1500 B. C. Of Chinese contributions to civilization, Confucianism and Taoism are among the most noted. Why were Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism important in the formation of Chinese culture?

Confucius Says… It is better to light one small candle than to curse the darkness. Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall. Only the wisest and the stupidest of men never change. When we see persons of worth, we should think of equaling them; when we see persons of a contrary character, we should turn inward and examine ourselves. To put the world in order, we must first put the nation in order; to put the nation in order, we must put the family in order; to put the family in order, we must cultivate our personal life; and to cultivate our personal life, we must first set our hearts right.

Contributions of Confucianism Lived during the Zhou Dynasty (warring lords was an issue). Belief that humans are good, not bad Respect for elders (filial piety) Confucius considered this the highest principle Code of politeness, still used in Chinese society today Emphasis on education For good govt and social order Ancestor worship *an ethical system, not a religion*

Confucianism Believed that social order, harmony, and good government could be restored in China if society was organized around 5 basic relationships: 1) ruler and subject 2) father and son 3) husband wife 4) older brother and younger brother 5) friend and friend

Contributions of Taoism (Daoism) Founder: Lao Tzu (Laozi) Dao (universal force) guides all things Humans should: Be Humble (Virtue of Yielding) Have Live a simple life (inner peace) in harmony with nature Views government as unnatural; should govern people as little as possible

Yin/Yang represented opposites for Confucianism and Taoism. Yang Yin

Chinese forms of Buddhism spread throughout Asia.

as ay al m Hi India Mongolia Great Wall Huang He R. China . R e z t g n Ya South China Sea Pacific O. Gobi

Hinduism • • • Buddhism Caste system • Siddhartha Gautama Many forms of one major deity • 4 Noble Truths Reincarnati on • Karma • Vedas & Upanishads • Spread along major • 8 Fold Path to Enlightenm ent • Asoka’s missionarie s spread Buddhism from India Confucianism • Humans are good, not bad • Respect for elders (filial piety) • Code of politeness, • Emphasis on education • Ancestor worship Daoism (Taoism) • Laozi • Dao = universal force guides all things • Be Humble • Simple life & inner peace • Live in harmony with nature