AnatomyMuscular System Skeletal Muscle Characteristics Function Bellwork What
Anatomy-Muscular System Skeletal Muscle Characteristics & Function
Bellwork What is a concentric contraction? n Eccentric contraction? n Isometric contraction? n
Objectives n Students will be able to: n Identify skeletal muscles, their attachments & action
Terminology n Dorsiflexion n Upward bending of the foot n Pulling toes up
Terminology n Plantar Flexion n Downward bending of the foot n Pointing toes Dancers primarily plantarflex
Face Origin n Zygomatic arch n Insertion n Mandible n Action n Closes the jaw n Raises the mandible n
Masseter n The Chewing Muscle! n How would we CONTRACT this muscle?
Neck Muscle n Sternocleidomastoid n n n Sterno – Sternum Cleido – Clavicle Mastoid – Mastoid Process Origin n Sternum (near manubrium) n Clavicle (medial end) Insertion n Mastoid Process
Sternocleidomastoid n Action 1. Bilaterally, Flex Cervical 2. Unilaterally, rotation to opposite side
Abdominals Rectus Abdominis n Origin n Pubis n Insertion n Xiphoid process n Costal cartilage (5 -7) n
Rectus Abdominus n Action n Compresses abdominal cavity n Flexion of trunk
Upper Extremity Muscles n n n Trapezius Origin n Occipital n Spinous process C 7 -T 12 Insertion n Lateral clavicle n Scapular spine
Trapezius n Action n Elevation n Depression n Retraction n Stabilizes scapula Shrugs Upright Row n What exercises could someone do to work their traps? Scap Retraction with bands
Upper Extremity Latissimus Dorsi n Origin n Spinous process T 6 -S 5 n Iliac crest n Insertion n Medial humerus n
Latissimus Dorsi n Action n Extension @ shoulder n Adduction of humerus
Upper Extremity Pectoralis Major n Origin n Medial clavicle n Sternum n Costal cartilage (1 -6) n Insertion n Proximal Humerus n
Pectoralis Major n Action n Flexion n Adduction of humerus
Upper Extremity Deltoid - Anterior n Origin n Lateral clavicle n Insertion n Deltoid tuberosity of humerus n
Anterior Deltoid n Action n Flexion n Horizontal adduction of humerus
Upper Extremity Deltoid - Middle n Origin n Acromion process n Insertion n Deltoid tuberosity of humerus n
Middle Deltoid n Action n Abduction of humerus to 90 degrees
Upper Extremity Deltoid - Posterior n Origin n Scapular spine n Insertion n Deltoid tuberosity of humerus n
Posterior Deltoid n Action n Extension n Horizontal abduction of humerus
Bellwork n Pectoralis Major n n Rectus Abdominus n n O: I: A: O: I: A Masseter n n n O: I: A:
Flash Card Time! n n n n Make Flash Cards for the following: Masseter Sternocleidomastoid Rectus Abdominus Trapezius Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Deltoid n n n Anterior Middle Posterior On one side: Name On opposite side: Origin, Insertion & Action
Rotator Cuff Muscles n 4 Muscles make up the Rotator Cuff: n Supraspinatus n Infraspinatus n Teres Minor n Subscapularis n They originate on the scapula & insert on the humeral head n They hold the head of the humerus IN the Glenoid Fossa of the Scapula. n Keep shoulder in socket.
Supraspinatus n Origin: n n Insertion n n Supraspinous Fossa of Scapula Greater Tubercle of Humerus Action Abduction of humerus n Stabilize head of humerus n
Supraspinatus in Action! n Laying a ball up in basketball n Jumping Jack n Abduction of shoulder
Infraspinatus n n n Origin n Infraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion n Greater tubercle of humerus Action n Lateral rotation of humerus n Or External Rotation n n Stabilize head of humerus What view is this picture?
Infraspinatus in Action!
Teres Minor n n n Origin n Lateral boarder of scapula Insertion n Greater tubercle of humerus Action n Lateral rotation of humerus n External Rotation n Stabilize head of humerus
Teres Minor in Action! n Much like the Infraspinatus…working on lateral rotation exercises enhances this muscle n What other sports would need to strengthen their teres minor?
Subscapularis n n n Origin n Subscapular fossa of scapula Insertion n Lesser tubercle of humerus Action n Medial rotation of humerus n Internal rotation n Stabilize head of humerus
Actions of Rotator Cuff Supraspinatus n Infraspinatus n Teres minor n Subscapularis n Abduction n External Rotation n External rotation n Internal Rotation n
Biceps Brachii n n n Origin n Short Head-coracoid process n Long Head-supraglenoid tubercle of scapula Insertion n Radial tuberosity Action n Flexion of elbow
Biceps in Action n Discuss: Eccentrically Contract n Isometrically Contract n
Triceps Brachii n Origin n Long Head n n Lateral Head n n n Posterior humerus Medial Head n n Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Posterior humerus Insertion n Olecranon process of ulna Action n Extension of elbow
Tricpes In Action!
Skeletal Muscle n n n n On one side: Name Make Flash Cards for the following: Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Subscapularis Biceps Brachii Triceps Brachii On opposite side: Origin, Insertion & Action
Muscles of the Thigh n The muscles of the thigh run from the hip to the knee n n What movements can the hip and knee joint perform? What muscles/muscle group do you know?
Gluteus Maximus Origin n Posterior sacrum & ilium n Insertion n Gluteal tuberosity of femur n Action n Extension of femur/hip n External Rotation of hip n
Glute Strength Squats are known to help build glute strength… n What other exercises would concentrically contract this muscle? n
Hamstrings n n Biceps Femoris Origin n Long head-ischial tuberosity n Short head-posterior femur Insertion n Head of fibula Action n Extension of hip n Flexion of the knee
Hamstrings Semitendinosus n Origin n Ischial tuberosity n Insertion n Anterior tibia n Action n Extension of hip n Flexion of the knee n
Hamstrings Semimembranosus n Origin n Ischial tuberosity n Insertion n Posterior medial tibia n Action n Extension of hip n Flexion of the knee n
Hamstrings O: Ischial tuberosit y I: Fibula & Tibia A: Flex knee Extend hip Biceps Femoris Semimembranosu s Semitendinos us
Hamstrings Biceps Femoris n Semitendinosus n Semimembranosus n
Quadriceps Rectus Femoris n Origin n Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) n Insertion n Tibial tuberosity n Action n Extension of the knee n Hip flexion n
Quadriceps Vastus Lateralis n Origin n Femur n Insertion n Tibial tuberosity n Action n Extension of the knee n
Quadriceps Vastus Medialis n Origin n Femur n Insertion n Tibial tuberosity n Action n Extension of the knee n
Quadriceps Vastus Intermedius n Origin n Anterior femur n Insertion n Tibial tuberosity n Action n Extension of the knee n
Lower Extremity Rectus Femoris n Vastus Lateralis n Vastus Medialis n Vastus Intermedius n
Skeletal Muscle n n n Make Flash Cards for the following: Gluteus Maximus Hamstrings n n Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Quads Rectus Femoris n Vastus Lateralis n Vastus Medialis n Vastus Intermedialis n On one side: Name On opposite side: Origin, Insertion & Action
Final Chapter! n n This last group of muscles is the end of this muscle segment. So far we have identified: n n Face and Neck Shoulders and Back Abs and Glutes Hamstrings and Quads n Today will be the muscles of the low leg n What is one muscle group that you already know? n Calf Muscles n Why do you think they call them the calves? n I have no idea!!
Lower Extremity n n Tibialis Anterior Origin n Lateral condyle of tibia Insertion n Plantar surface of 1 st metatarsal Action n Dorsiflexion n Recall…. what does this mean? n Inversion of ankle n Recall…. what does this mean?
Dorsiflexion & Inversion Pointing toes out: EVERSION Pulling toes up: DORSIFLEXION Pointing toes down: Plantarflexion Pointing toes in: Inversion
Lower Extremity Peroneus Longus n Origin n Proximal fibula n Insertion n Plantar surface of 1 st metatarsal n Action n n Eversion of ankle
Lower Extremity Peroneus Brevis n Origin n Distal fibula n Insertion n Base of 5 th metatarsal n Action n n Eversion of ankle
Eversion Exercises A commonly used rehab tool are resistance bands n Eversion exercises strengthen the Peroneus Longus n
Lower Extremity Soleus n Origin n Upper tibia n Posterior fibula n Insertion n Calcaneus (Heel Bone) n Action n n Plantarflexion of ankle
Lower Extremity n n Gastrocnemius Origin n Medial head-medial epicondyle of femur n Lateral head-lateral epicondyle of femur Insertion n Calcaneus (Heel Bone) Action n n Plantarflexion of ankle This muscle is SUPERFICIAL to the Soleus
Gastrocnemius vs. Soleus To isolate the GASTROC To isolate the SOLEUS
Skeletal Muscle n n n Make Flash Cards for the following: Tibialis Anterior Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Soleus Gastrocnemius On one side: Name On opposite side: Origin, Insertion & Action
Skeletal Muscle List of muscles learned Name Origin, Insertion & Action n n n Masseter Sternocleidomastoid Rectus Abdominus Trapezius Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Deltoid n Anterior n Middle n Posterior Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Subscapularis Biceps Brachii Triceps Brachii n n n n Tibialis Anterior Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Soleus Gastrocnemius Gluteus Maximus Hamstrings n Biceps Femoris n Semitendinosus n Semimembranosus Quads n Rectus Femoris n Vastus Lateralis n Vastus Medialis n Vastus Intermedialis
Skeletal Muscle
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