Anatomy Physiology The Human Body Body Organization n
Anatomy & Physiology The Human Body
Body Organization n. What’s the smallest unit of life? § Cell Human Body: 100 trillion cells
Body Organization (cont. ) n. Cells tissues organ systems organisms
Levels of Organization
Skeletal System Bones: n 22 skull n 27 hand n 26 foot
Skeletal System (cont. ) # of bones: n. Adults 206 n. Babies 300
Bone Structure n. Bone cells are living n. Contain nerves, blood vessels & marrow
Compact & Spongy Bone
Bone Structure (cont. ) n. Bone Marrow - thick & jelly like - stores fat - makes blood cells
Bone Structure (cont. ) Bones lined with dense tissue: cartilage n Cushions bones n Provides support n
Bone Structure (cont. ) n. Tendons: Tough fibers that connect muscle to bone
Bone Structure (cont. ) n. Ligaments: Tough fibers that connect bone to bone
Function of Bones 1. Support – provides framework for the body 2. Protection – for the brain, spinal cord, and vital organs
Function of Bones (cont. ) 3. Movement – lever for muscle 4. Attachment – tendons connect muscle to bone
Function of Bones (cont. ) 5. Blood Cell Production occurs in bone marrow 6. Mineral Storage Calcium & Phosphorus
Bone Connections
Fixed Joint n. Connects plate-like bones of the skull
Hinge Joint n. Allows movement in two directions (Front & Back) n. Ex. Elbow, Knee
Ball & Socket Joint n. Allows full range of motion n. Ex. shoulder
Cracking Knuckles n. Space between joints widen n. Air bubble forms in the synovial fluid (joint lubricant) n. Bubble bursts and makes cracking sound
Skeletal Conditions n. Bursitis n. Arthritis n. Scoliosis n. Sprain n. Osteoporosis n. Fracture
Bursitis n. Inflammation of the bursa (sac)
Scoliosis n. Curvature the spine of
Osteoporosis n. Inefficient bone replacement n 5 -10% of bone mass lost every 10 years past age of 40
Arthritis n. Joint inflammation Ex. Rheumatoid arthritis
Sprain n. Over stretching of ligaments or tendons n. Torn ligaments require surgery
Fracture n. Broken bone n. Multiple types
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