Anatomy Physiology July 2020 Anatomy Physiology The study

Anatomy Physiology The study of the body and its parts The study of how

There are 7 major muscles of the abdomen. There are Anterior Muscles which can

Anterior Muscles: 1. External Oblique 2. Internal Oblique 3. Transverse Abdominis 4. Rectus Abdominis

Role of Anterior Abdominal Muscles The major role of these muscles is to allow

Digestive Pathway through the Body Enters mouth > esophagus > stomach (breaks down food)

Role of the Pelvic Girdle • Transfer weight from • • the upper body

Bones of the Pelvic Girdle: - 2 “Hip Bones” formed by 3 smaller bones

The most important back muscles are in the Extrinsic Muscles Category: Trapezius Latissimus Dorsi

The 4 Extrinsic Muscles are responsible for connecting the upper limbs to the mid

Citations • • https: //www. kenhub. com/en/library/anatomy/the-musculoskeletal-system https: //www. niddk. nih. gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/digestivesystem-how-it-works https: //en.

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Anatomy & Physiology July 2020.

Anatomy Physiology The study of the body and its parts The study of how the body and parts function & work together

The Abdomen

There are 7 major muscles of the abdomen. There are Anterior Muscles which can be found on the front side of the body. The Posterior Muscles can be found on the back side of the body.

Anterior Muscles: 1. External Oblique 2. Internal Oblique 3. Transverse Abdominis 4. Rectus Abdominis Posterior Muscles: 1. Psoas Major 2. Illiacus 3. Quadratus Luborum

Role of Anterior Abdominal Muscles The major role of these muscles is to allow the mid section of the body to flex (bend) and rotate the mid section. Another role they play is to stabilize and support the pelvis.

Digestion Process

Digestive Pathway through the Body Enters mouth > esophagus > stomach (breaks down food) which leaves from 2 routes in the stomach: • liver & pancreas • duodenum > small intestine > ileum > large intestine > ascending colon > transverse colon > descending colon > rectum > out the body

The Pelvis

Role of the Pelvic Girdle • Transfer weight from • • the upper body to the lower limbs Protect the pelvis Withstand compression from forces

Bones of the Pelvic Girdle: - 2 “Hip Bones” formed by 3 smaller bones (illium, ischium and pubis) - Sacrum (formed by 5 smaller bones)

The Back

The most important back muscles are in the Extrinsic Muscles Category: Trapezius Latissimus Dorsi Levator Scapulae Rhomboids

The 4 Extrinsic Muscles are responsible for connecting the upper limbs to the mid section of the body. They support the weight of the head, elevate shoulders and assist with shoulder movement. The Intrinsic Muscles are the deeper muscles under the extrinsic muscles. They are attached and act specifically on the vertebrae to maintain posture and produce movement.

Citations • • https: //www. kenhub. com/en/library/anatomy/the-musculoskeletal-system https: //www. niddk. nih. gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/digestivesystem-how-it-works https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Ischium https: //www. knowyourbody. net/pelvic-girdle. html https: //www. getbodysmart. com/lower-limb-bones/hip-bone-anatomyintroduction https: //teachmeanatomy. info/back/muscles/ https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Latissimus_dorsi_muscle Essential Clinical Anatomy by Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur & Arthur F. Dalley