Anatomy of the Eye 3 layers of Eye

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Anatomy of the Eye • 3 layers of Eye – Sclera • Outer layer,

Anatomy of the Eye • 3 layers of Eye – Sclera • Outer layer, protective cover. • Includes Cornea, clear cover to the pupil. Bends & refracts light. – Retina • Inner, posterior layer • Light sensitive receptor cells carry images to the brain through the optic nerve • Macula lutea- where the image from the lens projects • Fovea centralis- high concentration of receptor cells, clearest vision • Optic disc- blind spot, where nerves exit & blood vessels enter. – Choroid • Middle Layer. Supplies blood to eye structures • Iris- smooth muscle, eye color • Pupil- Controls amt. of light entering Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 1/Fall 2010 1

• Vitreous humor- liquid (water + collagen) in your middle eye • https:

• Vitreous humor- liquid (water + collagen) in your middle eye • https: //www. youtube. c om/watch? v=nn. Crn. W Oi. KG 4 Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce Curriculum 2010 Version 1/Fall 2

Other structures • Eyelids= blether/o • Eyelashes= cilia Component 3/Unit 8 • Lacrimal apparatus:

Other structures • Eyelids= blether/o • Eyelashes= cilia Component 3/Unit 8 • Lacrimal apparatus: • Lacrimal glandproduce tears • Lacrima ducts- drain tears • Nasolacrimal ductsdrains tears into nasal cavity Health IT Workforce Curriculum 2010 Version 1/Fall 3

How we see • Light passes through the cornea • Pupil • Aqueous humor

How we see • Light passes through the cornea • Pupil • Aqueous humor • Lens • Vitreous humor • And then hits the retina • Image is upside-down Component 3/Unit 8 • Optic nerve transmits the data to the occipital lobe of brain • Image is translated Health IT Workforce Curriculum 2010 Version 1/Fall 4

Emmetropia Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce Curriculum 2010 Version 1/Fall 5

Emmetropia Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce Curriculum 2010 Version 1/Fall 5

Vision may fail if…. • Muscles fail- both eyes don’t move together • Optic

Vision may fail if…. • Muscles fail- both eyes don’t move together • Optic nerve failsimage not sent • Retina or lens fail-no focus • Pupil fails- inadequate light Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce Curriculum 2010 Version 1/Fall 6

Eye Disorders and Diseases • Cataract • Clouding of the lens • Common in

Eye Disorders and Diseases • Cataract • Clouding of the lens • Common in elderly • Blurs vision Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 1/Fall 2010 7

Nyctalopia • • Night blindness Vit A deficiency? Disorder of light receptor cells (rods)

Nyctalopia • • Night blindness Vit A deficiency? Disorder of light receptor cells (rods) https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=nn. Crn WOi. KG 4 Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce Curriculum 2010 Version 1/Fall 8

Myopia • Nearsighted • Distant vision blurs • Eye too long, • Focal point

Myopia • Nearsighted • Distant vision blurs • Eye too long, • Focal point is in front of retina Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce Curriculum 2010 Version 1/Fall 9

Hyperopia • Farsighted • Vision blurs up close • Point of focus for light

Hyperopia • Farsighted • Vision blurs up close • Point of focus for light is beyond the retina Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce Curriculum 2010 Version 1/Fall 10

Eye Disorders and Diseases • Glaucoma – Fluid build up and pressure in the

Eye Disorders and Diseases • Glaucoma – Fluid build up and pressure in the eye – Damages optic nerve Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 1/Fall 2010 11

Eye Disorders and Diseases • Infections (bacterial, viral) • Conjunctivitis- (pinkeye) inflammation of conjunctiva

Eye Disorders and Diseases • Infections (bacterial, viral) • Conjunctivitis- (pinkeye) inflammation of conjunctiva • Viral= contagious • Can be due to allergies or contacts • Styes- infection of glands of the eyelids Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 1/Fall 2010 12

Exotropia • Strabismus (misalignment) of eyes • Walleyed Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce

Exotropia • Strabismus (misalignment) of eyes • Walleyed Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce Curriculum 2010 Version 1/Fall 13

Esotropia • Strabismus where eyes turn inwards • Cross-eyed Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT

Esotropia • Strabismus where eyes turn inwards • Cross-eyed Component 3/Unit 8 Health IT Workforce Curriculum 2010 Version 1/Fall 14

Eyes Combining Forms Word Part Meaning Key Term blephar/o eyelid blepharoplasty choroid/o choroidiritis conjunctiv/o

Eyes Combining Forms Word Part Meaning Key Term blephar/o eyelid blepharoplasty choroid/o choroidiritis conjunctiv/o conjunctiva conjunctivitis retin/o retina retinopath -opia vision diplopia Component 3/Unit Health IT Workforce Curriculu Version 1/Fall 2010 15

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