Anatomy Neurotransmitters and Target Tissues of Autonomic Nervous

Anatomy, Neurotransmitters and Target Tissues of Autonomic Nervous Parasympathetic ACh N Medulla ACh N ACh M ACh N Spinal Chord ACh M NA a, ACh N Dop D 1 ACh N Adrenal Medulla Motor Sinir Adr ACh N Heart muscle, smooth muscle, Secretory glands, Nerve terminals Sympathetic Sweat Glands Sympathetic Heart muscle, smooth muscle, Secretory glands, Nerve termina Sympathetic Renal smooth muscle Somatic Skeletal muscle

Cholinergic Synapse Axon Na+ Cholin Ac. Co. A + Cholin Nerve Terminal CAT ACh - Ca++ Vezamichol ACh ATP, P Botilinum Toxin - ACh ATP, P Presynaptic Receptor ACh Acetylcholine Esterase Cholinergic Receptors Cholin Acetate

Adrenergic Synapse Axon Na+ Tyrosine Nerve Terminal DOPA Hydroxylase Tyr Dopamine Reserpine - Ca++ NA ATP, P Presynaptic Receptor 1 Cocaine Tricyclic AD - NE Diffusion 2 Adrenergic Receptors

Cholinergic Receptor Subtypes Acetylcholine Exracellular Intracellular Nicotinic ACh. R Muscarinic ACh. R

Adrenergic Receptor Subtypes NORADRENALİN Extracellular Intracellular a -AR

G Protein-Coupled Receptors and G Proteins Extracellular Intracellular

MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR SUBTYPES M 1 MR Gq M 2 MR Gi M 3 MR Gq M 4 MR Gi M 5 MR Gq IP 3 ve DAG c. AMP IP 3 ve DAG

ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR SUBTYPES a 1 AR Gq a 2 AR Gi IP 3 ve DAG c. AMP 1 AR 2 AR 3 AR Gs Gs Gs c. AMP

Direct Effects of Autonomic Nervous System Stimulation Sympathetic Parasympathetic Tissue Effect Eye Iris Radial muscle Circular muscle Ciliary muscle Lacrimal Glands Contraction (mydriasis) … [Relaxation] [Increased secretion] 1 Heart Sinoatrial node Atrium Atrioventricular node His-Purkinje system Ventricule Blood vessels Arteries and arterioles Skin and mucosa Splanchnic Skeletal muscle Coronary Cerebral Pulmonary Salivary glands Renal Veins Endothelium Lungs Broncheal and tracheal smooth muscle Bronchial glands Receptor Effect Receptor 2 … Contraction (miozis) Contraction Increased secretion … M 3, M 2 Increased rate Increased contractility and conduction velocity Incresed automaticity and conduction velocity Increased contractility and conduction velocity 1> 2 Decreased rate Decreased contractility, Shortened AP M 2>>M 3 1> 2 Decreased conduction velocity, AV block M 2>>M 3 1> 2 Slight decrese in contractility M 2>>M 3 Constriction; Dilation Slight constriction Constriction; Dilation 1, 2 1 ; 2 1, 2 ; 2 1 1 ; 2 1, 2 ; 2 … … … Dilation … EDRF release M 3 … M 3 Relaxation 2 Contraction M 2 = M 3 Decreased secretion; increased secretion 1 ; 2 Increased secretion M 2, M 3 1> 2 … … … …

Direct Effects of Autonomic Nervous System Stimulation Sympathetic Tissue Gastrointestinal System Stomach Motility and tonus Sphincters Secretion Intestines Motility and tonus Sphincters Secretion Ürogenital smooth muscles Detrusory Trigon and sphincter Uterus; pregnant Penis, seminal glands Kidney Renin secretion Skin Pilomotor smooth muscle Sweat gland secretions Termoregulatory Apocrin Metabolical functions Liver Adipocytes Autonomous nerve terminals Sympathetic Auotoreceptor Heteroreceptor Parasympathetic Auotoreceptor Heteroreceptor Effect Parasympathetic Receptor Effect Receptor Decrease Contraction Decrease 1, 2 , 1, 2 1 2 Increase Relaxation Increase M 2 = M 3, M 2 Decrease Contraction Decrease 1, 2 , 1, 2 1 2 Increase Relaxation Increase M 3, M 2 Relaxation Contraction (Contraction); Relaxation Ejeculation 2 1 1 ; 2 1 Contraction Relaxation Variant Erection M 3> M 2 M M 3 Decrease; increase 1 ; 2 No innervation Contraction 1 No innervation Increase M 3, M 2 1 No innervation Increased gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis Increased Lipolysis 1, 2, 3 Inhition of NA release 2 A > 2 C Inhition of ACh release 2 A > 2 C Inhibition af NA release M 2, M 4 Inhition of ACh release M 2, M 4