Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy Physiology TM 1 Agriculture

Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy & Physiology TM 1

Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resource Standards Addressed • AS. 01. 02. Assess and select animal production methods for use in animal systems based upon their effectiveness and impacts. – AS. 01. 02. 01. a. Identify and categorize terms and methods related to animal production. Anatomy & Physiology TM 2

Dors ral Dorsal Cranial Do rsa l Caudal Vent Dorsal al Ventral Proximal Distal Anterior Posterior Anatomy & Physiology TM 3

Median Transverse Sagittal Frontal Deep Superficial Anatomy & Physiology TM 4

Axis Skull Vertebrae Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Coccygeal Atlas Scapula Pelvis Humerus Olecranon Radius Carpals Phalanges Femur Patella Fibula Ribs Tibia Tarsals Ulna Metatarsals Phalanges Metacarpals Sesamoids Anatomy & Physiology TM 5

• Short bone – cube shaped, i. e. carpus and tarsus • Flat bone – plate of bone, i. e. scapula, rib, skull • Irregular bone – complex shaped, i. e. vertebrae • Sesamoid – small, seed-shaped bone, i. e. proximal and distal sesamoids, patella • Long bone – bone is longer that it is wide, i. e. femur, tibia, humerus, etc. Anatomy & Physiology TM 6

Epiphysis Diaphysis Periosteum Medullary cavity Metaphysis Bone marrow Endosteum Anatomy & Physiology TM 7

Fissured Greenstick Transverse Comminuted Anatomy & Physiology TM 8

Muscles are contractile organs responsible for the voluntary and involuntary movements of animals. • Skeletal muscle –allows for all voluntary movement, appears to be striated when looked at under a microscope. • Cardiac muscle – controls the involuntary beating of the heart, appears striated under a microscope. • Smooth muscle – responsible for all other involuntary movement, such as breathing, digestion, peristalsis, blinking, etc. Anatomy & Physiology TM 9

Brachiocephalicus Masseter Trapezius Latissimus dorsi External abdominal oblique Gluteals Pectorals Semitendinous Deltoid Triceps brachii Gastrocnemius Intercostal Biceps femoris Anatomy & Physiology TM 10

Nasal cavity Pharynx Esophagus Mouth Larynx Epiglottis Tongue Trachea Anatomy & Physiology TM 11

Epiglottis Larynx Alveoli Trachea Cartilage ring Lungs Bronchioles Anatomy & Physiology TM 12

Dendrite Cell body (soma) Myelin sheath Axon Synapse Anatomy & Physiology TM 13

Meninges Cerebrum Cerebellum Thalamus Spinal cord Hypothalamus Pituitary gland Brain stem Medulla oblongata Anatomy & Physiology TM 14