Analog vs Digital Analog Digital Chapter 1 Introduction

Analog vs Digital Analog → Digital Chapter 1 Introduction SKEE 1223 Digital Electronics Mun’im/Arif/Izam {munim, arif, e-izam}@utm. my FKE, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia January 28, 2017 Digital Devices

Analog vs Digital Analog → Digital Devices Analog vs Digital Analog systems can have any value Digital systems can have a limited set of values. Decimal system: 0, 1, · · · , 8, 9 Digital circuits: 0 or 1, TRUE/FALSE, ON/OFF To work with digital system, we must use binary number system

Analog vs Digital vs Analog → Digital Devices

Analog vs Digital Analog → Digital System Pro and Cons Advantages Easier to design Repeatable results Less sensitive to noise Easier to store information Programmable Advanced processing is possible Selectable precision Disadvantages The real world is mostly analog Sampling error System cost may be higher Digital Devices

Analog vs Digital Analog → Digital Devices Digital Processing of Analog Signals Audio Cassette tape Audio CD, MP 3

Analog vs Digital Analog → Digital Devices Digital Processing of Analog Signals Photography Film SD/CF card

Analog vs Digital Analog → Digital Devices Digital Processing of Analog Signals Video 35 mm Film Digital storage & processing

Analog vs Digital Analog → Digital Devices Digital Signal Processing Microphone Speaker Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) Digital processing and storage . . . 0100 1100 0101 0001. . . Analog signal Digital-to-analog converter (DAC) . . . 0100 1100 0101 0001. . . Digital signal Analog signal

Analog vs Digital Analog → Digital Devices Sampling Signal Amplitude Digital 11 Analog 10 01 00 Time 00 01 10 11 11 10 01 Digital signal sequence 10 01 00 10

Analog vs Digital Analog → Digital Devices Digital Voltages VHmax Logic "1" VHmin Notation Definition V Lmax VH(max) V H(min) VL(max) V L(min) Maximum voltage for logic HIGH Minimum voltage for logic HIGH Maximum voltage for logic LOW Minimum voltage for logic LOW Undefined Logic "0" VLmin

Analog vs Digital Timing Diagram A B C F Analog → Digital Devices

Analog vs Digital Analog → Digital Devices Logic Gates The most fundamental digital components A A F B AND gate F B OR gate A F NOT gate

Analog vs Digital Analog → Digital Chips Gates in Action 7400 chip containing 4 gates Breadboarding Digital Devices

Analog vs Digital Analog → Digital Devices Modern Chips Smaller, Faster, Cheaper Thousands of gates inside a USB connector Billions of gates inside a microprocessor

Analog vs Digital Analog → Digital SKEE 1223 https: //www. openlearning. com/courses/SKEE 1223 x Digital Devices