AMPKAMPactivated protein kinase Page 845 Page 845 Thr

AMPK(AMP-activated protein kinase) Page 845

Page 845 Thr 172 Bateman doman 1 Bateman doman 2 CBS: cystathionine-b-synthase

AMPK Controls Whole-Body Energy Homeostasis Page 846 Metformin

Page 848

Page 848

During Prolonged Fasting or Starvation (in Brain) Page 849

Page 849

In Muscle Page 849 & 850

Page 850

Glucose and Lactate Are Transported in the Cori Cycle Page 850

Fasting or Excessive Activity in Muscle Page 851 (The Glucose-Alanine Cycle Transfers Alanine to the Liver)

Page 852 Thermogenin(uncoupling protein 1)

Page 852

Liver Glucokinase vs. Hexokinase Page 852

Metabolic Pathways for Glucose 6 -phosphate in the Liver Page 852

Metabolism of Fatty Acids in the Liver Page 852

Metabolism of Amino Acids in the Liver Page 853

The Hormones That Control Eating Behavior Come from Many Different Tissues Page 854 Orexic(appetite-stimulating) vs anorexic(appetite-suppressing)

Ghrelin Short-Term Eating Behavior Is Influenced by Ghrelin and PYY 3 -36 Page 937 (Lehn)

Page 931 (Lehn)

Obesity Caused by Defective Leptin Production Page 931 (Lehn) *OB gene (leptin) & DB gene (diabetic; leptin receptor) BMI(body mass index)=weight in kg/ (height in m)2

Page 933 (Lehn)

Insulin and Leptin Are Long-Term Regulators of Eating Behavior Page 934 (Lehn)

Page 934 (Lehn) *AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK)

Page 935 (Lehn)

Mode of action of PPARs (Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptors) Page 936 (Lehn) RXR: retinoid X receptor

Metabolic integration by PPARs Page 936 (Lehn)

Sirt 1 Is a Key Regulator in Caloric Restriction (NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase) Deacetylated -peptide Page 857

Sirt 1 Is a Key Regulator in Caloric Restriction Page 857 Sir 2(silent information regulator 2) PGC-1(peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor- g coactivor-1)

Resveratrol, a Compound Found in Red Wine, is a Potent Activator of Sirtuin Activity Page 857

“Lipid Burden” Hypothesis for the Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Page 939 (Lehn)

Page 939 (Lehn)