Amino Acids Biochemistry Free For All Part 1
Amino Acids Biochemistry Free For All
Part 1 - Amino Acids Structure and Chemistry • Building Blocks of Proteins • Essential Amino Acids • Basic Structure • Stereochemistry • Side Chain Chemistry • Properties • Ionization • Bonding
Amino Acids & Proteins • Workhorses of cell – Catalysis – Signaling – Structure – Energy/Gradient Generation • Proteins comprised of 20 -21 amino acids
Amino Acids Essential Amino Acids
Alpha Carbon Basics of Structure Alpha Carboxyl Elements Alpha Amino Acids Differences in R Groups Alpha Amine
Alpha Carbon Basics of Structure Alpha Carboxyl Elements Alpha Amino Acids Differences in R Groups Examples Alpha Amine Asymmetric Center Alpha Carbon R Alpha Amine Alpha Carboxyl
Alpha Carbon Basics of Structure Alpha Carboxyl Elements Alpha Amino Acids Differences in R Groups Asymmetric Center Alpha Carbon Alpha Carboxyl R 18 Examples Alpha Amine
n o Amino Acids Stereochemistry D and L Isomers Almost all biological amino acids are in the L-configuration e i r t s A m m y C c b r a
Categorizing Amino Acids Non-Polar Carboxyl Amine Aromatic Hydroxyl Other Alanine Aspartic Acid Arginine Phenylalanine Serine Asparagine Glycine Glutamic Acid Histidine Tryptophan Threonine Cysteine Lysine Tyrosine Glutamine Isoleucine Leucine Selenocysteine Methionine Pyrrolysine Proline Valine
Ionizable R-groups Name Charged R-group Approximate R-group p. Ka Aspartic Acid Glutamic Acid -COO- 4. 1 Lysine Arginine Histidine Cysteine -NH 3+ =NH 2+ =-NH+ -S- 10. 5 12. 5 6. 0 8. 2 Tyrosine -O- 10. 5
Amino Acids Aromatic R-Groups Alpha Carbon Alpha Amine Tryptophan Alpha Carboxyl Tyrosine Phenylalanine
Amino Acids R Aromatic R-Groups Tryptophan R Tyrosine R Phenylalanine
Amino Acids R Aromatic R-Groups Charges at Physiological p. H Tryptophan R Ionizes at high p. H Tyrosine R Phenylalanine
Amino Acids Aliphatic R-Groups H Alanine Leucine Glycine Proline Valine Isoleucine Methionine
Amino Acids Aliphatic R-Groups H Alanine Leucine Glycine Proline Valine Isoleucine Methionine
Amino Acids Aliphatic R-Groups Charges at Physiological p. H
Amino Acids R-Group Carboxyls Aspartic Acid Glutamic Acid
Amino Acids R-Group Carboxyls R R Aspartic Acid Glutamic Acid
Amino Acids R-Group Carboxyls Charges at physiological p. H R R Aspartic Acid Glutamic Acid
Amino Acids Hydroxyl R-Groups Serine Threonine Tyrosine
Amino Acids Hydroxyl R-Groups Serine Threonine Tyrosine
Amino Acids Hydroxyl R-Groups Charges at Physiological p. H Serine Threonine Ionizes at high p. H Tyrosine
Amino Acids Sulfhydryl R-Group Cysteine
Amino Acids Sulfhydryl R-Group Ionizes at about p. H = 8 + Cysteine
Amino Acids Carboxamide R-Groups Asparagine Glutamine
Amino Acids Carboxamide R-Groups Asparagine Glutamine
Amino Acids Carboxamide R-Groups Asparagine Glutamine
Amino Acids Ionizable Amine R-Groups Arginine Lysine Histidine
Amino Acids Ionizable Amine R-Groups Arginine Lysine Histidine
Amino Acids Ionizable Amine R-Groups Charges at Physiological p. H Arginine Lysine Histidine
Rare Amino Acids
Non-Protein Amino Acids Carnitine Also - Citrulline, Ornithine, others
Amino Acids Ionization
Amino Acids Ionization -by p. Ka Values
Amino Acids Ionization -by p. Ka Values
Amino Acids Ionization -by p. Ka Values
Amino Acids Charge = -1 Ion Locations in Titration
Amino Acids Charge = 0 Ionization -by p. Ka Values
Amino Acids Charge = -1 Ionization -by p. Ka Values
Amino Acids Ionization -by p. Ka Values Charge = -2
Ionization Changes Charges Within Proteins Changes in Charge Change Activities
Post-translational Modifications
Phosphorylated Amino Acids
Breakdown of Amino Acids
Peptide Bond Formation
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