American Revolution Its too Late to Apologize Its

American Revolution It’s too Late to Apologize It’s too Late

Vocabulary • • • • Loyalist Patriot Repeal Militia Minute Men Mercenaries Thomas Paine John Locke Declaration of Independence George Washington Mecklenburg Resolves Tories Whigs

First Continental Congress • The Congress demanded repeal, or official end, of the Intolerable Acts. • Declared colonies had a right to tax and govern themselves. • Called for the training of militias to stand up to British troops. • New boycott of British goods. • Voted to meet again in May 1775 if demands were not met. The Colonial Militia Units were called Minute Men. They could be Ready in a Minute.

How Will The King and Parliament React? • King and Parliament decide to use force (British Military) to reestablish their authority. • General Gage of Massachusetts learned Colonial Minute Men were storing arms in Concord, Mass. General Gage

Lexington and Concord “The Shot Heard round the World” Gage sends 700 troops to Concord to seize arms and capture colonial leaders. As troops match out, Patriots sent out a signal. Paul Revere and William Dawes ride through the countryside at night to warn the Minute Men. “The British are coming, The British are coming”

First Battle of the Revolution Minute Men and British Troops meet at Lexington

No one knows who Fired first shot!! Battles at both Lexington and concord! British retreat to Boston arriving with 300 of the 700 soldiers started with!

Second Continental Congress 1775 met after Lexington and Concord Met in Philadelphia: Jefferson, Hancock, Franklin in attendance. New England wanted to declare Independence Middle Colonies, more cautious. All felt war was inevitable! Plan of action: 1 st: form a army 2 nd Choose a leader, George Washington 3 rd Create a currency, (money). Congress acting like a Government Petitioned King “Olive Branch Petition” to stop fighting and peacefully settle differences.

Split in the Colonies Patriot vs Loyalists Patriots Wanted to separate from England fight for independence Loyalists Colonists who stayed loyal to the King.

From the map what predictions can you make about what areas do you think most of the war will be fought in and why? Patriot Strongholds

Colonists take Sides Patriots • Most Colonists were Patriots • Most local governments controlled by Patriots Loyalists • loyalists were in every colony • Many merchants and landowners were loyalists • African Americans sided in hopes of gaining freedom • Native Americans hoping to keep their lands • Most left after the war was over

Early Battles, 1775 Patriots capture Fort Ticonderoga Patriots control of main route between Canada and Hudson river valley. Patriots capture important weapons , cannons which they moved to Boston.

Bunker Hill June 1775 Americans defended the Hill through three attacks, only lost because they ran out of Ammunition. Significance: American soldiers proved they could stand up to professional soldiers.

Middle of the Road--many colonists were. • Most colonists were not either for independence or against it. • Common Sense: written by Thomas Paine, that argues for the need for the colonies to become independent. Persuaded many to support Independence!!

Thomas Paine: Common Sense

1776 • May 1776, Henry Lee introduced resolution for the Congress to vote on “These United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States. ” • Thomas Jefferson chosen to write out reasons for separation from England. • Called Declaration of Independence • July 4, 1776

Declaration of Independence! Three Sections: 1. Preamble, lists our natural rights. 2. List of Grievances or complaints against King George. 3. Dissolving the Bonds with England

RESULTS OF THE DECLARATION Patriots no longer fighting for fairer Treatment, but now fighting for a new Nation

The Fighting First in New England heaviest fighting Then moved to Middle Colonies—New York…spying big time Nathan Hale patriot spy, caught killed, “I regret I have only one life to lose for my country. ” Washington crossing the Delaware River Christmas night surprising German Mercenaries (paid to fight for another country than your own)

The Fighting/Saratoga—upper New York, Patriots win, Saratoga major turning point: This ended British hopes for easy victory.

Help from Overseas France and other Allies declared war with Britain! 1. Lafayette-France, close friends with Washington 2. Kosciusko, Pulaski - Poland 3. Baron von Steuben – Germany The War was won only with support!!

Others Who Fought From Beginning African Americans fought in the war. Both for the patriots and British, (who promised freedom for joining them) During Revolution some states Took steps to end slavery

War Moves South Britain plans to capture South then move up into the Middle and Northern colonies.

Yorktown—War Ends! • Treaty of Paris • United States gain all the land Britain won from France in the French and Indian War! • United States had to restore lands taken from Loyalists during the war.

Why Americans Won Independence! Patriotic Spirit: fighting for a new Nation…risked their lives, and property! Geography: Americans fought on their home ground, they new the Territory. Skilled Leadership: George Washington’s courage and knowledge. Help from Abroad: The French military and allies provided leadership and support.

Impact of the Revolution • Creation of a new Nation • Declaration of Independence cemented the ideas of equality, liberty • These ideas encouraged individual rights of man in other countries, ie France

What was Happening in North Carolina During the Revolution • NC set up a provisional Congress that sent delegates to Philadelphia against the Governors wishes • Mecklenburg county leaders voted for independence, called “Meck/Dec of Independence, May 1775 • 1775 NC provisional congress created a loyalty oath for everyone. • April 1776 NC declared their independence from England. The NC passed the • Halifax Resolves authorizing the delegates in Philadelphia endorse independence. • NC first colony to endorse independence.

What was Happening in North Carolina During the Revolution • NC had to create a new state constitution to govern the state. • Confiscation Act took land from Tories who refused to pledge allegiance to the state. • Overmountain Men surprised Tories at the Battles of Kings Mountian • Much fighting between the Whigs and Tories in the State. • The war left NC destitute for several years.

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