American Imperialism Imperialism The policy in which stronger
- Slides: 30
American Imperialism
Imperialism • The policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories. • Fate has written our policy
American Interest In Cuba • Increased US interest in Cuba sugar • 1895 - Jose Marti (poet, journalist, patriot) launches rebellion from NY • 1896 - Weyler sent to Cuba ordered reconcentration camps (300, 000, 2 yrs. , starved and diseased) The Butcher Weyler
U. S. Response • 1898 - newly elected Mc. Kinley hopes to avoid war • De Lome Letter Spanish Minister to US • Jingoes - call for war President William Mc. Kinley
Spanish-American War “Splendid Little War” – John Hay (4 months-1898) • “Maine Incident” – February 15 th, 260 Americans killed -faulty boiler 1976 • Yellow Press (Hearst / Pulitzer) • April 11 th – Declaration of War
Yellow Journalism • A sensational style of writing, which exaggerates the news to lure and enrage readers. • Directly influenced the Spanish-American war!
You Are the Yellow Journalist! • On the left side of your notebook, make a mini newspaper article. You need a catchy title and: – Why Americans are interested in Cuba. – Why we need to help the Cubans. – What happened to the Maine – What needs to be done! – 5 -6 sentences! • Make sure you have a COLOR picture to go with the article!
War in the Philippines • • The first battle of the war with Spain took place here. George Dewey attacked the Spanish fleet in Manila Within hours, Dewey’s men destroyed every ship there. American troops joined forces with Filipino rebels to defeat the Spanish. • Four months later the Spanish were defeated in the Philippines.
War in the Caribbean • Invaded Cuba in June of 1898 • Key battle: San Juan Hill • War ended with a naval battle along the Cuban coast that destroyed the Spanish fleet. • American troops moved on to defeat Puerto Rico
The Roughriders
The Roughriders • Volunteer cavalry under the command of Teddy Roosevelt
Treaty of Paris • The actual fighting in the war was only 16 weeks • Spain agreed to the following: – Freed Cuba – Turned over Guam, Puerto Rico to the U. S. – Sold Philippines to the U. S. for $20 million • Debate: Was it right for the U. S. to annex the Philippines?
Acquiring New Lands • Influence in Cuba: Despite the U. S. ’s promise to recognize Cuba’s independence, the U. S. heavily influenced the writing of the Cuban Constitution and the establishment of their government. – Platt Amendment: included in their Constitution • U. S. reserved the right to intervene in Cuba • U. S. could buy or lease land on the island for naval stations and refueling stations
Finish Yellow Journalism Article • Spanish American War video: • http: //www. hippocampus. org/History%20% 26%20 Government; jsessionid=54 D 4 F 67 C 83831741 C 2 B 82 D 048 A 27 A 3 DE
Foreign Policy Metaphor: a direct comparison. • War in Iraq: – Ex: The U. S. is the surgeon working its patient, Iraq. – What would you say is a good metaphor for the war in Afghanistan? (Do not use mine for Iraq!)
Foreign Policy Metaphor. • In your groups, you will read and take thorough notes on your handout. • As a group, think of a metaphor for the relationship between the two countries. (Hint: think of common, everyday relationships, i. e. boyfriend/girlfriend, lawyer/client, baseball player/bat…) • Draw the metaphor on your paper. Make sure it is big and in nice color!
You will turn in… • Thorough notes on your piece of reading. (Everyone in your group will turn in individual notes!) • A metaphor mini poster (1 per group) • Be ready to answer questions at the end of your presentation; one specifically from Miss Culley for 5 extra test points!
Cuba Presentation • • • Teller Amendment Treaty of Paris Platt Amendment American influence in Cuban/American relations Legacy of American Influence
Mc. Kinley is Assassinated
Presidential Foreign Policy Teddy Roosevelt • “Big Stick” Diplomacy “Speak softly but carry a big stick” • Monore Doctrine Roosevelt Corollary • “Open Door” to China
William Howard Taft • “Dollar Diplomacy” • Encourage American investment • “dollars not bullets” • Promote US authority and prosperity as well as world stability
Woodrow Wilson “Moral Diplomacy” • US should champion democracy and help maintain world peace
Philippines Presentation • • Treaty of Paris Emilio Aguinaldo Annexation Debate American/Filipino War American Influence in Philippines American loss of Philippines (WWII) American Legacy in Philippines
Puerto Rico Presentation • • Treaty of Paris American influence in Puerto Rico American debate over Puerto Rican citizenship Foraker Act 1901 Insular Cases Jones Act, 1917 17, 000 Puerto Rican troops served in WWI American economic and political impact on Puerto Rico
Hawaii Presentation • • • First Americans to settle 1820 American Planters Queen Liliuokalani - 1891 American coup / U. S. Troops -1893 Debate in America – reasons to annex, reasons not to • Grover Cleveland • Mc. Kinley and Annexation • Territory and statehood
Panama Presentation • • • 1879 French Interest in Panama - Lesseps 1901 – U. S. Congress picked up option Hay-Herran agreement/ U. S. offer Reasons for U. S. interest Columbian refusal Philippe Bunau-Varilla – Panamanian revolution. Nov. 3 rd Building the canal 1921 apology, 25 million reparations Legacy of “Big Stick” Canal nationalized
China Presentation • 1800’s growing U. S. interests (trade, missionaries) • Manchu dynasty grew weak – increased foreign influence - R, J, Br, F, G • “spheres of influence” – special privileges, kept out U. S. • Philippines – U. S. interest greater • 1899 – U. S. asserts Open Door Notes • Open Door Notes – details • Chinese Nationalism • Boxer Rebellion- U. S. role • U. S. adds another principle to Open Door • U. S. benefits and increases trade
Mexico Presentation • • • • 1800’s increased U. S. investment Porforio Diaz, 1876 – encourages U. S. investment 50, 000 Am citizens live below border 1910, Mexican Revolution 1913, Gen. Victoriano Huerta – violent overthrow W. Wilson refused recognition - supported opponent Gen. Victoriano Carranza 1914, tension increase U. S. Sailors at Tampico – U. S. demands 21 gun salute, Huerta refuses U. S. invades at Vera Cruz, 19/200 killed, A. B. C. negotiates Revolt puts Carranza in power, but refuses U. S. call for a new government Wilson transfers support to Carranza’s opponent – Pancho Villa Pancho doesn’t attack…so Wilson withdraws support from Villa and recognizes Carranza Villa makes series of attack on Americans, 16 killed then 17 killed in raid on New Mexico. Wilson sent 6, 000 troops to capture Villa 1917, U. S. entered WWI and withdraws troops
Dominican Republic • • • 1800’s instability and independence Ulises Heureaux – late 1800’s Improvements/corruption under Heureaux Debt - U. S. intervention – “Big Stick” “Dollar Diplomacy”-troops/businesses Instability and resentment – Dominican Nationalists – Civil War – Debt (1916) WWI (1917) Wilson sends Marines Installed 8 yr. U. S military regime Troops pulled out 1924 Rafael Leonidas Trujillo - 1930
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