American Imperialism 1865 1914 American Imperialism 1865 1914

American Imperialism 1865 -1914

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind overseas expansion Economic Political Cultural Consequences still live on in the 21 st century

American Imperalism 1865 -1914 Definitions Imperialism Colonialism Nationalism Chauvinism

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 The world by 1900 Impact of Industrialization Unintended Consequences caused by Industrialization

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Resurgence of European Colonialism 1870 s and 1880 s • Factors • Consequences

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 The United States Isolationist Tradition Preoccupied throughout much of the 19 th century

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Rise of New Foreign Policy Elite in the late nineteenth century “White Anglo-Saxon Protestants” (WASP) • Who are they? • Ambitions

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Alfred Thayer Mahan American strategist The Influence of Sea Power upon History (1890) Influence on foreign policy elite

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Cultural changes of the late 19 th century The Frontier declared “closed” in 1890 census Industrialization “New immigrants”

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Cultural attitudes of the late 19 th century Darwin’s theory of evolution Impact of Darwinism

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Anglo-Saxonism Origins “The White Man’s Burden”

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 American Expansion before the Civil War Mostly confined to the North American continent Northwest Ordinance of 1787 Manifest Destiny

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 American Expansion after the Civil War Goals William Henry Seward Acquisitions

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Hawaii Formerly an independent kingdom Role of Missionaries Role of Economics Queen Liliuokalani Annexation Granted statehood in 1959

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Queen Lilioukalani, last Queen of Hawaii

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Cuba One of the last remaining colonies of Spain War of independence Role of American Media

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Cuba and the United States US Motivations The Maine

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 The USS Maine arriving at Havana before its explosion

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Aftermath of Maine explosion De Lome Letter Public outrage

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 The Spanish-American War Declaration of War Teller Amendment

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 The Spanish-American War Public Opinion Typical Volunteer

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 The Spanish-American War Theodore Roosevelt (1858 -1919) Role in Spanish-American War

Theodore Roosevelt (center) and the Rough Riders

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 The Spanish-American War Spain vs. United States Battle of Manila Bay May 1, 1898

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 The Spanish-American War Outcome Treaty of Paris

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Debate over the Philippines Arguments for colonial empire Arguments against colonial empire

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 The US ratified the Treaty of Paris in 1899 Reaction of Filipinos Guerrilla war in the Philippines

Emilio Aguinaldo, Filipino revolutionary leader

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 US Colonial Rule in the Philippines US policy Consequences Promises of Independence

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 The Larger Picture Philippines part of a larger strategy China by 1900 Japan

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy (1901 -1909) “Imperial Presidency” Anglo-Saxonism

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 American Imperialism in Latin America Monroe Doctrine Roosevelt Corollary

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Panama Suez Canal Attempts to build canal Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, 1850 Hay-Pauncefot Treaty, 1901 Panama Canal

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Dollar Diplomacy • Example of the Philippines • “Informal Imperialism”

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 The Anglo-American Rapprochement Diplomatic relations between US and Britain Venezuela Boundary Dispute Spanish-American War

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Impact of Spanish-American War on US/British Relations Hay-Pauncefot Treaty (1901) Alaska Boundary Dispute (1905) The “Special Relationship”

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Factors behind Anglo-American Rapprochement Cultural similarities between US and Britain Connections between US and Britain

American Imperialism 1865 -1914 Factors drawing Britain and the US closer together Economic European Diplomatic Situation US foreign policy elite Role of Anglo-Saxonism