American History Chapter 10 Becoming a World Power
American History Chapter 10: Becoming a World Power II. The Spanish. American War
Bell Ringer w Sensationalism! - define it w Explain how it can trigger public reactions. w What are some news stories that might be called sensational? w Setting the Scene – page 357
Objectives w Main Idea: A swift victory in the Spanish. American War confirmed the status of the US as world power, but it left some people arguing over how to govern newly acquired territories. w Read about US activities in Latin American that set the stage for war with Spain. w Find out about events leading up to and following the Spanish-American War. w Discover challenges faced by the US after the war. w Learn why the US sought to gain influence in the Pacific
A) Setting the Stage for War w US Power – Chile and Brazil w Britain and Venezuela over border – US invoked Monroe Doctrine wanted arbitration. 5) Arbitration – settlement of a dispute by a person or panel chosen to listen to both sides and come to a decision w UK backed down – Germany a rising threat
Cuban Rebellion Ø In 1895, Cuba rebelled against Spain Ø Spanish sent 150, 000 troops and started concentration camps – 200, 000 died Ø US would not interfere Ø Rebels attacked US sugar plantations to get US interest Ø Hearst and Pulitzer competed with false stories of horror in Cuba 6) jingoism: national pride and desire for an aggressive foreign policy
B) The Spanish American War w Riot in Havana prompted the US to send the USS Maine w Intercepted a letter calling Mc. Kinley “weak” w USS Maine blows up and sinks w Roosevelt orders Dewey to take the Philippines w Mc. Kinley sends list of demands – Spain acknowledges all but one – War!
“A Splendid Little War” w Dewey sinks the Spanish Pacific fleet in seven hours at Manila bay – Philippines w Roosevelt assembles the Rough Riders – take San Juan Hill w Spanish Atlantic Fleet tries to escape – US sinks all of them w Treaty of Paris 1898 – US got Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam – Cuba got Independence – US gave Spain $20 mil,
C) New Challenges After the War w Philippines wanted Independence – US said no – fought a 3 year war – US killed 16, 000 soldiers and 200, 000 civilians (1946) w US reluctantly allowed Cuba independence – forced them to sign the Platt Amendment 7) Platt Amendment: US establishes navy bases, no foreign deals, US right to intervene. w US slowly gave Puerto Rica citizenship and all rights by 1917
D) Other Gains in the Pacific w US wanted Hawaii and Pearl Harbor – naval fueling and repair yard w King died, Marines and Sanford Dole removed the Queen (sister) w US annexed Hawaii in 1898 w US, Britain, and Germany fought over Samoa and Pago harbor – Britain left
An Open Door to China w Everybody wants China – Why? 8) Spheres of Influence: areas of economic and political control over China by foreign powers 9) Open Door Policy: no Spheres – everybody can trade (US) w Boxer Rebellion – Fists massacre 300 foreigners – US fears more Spheres – diplomatically kept it open.
Review w How did the activates of the US in Latin America set the stage for war with Spain? w What were the events leading up to and following the Spanish-American War? w What challenges did the US face after the war? w Why did the US seek to gain influence in the Pacific?
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