America will never dream of security unless we

"America will never dream of security unless we will have it in reality in Palestine, " he added. "God willing, our raids on you will continue as long as your support to the Israelis will continue. " Osama bin Laden 1/23/10

"To Western nations. . . this speech is to understand the core reason of the war between our civilization and your civilians. I mean the Palestinian cause. The Palestinian cause is the major issue for my (Islamic) nation. It was an important element in fueling me from the beginning and the 19 others with a great motive to fight for those subjected to injustice and the oppressed, " added bin Laden. Osama bin Laden 5/16/08

"The creation and continuation of Israel is one of the greatest crimes, and you [the Americans] are the leaders of its criminals. There is no need to explain and prove the degree of American support for Israel. The creation of Israel is a crime which must be erased. Osama bin Laden 12/02

"We have demonstrated and stated many times, for more than two-and-a -half-decades, that the cause of our disagreement with you is your support to your Israeli allies who occupy our land of Palestine. " Osama bin Laden Shortly after 9/11/01

The Bible… Can We Believe It?

Is the Bible historically & archaeologically accurate? l “It may be stated categorically that no archaeological discovery has ever controverted a Biblical reference. ” Nelson Glueck – Jewish archaeologist

l Pool of Bethesda - John 5: 2

l Pontius Pilate – Luke 3: 1

l Pontius Pilate – Luke 3: 1

Temple Tax Coin l Exodus 30: 13 l Matthew 21: 12 -13

l First Temple Seal – Nehemiah 7: 46, 55

l Hanukkah Stele – Daniel 11: 20 -31

The deciphered text: 1' you shall not do [it], but worship the [Lord]. 2' Judge the sla[ve] and the wid[ow] / Judge the orph[an] 3' [and] the stranger. [Pl]ead for the infant / plead for the po[or and] 4' the widow. Rehabilitate [the poor] at the hands of the king. 5' Protect the po[or and] the slave / [supp]ort the stranger. l 10 th Century BC Hebrew Text

Tanak – tanakh - tanach

Tanak – tanakh – tanach Law – (Torah) Prophets - (Nevi’im) Writings – (Kethuvim)

Tanak – tanakh – tanach Law – (Torah) = 5 Prophets - (Nevi’im) = 8 Writings – (Kethuvim) = 11 total = 24

Torah Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy 24 Books Prophets Writings Joshua Judges Samuel Kings Isaiah Jeremiah Ezekiel The Twelve Ruth Chronicles Ezra & Nehemiah Esther Job Psalms Proverbs Ecclesiastes Song of Solomon Lamentations Daniel Hosea Amos Jonah Nahum Zephaniah Zechariah Joel Obadiah Micah Habakkuk Haggai Malachi

Tanak – tanakh – tanach Law – (Torah) = 5 Prophets - (Nevi’im) = 7 Writings – (Kethuvim) = 10 total = 22

Torah Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy 22 Books Writings Chronicles Ezra & Nehemiah Esther Job Psalms Proverbs Ecclesiastes Song of Solomon Daniel Prophets Joshua Judges & Ruth Samuel Kings Isaiah Jeremiah & Lamentations Ezekiel The Twelve Hosea Amos Jonah Nahum Zephaniah Zechariah Joel Obadiah Micah Habakkuk Haggai Malachi

l. The Bible - OT l Is the Hebrew Bible the same l l l as ours? 22 (or 24) books combine all minor prophets combine all I & II books combine Judges & Ruth combine Ezra & Nehemiah combine Jeremiah & Lamentations

Your Bible l Translation vs. paraphrase l Preface – how was it translated? l Table of Contents l Historical info l Intro to each book l Subject index (cyclopedic) l Concordance l Maps

l Word of God l Word of the Lord l See also Scripture ¡Psalm 119 ¡John 1: 1 ¡Hebrews 4: 12 ¡I Peter 1: 23 -25

l Scripture(s) ¡John 2: 22 ¡I Timothy 4: 13 ¡II Timothy 3: 16 ¡II Peter 3: 15 -16 http: //www. biblestudytools. com/

Exodus 2: 15, 3: 1, 18:

Galatians 1: 15 -17

Arabia ? Galatians 4: 24 -25

Masoretic Text, Biblia Hebraica (900 AD) Hebrew, Aramaic Dead Sea Scrolls (200 BC) Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek Septuagint (300 BC) Hebrew, Aramaic into Greek Vulgate (400 AD) Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek into Latin Greek Text (300 AD)

Isaiah 53: 10 l “Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise Him…” NKJV l “Yet it was the LORD’s will to crush him…” NIV l “Yet it pleased Adonai to crush him with illness…” CJB

“it pleased” l. Hebrew – chaphets (khaw-fates’) Incline to, to be pleased with, desire, delight, have pleasure, will l Is the message the same? & what is the message?

John 1: 1 l “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. ” NIV (all) l “In the beginning the Word was, and the Word was with God, and the Word was a god. ” New World Translation

John 3: 16 l “For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth on him should not perish, but have eternal life. ” ASV (all) l “For God so loved the world that God gave God’s only Child, so that everyone who believes in that Child may not perish but may have eternal life. ” An Inclusive Version

l. The Bible biblia – books l testament – covenant or will l over 3, 000 years of preservation l

l. The Bible written over a period of almost 1500 years from Moses (~1400 BC) to John (almost 100 AD) l about 40 different writers l One Message from One Author l

l. The Bible is the Bible we have today the same as God’s original revelation? l is the message of the NT we have today the same message as Jesus spoke? l

l. The l l l Bible NT – over 5, 000 Greek MSS almost 24, 000 MSS in Greek, Syriac, Latin More evidence than any other book in history written on papyrus, parchment & vellum destruction of evidence

l. The Bible l dating of MSS Material, letter size & form, punctuation, ink color & content, texture & color of material, ornamentation, carbon-dating

l. Ashkar & London MSS February 2010 l two Israeli paleographers, Mordechay Mishor and Edna Engel, …"The uniformity of the letters, the structure of the text, and the techniques used by the scribe. . . it made it very clear to me, " Engel said. l …the experts were able to confirm that the texts were not only written by the same scribe, but were also part of the same scroll.

l. The Bible l copying of originals & MSS Middles, exact counts, scribal rules, comparison with later discoveries Bible church

l‘middles’ The fear of the LORD, that is wisdom Middle letters, middle words, middle sections, middle of the Pentateuch, middle of the Hebrew Scriptures; everything was counted

l. The Bible - OT l Canon – “measuring rod” OT canon established before Jesus’ time l same books as today l Septuagint included the Apocrypha l Vulgate included the Apocrypha, however… l

l. The Apocrypha - OT l Philo (before Christ) – no Apocrypha l Josephus (after Christ) – no Apocrypha l why do the Catholics accept the Apocrypha & the Protestants don’t?

l. The Apocrypha - OT 1 Esdras 2 Esdras *Tobit *Judith Additions to Esther *Wisdom of Solomon Ecclesiasticus *Baruch Epistle of Jeremiah Song of the Three Children Story of Susanna Bel and the Dragon Prayer of Manasseh *1 Maccabees *2 Maccabees * Included in Catholic Bible

l. The Apocrypha - NT The Revelation of John the Theologian The Revelation (or Vision) of Paul The Revelation of Paul The Apocalypse of Peter The Apocalypse of Thomas The Apocalypse of the Virgin The Shepherd of Hermas The Epistle of the Apostles. The Infancy Gospel of Thomas An Arabic Infancy Gospel The Gospel of James The Gospel of the Nativity of Mary The Gospel of Mary of Bethany (or Magdalene) The Gospel of Nicodemos (The Acts of Pilate) The Gospel of Bartholomew The Gospel of Peter The Gospel of Judas The Secret Gospel of Mark

l. The Apocrypha - NT The Acts of Andrew The Acts and Martyrdom of Andrew The Acts of Andrew and Matthew The Acts of Barnabas The Acts of John the Theologian The Acts and Martyrdom of Matthew The Acts of Paul The Acts of Peter and Andrew The Acts of Peter and Paul The Acts of Philip The Acts of Thomas The Consummation of Thomas

l. The l Bible - Canon OT – “Thus saith the Lord” known prophet authorship prophecy & especially fulfilled prophecy ! (within OT times), use in synagogues

l. The l Bible - Canon NT – OT quotes & references fulfilled OT prophecy Apostolic authorship use in churches

l. The l Bible - OT Public reading of Scripture Deuteronomy 31: 9 -13 Joshua 8: 32 -35 Nehemiah 8: 3 -18

l. The l Bible - NT Public reading of Scripture Luke 4: 16 -21 I Timothy 4: 13 I Thessalonians 5: 27 Colossians 4: 16

l. The Bible – NT Canon earliest MSS evidence from th ~ 4 century AD But what about ‘the gap’ between the Apostles and the th 4 century? 300+ years! l Earliest MSS Evidence ~325 AD Apostle John ~90 AD What happened Between Here & Here?

l. The l Bible – NT Canon Historical lineage: l John 20: 30 -31, 21: 24 -25 l II Peter 3: 15 -16 l Paul – refers to written letters l Polycarp – 80 AD l Clement of Rome – 80 AD l Justin Martyr – 150 AD l Irenaeus – 180 AD l Muratorian Fragment – 150 -200 AD

l. The Bible – NT Canon Historical lineage: l Eusebius – 300 AD l Council of Laodecia – 350 AD l Cyril – 350 AD l Athanasius – 367 AD l Damasus – 382 AD l Jerome – 391 AD l Council of Carthage – 397 AD

Early Church Fathers Justin the Martyr – 150 AD Every Sunday – “gather in a common meeting…the Memoirs of the Apostles or the writings of the prophets are read. ” l

Early Church Fathers Muratorian Fragment – 200 AD Lists all the current NT canon Reference to apocryphal book “The Shepherd of Hermas… it cannot be read publicly to the people in church…” l

Early Church Fathers Council of Laodicea – 350 AD l Athanasius – 367 AD Lists all the current NT canon Then references both OT & NT Apocrypha – “…are not canonical…” “…are but recommended for reading” “…inventions of heretics…” l

Early Church Fathers l Cyril of Jerusalem – 350 AD “…have nothing to do with the apocrypha. Study diligently those only which we read publicly in the Church. ” l Council of Carthage – 397 AD Biblical Canon as we know it today

The beginning of the transfer of the Gospel John 17: 20 -21 (Jesus) l Acts 2 (Luke) l I Corinthians 15: 1 -11 (Paul) l

Apostle’s Creed I believe in God the Father Almighty, maker of heaven and earth: and in Jesus Christ His only Son, our Lord; who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, dead, and buried; He descended into hades; the third day He rose again from the dead; He ascended into heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of God, the Father Almighty; from thence He shall come to judge the quick and the dead. I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy Christian (catholic) church, the communion of the saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting. Amen

The beginning of the transfer of the Gospel I Peter 1: 10 -12 & 25 (Peter) l I Peter 1: 17 -24 l II Peter 1: 16 -21 l I John 1: 5 (John) l I John 1: 1 -5 l

The beginning of the transfer of the Gospel l Ignatius – 110 AD l Polycarp – 135 AD – student of the Apostle John l Tertullian – 200 AD l Origen – 220 AD l Eusebius – 316 AD l Cyril of Jerusalem – 350 AD

Nicene Creed – 325 AD We believe in one God, the Father, the Almighty, maker of heaven and earth, of all that is, seen and unseen. We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ, the only Son of God, eternally begotten of the Father, God from God, light from light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, of one Being with the Father; through him all things were made. For us and for our salvation he came down from heaven, was incarnate of the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary and became truly human. For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate; he suffered death and was buried. On the third day he rose again in accordance with the Scriptures; he ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father.

Nicene Creed – 325 AD He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead, and his kingdom will have no end. We believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life, who proceeds from the Father [and the Son], who with the Father and the Son is worshiped and glorified, who has spoken through the prophets. We believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church. We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins. We look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come. Amen.

Apostle’s Creed – 400 AD I believe in God the Father Almighty, maker of heaven and earth: and in Jesus Christ His only Son, our Lord; who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, dead, and buried; He descended into hades; the third day He rose again from the dead; He ascended into heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of God, the Father Almighty; from thence He shall come to judge the quick and the dead. I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy Christian (catholic) church, the communion of the saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting. Amen

New Testament Message & Canon Historical Overlap

Colossians 3: 16 “Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all wisdom, and as you sing psalms, hymns and spiritual songs with gratitude in your hearts to God. ”