Alternatives to biofuels efficiency efficiency and efficiency Aat

Alternatives to biofuels: efficiency, efficiency and efficiency! Aat Peterse, T&E Berlin, October 6, 2007 www. transportenvironment. org

T&E membership Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK 49 Members – 21 Countries www. transportenvironment. org

The scale of the challenge Annual energy needs of one man 4 GJ Annual energy needs of one car 40 GJ www. transportenvironment. org

Towards a balanced development www. transportenvironment. org

1 Energy efficiency There is no substitute for energy efficiency in vehicles and transport systems Best investment for climate, energy security and technological innovation www. transportenvironment. org

2 Biomass efficiency Biofuel in transport Biomass in electricity production Source: JRC/EUCAR/CONCAWE, 2007 www. transportenvironment. org

3 climate performance targets, not biofuel volume targets ! 9 January: Schwarzenegger proposes ‘Low Carbon Fuel Standard’ (LCFS) ‘Well to Wheel’ greenhouse gas emissions per litre of petrol and diesel 10% in 2020 31 January: Commission proposes reviewed fuel quality directive, including lifecycle greenhouse gas target for petrol and diesel Similar targets www. transportenvironment. org

CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 Why fuel climate targets are crucial www. transportenvironment. org

4 sustainability certification An absolutely critical element Should include all relevant environmental and social concerns, including land use change policies should be based on its outcome !! www. transportenvironment. org

But displacement remains unaddressed … Even if biofuels are sustainable, they are still likely to displace other agricultural activity This is also relevant for biofuels grown in Europe !! Only solution: global approach to biodiversity and commodities – including fossils ! German approach (‘risk addition’ for displacement CO 2) might be interim strategy www. transportenvironment. org

So … Even if biofuels are good, energy efficient transport and biomass to replace coal and oil in powerplants is better Move from biofuel targets to climate performance targets and sustainability certification Even then, the planet can only bear cautious and well-planned steps, not a wild rush www. transportenvironment. org