Altermune Kary B Mullis The gal epitope gal

Altermune Kary B. Mullis

The α-gal epitope • • α-gal is NOT produced in humans, chimps, orangutan or gt -/mouse A strong anti-α-gal response is already ubiquitous in all humans

The anti-Gal response 0. 1 u. M Ig. G 2

Altermune Linker Aptamer will bind to M 2 e alpha-gal epitope

The Altermune Linker

Spiegelmer Strategy Eulberg and Klussmann Chem. Bio. Chem 2003

Altermune linker attaches to pathogen

Altermune linker attracts alpha-Gal antibodies

M 2 target of amantadine

M 2 e MSLLTEVET: The Achilles Heel of influenza is bicistronic

A human to human influenza virion detected by Altermune

natural killer cell attacks infected cell

Total DNA Linker

Today Model system with Ab to Phenylarsonate and Haemophilus influenza bacteria in rats. gt-/- mice Building linker to hemagglutinin peptide from H 3 N 2 Made M 2 e peptides

Aptamer binds to 161 aa peptide from H 3 N 2 hemagglutinin Ruth Arnon, JBC 279, 2004

Appendix A Reduction of infectivity in vitro of influenza virus on chicken cells by Altermune linker (apt-gal).

Appendix B

The Future: Priming the immune system for specific diversion by Altermune

A set of immunogens is chosen for: • Convenient synthesis • Safety • The distinct spectrum of immune responses provoked

Various immunogens with their resultant immune responses

M 13 Filamentous Phage

• • • Collaborators Dr. Alex Lucas, Childrens’ Hospital of Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA Dr. Rick Lyons, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque Dr. Ron Cook, Biosearch, Novato, CA Dr. Carol Cardona, UC Davis, CA Dr. Jeeva Vivikananda, Dr. Jonathan Kiel, Brooks Air Force Base, San Antonio, TX

supported by DARPA