alo cse f buf SNe PS 3 for

alo @ cse f buf SNe. PS 3 for Ontologies Stuart C. Shapiro Department of Computer Science and Engineering, and Center for Cognitive Science University at Buffalo, The State University of New York 201 Bell Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260 -2000 shapiro@cse. buffalo. edu http: //www. cse. buffalo. edu/~shapiro/ September, 2004 S. C. Shapiro

alo f buf @ cse What Is SNe. PS? A logic-based And network-based KRR system To support NL understanding & generation And commonsense reasoning Including ontological reasoning. 2 September, 2004 S. C. Shapiro

alo f buf @ cse Logic-Based As expressive as higher-order logic Broad set of logical rules of inference. 3 September, 2004 S. C. Shapiro

alo f buf @ cse Network-Based Efficient, path-based reasoning Restricted set of logical rules of inference Useful for ontological reasoning. 4 September, 2004 S. C. Shapiro

alo f buf @ cse SNe. PS 2 Implemented Long history of use. 5 September, 2004 S. C. Shapiro

alo @ cse f buf Ontological Reasoning in SNe. PS 2 Disjoint. Subclass({Urochordate, Cephalachordate, Vertebrate}, Chordate)! Disjoint. Subclass({Mammal, Bird, Fish}, Vertebrate)! Disjoint. Subclass({Dog, Cat}, Mammal)! all(x)(Subclass(x, Vertebrate) <=> Have(x, spine)). : Subclass(Dog, Chordate)? Subclass(Dog, Chordate) : Subclass(Cat, Cephalachordate)? ~Subclass(Cat, Cephalachordate) : Have(Dog, spine)? Have(Dog, spine) : Have(Cephalachordate, spine)? ~Have(Cephalachordate, spine) 6 September, 2004 S. C. Shapiro

alo f buf @ cse SNe. PS 3 Partially implemented In development. 7 September, 2004 S. C. Shapiro

alo @ cse f buf Basic Ideas of SNe. PS 3 Arbitrary Terms (any x R(x)) Indefinite Terms (some x (y 1 … yn) R(x)) Type checking of arguments 8 September, 2004 S. C. Shapiro

alo @ cse f buf Ontology in SNe. PS 3 Isa({(any Arb 1 Isa(Arb 1, Urochordate)), (any Arb 2 Isa(Arb 2, Cephalachordate)), (any Arb 3 Isa(Arb 3, Vertebrate))}, Chordate) Isa({(any Arb 5 Isa(Arb 5, Mammal)), (any Arb 6 Isa(Arb 6, Bird)), (any Arb 7 Isa(Arb 7, Fish))}, Vertebrate) Isa({(any Arb 8 Isa(Arb 8, Dog)), (any Arb 9 Isa(Arb 9, Cat)), (any Arb 10 Isa(Arb 10, Monkey)), (any Arb 11 Isa(Arb 11, Ape))}, Mammal) Isa({(any Arb 12 Isa(Arb 12, Gorilla)), (any Arb 13 Isa(Arb 13, Chimp)), (any Arb 14 Isa(Arb 14, Orangutan))}, Ape) Isa(J Fred, Chimp) Property((any Arb 3 Isa(Arb 3, Vertebrate)), furry) 9 September, 2004 S. C. Shapiro

alo f buf @ cse Inferences Isa((any Arb 8 Isa(Arb 8, Dog)), Chordate) Property((any Arb 13 Isa(Arb 13, Chimp)), furry) Isa(J Fred, Chordate) Property(J Fred, furry) 10 September, 2004 S. C. Shapiro

alo f buf @ cse Collaboration Ad Looking to collaborate with content providers Or research on design of ontologies 11 September, 2004 S. C. Shapiro

alo f buf @ cse More Information on SNe. PS and The SNe. PS Research Group http: //www. cse. buffalo. edu/sneps/ 12 September, 2004 S. C. Shapiro