All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG as

液压缸的存储 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of

液压缸的泄漏故障液压缸的泄漏 1。内泄漏——影响技术性能、出力不足、速度减慢、作不平稳 2。外泄漏——污染环境，能源浪费 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 6

拆检与维修 4。其他如缸头与缸筒，缸底与缸筒等地方的静密封也要检查是否损伤。活塞与活塞杆是否有松动。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well

調試的注意事項 Important commissioning instructions © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well

泵的不同安装位置 a: 安装在油箱液面之上 b: 安装位置在油箱最低液面之下，位置可能在油箱内或油箱外。 c: 安装在油箱内最低液面之下 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 17

泵的不同安装方向 1) 泵轴水平安装 3) 泵轴垂直向下安装 2) 泵轴垂直向上安装 4) 泵轴水平侧向安装 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 18

泄油管上安装止回阀弯轴泵水平安装在油箱外部液压之上时，为保证壳体油液漏空，必要时加一单向阀。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in

泄油管向上弯曲一定长度泵安装在油箱外，位置有可能高于最低液面时，可以把泄油管向上弯曲一段，再接回油箱。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in

保证油箱的最低液位泵安装在油箱内时，注意最低液位不能低于最高的泄油口。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases

检查泵的旋向首次启动液压泵时，从电机后风扇位置正对泵轴，检查泵的旋向是否正确。如不正确可以对掉动力线的两个接线头。泵长时间反转会导致损坏。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 22

泵轴的轴向力限制在泵的安装过程中不可使用蛮力（用锤砸）。也不可产生顶轴现象，否则会破坏泵内各部件的预紧力，加大磨损或影响轴承寿命。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 23

用万向轴驱动液压泵安装时万向轴的两端必须保持等角度。轴两端连接处应对称，转动接头应在同一平面内，无明显安装偏差。连接不对称 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 24

泵的安装是否符合要求: （以A 10 VSO为例）水平安装，油箱之下。接上面的L 1口。L口堵住。吸油管浸入液面最小长度hmin=200 mm. 保证最小吸油压力 0. 8 bar. © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 27

泵的安装是否符合要求: （以A 10 VSO为例）吸油压力：最小绝对压力 0. 8 bar. 泄油压力：不能高于吸油压力 0. 5 bar，最高不能超过2 bar (绝对压力) © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 28

油泵浸在油液中 Oil immersed 建議裝置 recommendation even under oil level always use suctionand return line baffle 隔板必須使用吸油及回油管儘可能將距離增加 keep distance as wide as possible © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 29

穩固的底架 Stiff frame for power units 動力單元的最佳設計：適用於小型動力單元 optimal design for small power units possible 安裝底架 mounting base 使用L或U型鋼材以增加穩固性 L- or U-beams for frame stiffness © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 30

force of pressure Pulling force “Slightly out of balance” 重心失衡 GP 1 GM GP 2 base frame © Alle Rechte bei Bosch Rexroth AG, auch für den Fall von Schutzrechtsanmeldungen. Jede Verfügungsbefugnis, wie Kopier- und Weitergaberecht, bei uns. 31

穩固的底架承托 Strength frame for power units S 使用足夠重量的墊軌 Use heavy base rail (5 d. B(A)) less 把負載平均分佈在避震腳上 Damping elements are optimally arranged with even load distribution © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 32

管接头的使用在液压系统中常用的几种管接头：Walform. 用于中高压系统，采用 24度锥密封。适用于5 -32的管径。碳钢与不锈钢均适用。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 39

管接头的使用在液压系统中常用的几种管接头：SAE法兰。适用于35 -125管径的密封，通过四个紧固螺栓和O圈形成可靠的密封。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 40

管接头的使用在液压系统中常用的几种管接头：方形或圆形法兰。适用于>50管径的密封，通过四个紧固螺栓和O圈形成可靠的密封。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 41

管夹的使用我们利用管夹来固定液压管路，使用液压系统作更稳定。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in

管夹的使用关于管夹在安装时的间隔，一般来讲，从遵从如下的基本准则： Ø 8≥D≤Ø 20 L 1000 mm Ø 20 > D ≤ Ø 48, 3 L 1500 mm D>Ø 48, 3 L 2000 mm © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 43

正确布置软管软件的布置的原则之一是平滑弯曲，不允许出现更弯和弯曲半径过小的情况。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in

正确布置软管软管连接不能扭劲，这样作一段时间后容易漏油。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in

正确布置软管任何连接形式均要考虑最小的弯曲半径，防止软管在作过程中由于疲劳效应发生断裂。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well

Bad suction line in tank 吸油區內油液不可急速流動紊流區 calm oil in suction chamber turbulent zone 長而平放的吸油管long horizontal suction line 平切口的油管 straight cut of pipe 產生氣泡 creation of air pocket 隔板必須安裝 baffle absolutely necessary P 最少有1. 5倍油管直徑的距離 at least 1. 5 pipe i. d. minimal distance suction Allg. 090. 9 VST 1/VST 6 06. AA © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 49

Bad suction line in tank 吸油區內油液不可急速流動 calm oil in suction chamber 最少有1. 5倍油管直徑的距離 at least 1. 5 pipe i. d. minimal distance 紊流區 turbulent zone 必須安裝隔板 baffle absolutely necessary P suction © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 50

Temperature range at pump inlet for VG 46 Oil 41 ℃ 71 ℃ © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 52

Contamination level comparison 新液壓油 Ø 2 33, 121 Ø 5 7, 820 Ø 10 5, 010 Ø 15 2, 440 ISO 4406 - 22/20/18 ( NAS 12 ) 新液壓系本身的污染物 Ø 2 79, 854 Ø 5 21, 070 Ø 10 12, 320 Ø 15 8, 228 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. ISO 4406 - 23/22/20 ( > NAS 12 ) 54

Contamination level comparison 按裝有基本液壓過濾的系统 Ø 2 Ø 5 Ø 10 Ø 15 9, 870 2. 400 1, 800 540 ISO 4406 - 20/18/16 ( NAS 9 ) 按裝有過濾 βx > 200 的液壓系统 Ø 2 Ø 5 Ø 10 Ø 15 80 41 20 12 ISO 4406 - 14/13/11 ( NAS 4 ) 只有使用高過濾比值的濾芯才能有效控制有害的间隙體積粒子 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 55

The Micrometer ‘um’ 人頭髮粗 75 um, 10 um 微粒放大

Determination of βx value © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well

NAS 1638标准清洁度颗粒尺寸单位：在 100 ml 液体中杂质颗粒的最多数量 © All

管路的耐压试验安装完成后，应对管道进行10 min耐压试验，试验压力 1. 5倍作压力，试验不允许有渗漏现象。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 64

滤油器过滤器用于分离油液中的固体颗粒物，是保证液压系统正常作的重要因素。 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well

开式系统中滤油器的安装不推荐安装吸油滤，泵很容易产生吸空。 1 回油路过滤器 2 空滤 3 吸油滤 4 单独过滤系统 5 冷却器 6 液压泵 7 压力回路过滤器 8 冷却回路过滤器 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 70

闭式系统中滤油器的安装安装在回油路和泄油路上安装在吸油路上的吸油过滤器压力管路上的过滤器闭式系统冲洗用过滤器 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 71

调试过程中常见问题安全阀压力低于系统作压力；调试前柱塞泵和马达壳体内未注满油液；蓄能器未充氮；控制元件设定值不正确； © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us. 82