All of the subjunctive sentences in noun clauses

All of the subjunctive sentences in noun clauses, like in the lesson this week, require a change of subject. • Yo dudo que ella trabaje. • (I doubt that she works. ) Notice how the subject in the left half is I and changes to she after the que.

doubt denial uncertainty

dudar=to doubt no creer en preguntas=to not believe or to believe? no pensar en preguntas=to not think or to think? negar (ie)=to deny Ella duda que su madre vaya al supermercado hoy. Ejemplo…

Main clause + Present tense + indicative que (that) que + subordinate clause (with change of subject) + present tense subjunctive Ejemplo…Dudo que la clase tenga mucha tarea hoy. I doubt that the class has a lot of homework today. Ejemplo… El director niega que ella llegue tarde. The director denies that she arrives late.

1. I doubt that she has a cat. Dudo que (ella) tenga un gato. 2. They deny that he knows the truth. Niegan que sepa la verdad. 4. It’s doubtful that he studies one thousand hours. Es dudoso que estudie mil horas.

Impersonal expressions

Es posible que-It is possible that Es bueno que-It is good that Puede que-It could be that Es necesario que-It is necessary that Most impersonal expressions are followed by the subjunctive. Es necesario que nosotras practiquemos la gramática. Ejemplo… (It is necessary that we practice the grammar. )

Main clause + Present tense + que (that) que + subordinate clause (with change of subject) + present tense indicative subjunctive Ejemplo…Es posible que Ramiro esté enfermo. It is possible that Ramiro is sick.

Impersonal expressions of certainty are followed by the indicative instead of the subjunctive. Es cierto (verdad)-It is true that Es obvio que-It is obvious that Es seguro que-It is sure that Es verdad que nosotros somos buenos estudiantes. Ejemplo… (It is true that we are good students. )

Impersonal expressions of certainty that are negative are followed by the subjunctive. No es cierto (verdad)-It is not true that No es obvio que-It is not obvious that No es seguro que-It is not sure that Ejemplo… No es verdad que Pepe tenga un perro. (It is not true that Pepe has a dog. )

1. It is probable that he works. 2. It is not true that we speak English in this class. 3. It is true that he is a firefighter. 4. It is necessary that I do my homework. Es probable que (él) trabaje. No es verdad (Es incierto) que hablemos inglés en esta clase. Es verdad (cierto) que (él) es bombero. Es necesario que haga mi tarea.

Emotions and desires

querer(ie)=to want esperar=to hope alegrarse de=to be glad desear=to desire Ella quiere que su padre ponga el dinero en el banco hoy. Ejemplo… (She wants that her father put the money in the bank. )

Main clause + present tense + indicative que (that) que + subordinate clause (with change of subject) + present tense subjunctive Ejemplo…Deseo que ella limpie toda la casa. Ejemplo… Me alegro de que Uds. beban mucha agua.

The word ojalá is always Followed by the subjunctive. Ojalá is a word that means I hope or I wish. The que is optional after ojalá. Ejemplo… Ojalá (que) yo reciba una A. (I hope I get an A. ) Since ojalá is not a verb, but rather an expression from Arabic, no subject change is necessary.

1. I desire that you (informal, singular) do the homework. 2. We are glad that he attends school. 3. They hope that my brothers and I clean the house. 4. I hope that you all speak Spanish. Deseo que (tú) hagas la tarea. Nos alegramos (de) que asista a la escuela. Esperan que mis hermanos y yo limpiemos la casa. Espero (Ojalá) que Uds. hablen español.

Subjunctive, indicative or infinitive 1. Es necesario que yo _______ (hacer) todas las tareas en esta clase. 2. Espera __________ (recibir) flores este año. 3. Es seguro que su papá ________ (trabajar) horas extras esta semana. 4. Dudan que Juan ________ (venir) a la fiesta. 5. Es probable que tú _______ (ir) de vacaciones este año. 6. Ojalá que yo ________ (almorzar) a las once. Tengo hambre. 7. Es verdad que yo _____ (estudiar) español. 8. Desean __________ (viajar) a México. 9. Es bueno que nosotros ______ (ser) amigos. 10. Es obvio que _______ (estar) usando una computadora. Click to next slide for answers and explanation.

Subjunctive, indicative or infinitive 1. Es necesario que yo __haga (impersonal expression with_a change of subject requires subjunctive)____ (hacer) todas las tareas en esta clase. 2. Espera ___recibir (there is no que, you cannot conjugate 2 verbs immediately back-to-back so use infinitive) (recibir) flores este año. 3. Es seguro que su papá ___trabaja (Since this begins with a phrase of certainty, the second verb is in the indicative. ) _ (trabajar) horas extras esta semana. 4. Dudan que Juan _venga (verb of doubt with_a change of subject requires subjunctive)___ (venir) a la fiesta. 5. Es probable que tú vayas (impersonal expression with_a change of subject requires subjunctive) (ir) de vacaciones este año. 6. Ojalá que ___almuerce __ (almorzar) a las once. Tengo hambre. 7. Es verdad que yo _estudio ((Since this begins with a phrase of certainty, the second verb is in the indicative. ) _ (estudiar) español. 8. Desean ____viajar _ (there is no que, you cannot conjugate 2 verbs immediately back-to-back so use infinitive) _____ (viajar) a México. 9. Es bueno que nosotros __ seamos (impersonal expression with_a change of subject requires subjunctive) _ (ser) amigos. 10. Es obvio que _ está (Since this begins with a phrase of certainty, the second verb is in the indicative. ) ______ (estar) usando una computadora.

El fin