Alcohol drugs Supervisor drugs Warning signs of substance

Alcohol & drugs Supervisor (drugs)

Warning signs of substance abuse v Excessive absences/tardiness v Frequent requests for time off v Numerous accidents 1 a

Warning signs of substance abuse v Pattern of accidents v Noticeable increase in medical insurance claims 1 b

Warning signs of substance abuse v Unsatisfactory performance work v Lack of concentration/ decreased productivity after lunch/breaks v Long lunch hours 1 c

Warning signs of substance abuse v Non-work-related visits from other employees/strangers v Frequent trips to restroom/water fountain 1 d

Warning signs of substance abuse v Frequent visits to vehicle/parking lot v Drowsiness, slurred speech, lack of coordination, inability to concentrate, nausea 1 e

Warning signs of substance abuse v Agitation, rapid or slurred speech, dizziness, dilated pupils v Bloodshot eyes, runny nose v Drastic weight changes 1 f

Warning signs of substance abuse v Marked change in mood, attitude, and behavior v Deterioration in personal grooming/hygiene 1 g

Warning signs of substance abuse v Wearing sunglasses and longsleeved shirts at inappropriate times v Frequent need to borrow money v Avoidance of supervisors 1 h

Regulatory requirements v Section 382. 307 v Section 382. 603 2 a

Regulatory requirements v Suspicion must be based on specific, contemporaneous, articulable observations concerning appearance, behavior, speech, or body odors 2 b

Regulatory requirements v May include the chronic and withdrawal effects of controlled substances v Only one supervisor or company official is required to make the observations 2 c

Regulatory requirements v May require a driver to submit to a drug test at any time reasonable suspicion exists while the driver is on duty 2 d

Regulatory requirements v. A written and signed record of observations must be completed within 24 hours of the observed behavior or before the results are released, whichever is first 2 e

Symptoms of drug use v Eyes/facial v Speech expression v Body movements/coordination v Behavior v Other 3

Approaching a driver v Explain your concern v Require the driver to go for both alcohol and drug testing 4 a

Approaching a driver v Explain that based on regulations and observations that the driver must be evaluated v Explain that a short health assessment will be done 4 b

Approaching a driver v Do not allow the driver to drive v Driver should be accompanied by company official 4 c

Additional approaches/ difficult situations v Becomes defensive/denies your comments v Talks non-stop v Cries 5 a

Additional approaches/ difficult situations v Remains silent v Aggressive/belligerent v Uncooperative 5 b

Marijuana v Alters the brain’s interpretation of incoming messages 6 a

Marijuana v Leaves v Seeds v Hashish v Smells like a combination of sweet alfalfa and incense 6 b

Signs and symptoms of marijuana use v Reddened v Slowed eyes speech v Distinctive clothing odor on v Lackadaisical attitude 7 a

Signs and symptoms of marijuana use v Chronic fatigue/lack of motivation v Irritating v Chronic cough sore throat 7 b

Health effects of marijuana use v Irritates lungs v One joint = ½ to 1 pack of cigarettes v Causes the heart to race 8 a

Health effects of marijuana use v Respiratory and sinus infections v Lowers body’s immune system v Changes waves brain cells and brain 8 b

Effects of marijuana on pregnancy v Stillborn v Early births termination of pregnancy v Higher infant mortality rate v Underweight newborn babies 9

Effects of marijuana on mental function v Delayed decision making v Diminished coordination v Impaired short-term memory v Impaired signal detection 10 a

Effects of marijuana on mental function v Impaired v Erratic tracking cognitive function v Distortion v “Acute in time estimation brain syndrome” 10 b

Effects of acute use or overdose of marijuana v Aggressive urges v Anxiety v Confusion 11 a

Effects of acute use or overdose of marijuana v Fearfulness v Hallucinations v Heavy sedation 11 b

Effects of acute use or overdose of marijuana v Immobility v Mental dependency v Panic 11 c

Effects of acute use or overdose of marijuana v Paranoid reaction v Unpleasant image distortions in body 11 d

Marijuana’s impact on the workplace v Long-term effect on performance 12

Cocaine v Used medically as an anesthetic v Energizes the entire central nervous system 13 a

Cocaine v Fine powder v Small crystalline rock (“rock, crack, free base”) 13 b

Signs and symptoms of cocaine use v Financial problems v Frequent/extended absences v Increased physical activity and fatigue 14 a

Signs and symptoms of cocaine use v Isolation and withdrawal v Secretive behaviors 14 b

Signs and symptoms of cocaine use v Frequent non-business visitors, delivered packages, phone calls v Unusual defensiveness, anxiety, agitation 14 c

Signs and symptoms of cocaine use v Wide mood swings v Runny or irritated nose v Difficulty concentrating 14 d

Signs and symptoms of cocaine use v Dilated pupils and visual impairment v Restlessness v Sensation of bugs crawling on skin 14 e

Signs and symptoms of cocaine use v High blood pressure, heart palpitations, irregular rhythm v Hallucinations 14 f

Signs and symptoms of cocaine use v Hyperexcitability and overreaction to stimulus v Insomnia v Paranoia 14 g

Signs and symptoms of cocaine use v Profuse v Dry sweating mouth v Talkativeness 14 h

Health effects of cocaine use v Regular use may upset the brain’s chemical balance 15 a

Health effects of cocaine use v Causes the heart to beat faster v Strong psychological dependency 15 b

Cocaine’s impact on the workplace v Instability v Lapses in attention v Theft/dealing 16 a

Cocaine’s impact on the workplace v Violent behavior v Forgetfulness, tardiness, missed assignments absenteeism, 16 b

Opiates v Alleviate pain v Depress body functions and reactions v Strong feeling euphoric 17 a

Opiates v Opium v Morphine v Codeine v Heroin 17 b

Signs and symptoms of opiate use v Mood changes v Impaired mental functioning v Constricted pupils v Depression apathy and 18 a

Signs and symptoms of opiate use v Impaired coordination v Physical fatigue/drowsiness v Nausea, vomiting, constipation 18 b

Health effects of opiate use v Hepatitis v AIDS v Can increase pain tolerance 19

The social issues of opiate use v Over U. S. 500, 000 heroin addicts in v Even greater number obtain narcotics through prescriptions v Tolerance and dependency cause an increasing financial burden 20

The effect of opiates on the workplace v Impairment of physical and mental function 21

Amphetamines v Central nervous system stimulants v Speed up the mind and body 22 a

Amphetamines v Legal use limited to a narrow range of medical conditions v Capsules v Usually mouth taken by 22 b

Amphetamines v Methamphetamine v Powder v Taken orally, injected, or snorted 22 c

Signs and symptoms of amphetamine use v Hyperexcitability/restlessness v Dilated pupils v Increased heart rate and blood pressure 23 a

Signs and symptoms of amphetamine use v Heart beats palpitations/irregular v Profuse v Rapid sweating respiration 23 b

Signs and symptoms of amphetamine use v Confusion v Panic v Talkativeness v Inability to concentrate 23 c

Health effects of amphetamine use v Strong psychological dependence v Psychosis v Heart attack/stroke v Heart and brain damage 24 a

Health effects of amphetamine use v Impulsive v Bizarre risk-taking behavior and violent acts v Withdrawal from drug may cause severe physical and mental depression 24 b

The effect of amphetamine use on the workplace v Physical fatigue and depression makes the operation of equipment or vehicles dangerous 25

Phencyclidine (PCP) v Acts as a depressant and hallucinogen v Sometimes a stimulant acts as 26 a

Phencyclidine (PCP) v Powder v May be mixed with marijuana or tobacco and smoked 26 b

Signs and symptoms of PCP use v Impaired v Severe confusion and agitation v Extreme v Muscle coordination mood shift rigidity 27 a

Signs and symptoms of PCP use v Jerky eye movements v Dilated pupils v Profuse sweating v Rapid heartbeat v Dizziness 27 b

Health effects of PCP use v Potential for accidents and overdose emergencies high v Can cause irreversible memory loss, personality changes, and thought disorders 28

The effect of PCP on the workplace v Acute toxicity v Toxic psychosis v Drug v PCP induced schizophrenia induced depression 29