Ajzen 1991 Theory of Planned Behaviour Outcome Beliefs

Ajzen (1991) Theory of Planned Behaviour Outcome Beliefs Outcome Evaluations Normative Beliefs Motivation To comply Self-efficiency Beliefs Personal Attitude Subjective Norms Personal control beliefs Perceived external barriers Intention Likelihood of behaviour

Ajzen (1991) Theory of Planned Behaviour Personal Attitude Outcome Beliefs Personal Attitude Outcome Evaluations Normative Beliefs Subjective Norms Motivation To comply Self-efficiency Beliefs Personal control beliefs Perceived external barriers Intention Likelihood of behaviour • Outcome Beliefs – What we believe to be the outcome of taking the protective behaviour • Outcome Evaluations – How worthwhile we consider the outcome

Ajzen (1991) Theory of Planned Behaviour Subjective Norms • Normative Beliefs – What we think other people think about the behaviour eg medical staff, friends etc Outcome Beliefs Personal Attitude Outcome Evaluations Normative Beliefs Subjective Norms Motivation To comply Self-efficiency Beliefs Personal control beliefs Perceived external barriers Intention Likelihood of behaviour • Motivation to Comply – how motivated we are to act in line with others’ views eg do you value their opinion?

Ajzen (1991) Theory of Planned Behaviour Personal Control Beliefs Outcome Beliefs Personal Attitude Outcome Evaluations Normative Beliefs Subjective Norms Motivation To comply Self-efficiency Beliefs Personal control beliefs Perceived external barriers Intention Likelihood of behaviour • Self-efficacy beliefs – how confident we are we can achieve the change even in the face of barriers • Perceived external barriers – factors which might prevent us achieving our goals

Ajzen (1991) Theory of Planned Behaviour Intention Outcome Beliefs Personal Attitude Outcome Evaluations Normative Beliefs Subjective Norms Motivation To comply Self-efficiency Beliefs Personal control beliefs Perceived external barriers Intention Likelihood of behaviour Intention is made up of: PERSONAL ATTITUDE SUBJECTIVE NORMS PERSONAL CONTROL BELIEFS

Ajzen (1991) Theory of Planned Behaviour Likelihood of Behaviour Outcome Beliefs Personal Attitude Outcome Evaluations Normative Beliefs Subjective Norms Motivation To comply Self-efficiency Beliefs Personal control beliefs Perceived external barriers Intention Likelihood of behaviour is determined by Intention, but can also be determined wholly by perceived external barriers

Biomedical Model of Health & Illness • It looks at people as though they are a biological machine • If something is going wrong we need to fix the machine the way we might fix a car

Biomedical Model of Health & Illness Reductionism the model tries to reduce explanations of illness to the simplest possible process – if there is a biological problem it won’t then look at any other factors which could contribute

Biomedical Model of Health & Illness Single Factor Causes The biomedical model looks for THE cause of a disorder rather than looking for a range of contributory factors.

Biomedical Model of Health & Illness Mind-body Distinction Western science has made a distinction between the mind and body. It sees people as split into two parts: body & soul, or ghost & machine

Biomedical Model of Health & Illness not Health ‘If it aint broke don’t fix it’ is the idea behind the biomedical model. It deals with the development of illness rather than the promotion of good health.

The Biopsychosocial Model Ecological Systems Social Systems Biosphere Life forms Human beings Nation Culture Family Psychological Systems Cognition Emotion Behaviour Biological Systems Organs Tissue Cells Physical Systems Molecules Atoms Subatomic Particles

The Biopsychosocial Model I am a living biological being with thoughts and feelings. I am influenced by the way I was brought up, the country I live in, the way I process information, the way my body deals with illness and who I know. All these things affect my health.