Airtoair conditioners and heat pumps UNEP Workshop on

Introduction Types of air conditioners Sectors and alternatives Use in existing systems High ambient

Introduction AC, chillers and heat pumps Chillers Heating only heat pumps Positive displace Centrifug

Options for new equipment high GWP (>1000) HFC-134 a, R-407 C, R-410 A medium

Small factory sealed AC 2½– 5 k. W 1 k W 1000 ½– 1

Non-ducted single split AC 3– 7 k. W 1 k W 1000 1 –

Ducted split AC 20 – 200 k. W 1 k W 1000 5 –

Packaged “rooftop” ducted AC 20– 100 k. W 1 k W 1000 5 –

Multi-split systems 10 – 150 k. W 1 k W 1000 4 – 60

Chillers 10 – 1000 k. W; 1 -5 MW 1 k W 1000 4

Heating only heat pumps 8 – 200 k. W 1 k W 1000 2

Options for existing equipment Existing refrigerant “Drop-in” Existing equipment Retrofit Conversion

High ambient considerations Good performance 22 290 1234 y f 161 152 a Lots

Main hurdles More, thorough training, formalisation of service sectors Selection, design and installation can

Thank you for your attention! Dr Daniel Colbourne d. colbourne@re-phridge. co. uk Prof. Roberto

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Air-to-air conditioners and heat pumps UNEP Workshop on hydrofluorocarbons (HFC) Management UNCC, Bangkok, 20 th – 21 st April 2015 Dr Daniel Colbourne d. colbourne@re-phridge. co. uk Prof. Roberto Peixoto robertopeixoto@maua. br

Introduction Types of air conditioners Sectors and alternatives Use in existing systems High ambient issues Hurdles

Introduction AC, chillers and heat pumps Chillers Heating only heat pumps Positive displace Centrifug al Air-to-air ACs and HPs Factory sealed Split type Ducted split Nonducted single split Multisplit Packaged rooftop Small self contained Residenti al VRF Portable Commerc ial Residenti al Window/ PTAC/ TTW

Options for new equipment high GWP (>1000) HFC-134 a, R-407 C, R-410 A medium GWP (300 – 1000) HFC-32, R-444 B, R-446 A, R 447 A, … etc low GWP (<300) HFC-152 a, HFC-161, HFC-1234 yf, HFC 1234 ze(E), HCFC-1233 zd, R-744, HC-290, HC-1270

Small factory sealed AC 2½– 5 k. W 1 k W 1000 ½– 1 kg R 22 R 410 A, R 407 C, R 290 , R 32, R 444 B, R 446 A, R 447 A,

Non-ducted single split AC 3– 7 k. W 1 k W 1000 1 – 1½ kg R 22 R 410 A, R 407 C, R 290, R 32 R 290 , R 32, R 444 B, R 446 A, R 447 A,

Ducted split AC 20 – 200 k. W 1 k W 1000 5 – 50 kg R 22 R 410 A, R 407 C, R 744 , R 32, R 444 B, R 446 A, R 447 A, etc

Packaged “rooftop” ducted AC 20– 100 k. W 1 k W 1000 5 – 30 kg R 22 R 410 A, R 407 C, R 134 a, R 744, R 290, R 32, R 444 B, R 446 A, R 447 A,

Multi-split systems 10 – 150 k. W 1 k W 1000 4 – 60 kg R 22 R 410 A, R 407 C R 32, R 444 B, R 446 A, R 447 A, etc (R 290)

Chillers 10 – 1000 k. W; 1 -5 MW 1 k W 1000 4 – 300 kg; 0. 5 -2. 5 Mt R 22, R 123 Alternative technology: absorption Cogeneration/trigeneration R 410 A, R 407 C, R 290, R 1270, R 744, R 717, R 1233 zd, R 1234 ze R 717, R 744, R 290, R 1270, R 1234 ze, R 1233 zd, R 1234 yf, R 32, R 444 B, R 446 A,

Heating only heat pumps 8 – 200 k. W 1 k W 1000 2 – 50 kg R 22 R 410 A, R 407 C, R 404 A, R 134 a, R 290, R 600 a, R 744, R 290, R 1270, R 600, R 1234 ze, R 1234 yf, R 32,

Options for existing equipment Existing refrigerant “Drop-in” Existing equipment Retrofit Conversion

High ambient considerations Good performance 22 290 1234 y f 161 152 a Lots of data 1270 446 A 447 A 32 410 A 444 B 744 Absence of data Poor performance

Main hurdles More, thorough training, formalisation of service sectors Selection, design and installation can be more complicated Lack of knowledge (flammability, high pressure) Standards organisations to ease efforts to revise Obstructive safety standards Disparate national regulations and codes National actions to revise regulations

Thank you for your attention! Dr Daniel Colbourne d. colbourne@re-phridge. co. uk Prof. Roberto Peixoto robertopeixoto@maua. br