Aircraft parts 1 st Lt Jitka Mllerov Aircraft

Aircraft parts 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová

Aircraft parts Outline • What is it an aircraft? Basic sorting • Types of aircraft classification • Basic parts • Helicopters 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 2

Definition of aircraft = machine, which is able to fly in the air using lift and/or thrust of engine; Lighter than air – aerostats balloon, airship=dirigible, sky lanterns; Heavier than air – aerodynes (fixed vs. movable ) - nonpowered(kites, paragliders, hang-gliders, ) - powered (racket, hang-glider, airplanes, helicopters, autogyro) 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 3

Classification of aircraft • • • Fighter Bomber Ground attack Transport Tanker Trainer Helicopter Medical Agriculture 9/25/2021 Speed limits: • Supersonic • Transonic • Subsonic Crew: • Single-seat • Two-seat 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 4

Basic parts 5 main sections: • • • Wings Fuselage Power unit Undercarriage Control surfaces 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 5

Wings 1/2 1. Winglet 2. Low Speed Aileron 3. High Speed Aileron 4. Flap track fairing 5. Krüger flaps 6. Slats 7. Three slotted inner flaps 8. Three slotted outer flaps 9. Spoilers 10. Spoilers-Air brakes 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 6

Wings 2/2 Main distinguishing features: • Wing number • Wing position • Wing shape 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 7

Wing number Monoplane Biplane Triplane 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 8

Wing position • Low wing • Mid wing • High wing 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 9

Wing shape • Rectangular • Tapered • Double tapered • Swept • Delta 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 10

Fuselage 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 11

Power unit 1/4 = provides thrust needed to propel the aircraft in the air and on the ground • • Piston (propeller) engine Turboprop (propeller turbine) engine Jet (turbine) engine Turbofan engine 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 12

Power unit 2/4 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 13

Power unit 3/4 On the wings On the wing pylons Close to the fuselage 9/25/2021 Rear mounted 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 14

Power unit 4/4 Single engine Twin engine Triple engine Multiple engine 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 15

Undercarriage =landing gear (fixed vs. retractable) Consists of: • Main landing gear • Nose wheel and/or tail wheel Used for: manoeuvring during taxi, take-off and landing 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 16

Control surfaces 1/2 = components for stearing aircraft • Ailerons • Elevators • Rudder Controls: Control stick (yoke), rudder pedals 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 17

Control surfaces 2/2 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 18

Helicopters • • • Stearing helicopter Functions: Attack helicopters • Cyclic Reconnaissance and surveilance • Collective CAS • Anti-torque pedals Search and rescue • Throttle Operating under low conditions Construction Firefighting Medical transport Law enforcement News and media 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 19

Helicopter rotors Main rotor + tail rotor Main rotor + anti torque controls 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová Tandem rotors Coaxial rotor 20

Sources [1] [2] JANOUŠ, Ivan a Theodore MIKRUT. English for IFR pilots: Učebnice anglického jazyka pro kvalifikaci IFR. Premisa, 1995. Air Operational English Course: Module 1 Aircraft and airfield terminology. [3] https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Main_Page [4] https: //cs. wikipedia. org/wiki/Hlavn%C 3%AD_strana 9/25/2021 1 st Lt. Jitka Müllerová 21

Thank you for your attention! Questions?