AIRCRAFT AND ITS PARTS CAPT STANISLAV HOFMAN UO

AIRCRAFT AND ITS PARTS CAPT. STANISLAV HOFMAN UO BRNO 2015

Aircraft dividing � Lightier than air - is characterized by one or more large gasbags, -filled with a low-density gas such as helium, hydrogen or hot air - Hot-air balloons - Airship (zeppelin) � Heavier than air - need to produce aerodynamical force for their motion in the air - Airplanes - fixed wing aircraft - Helicopter, Chopper - with rotor

Aerodynamic forces

�Thrust - create by power of engine �Drag - depends on airplane shape, resists against motion �Lift - create due to pressure balance on the wing �Weight - caused by gravity

Aircraft purpose � Trainer � Transport aircraft � Combat – tanker, bomber, military helicopter, fighter � Medical – helicopter � Sport – ultralight, glider, paraglide Speeds of aircraft Subsonic. . . . IAS<1 Mach level Transonic. . . IAS = 1 Mach level Supersonic. . IAS>1 Mach level Hypersonic…. IAS>5 Mach level

Example of military purpose FIGHTER – used to fight other aircraft in the air BOMBER – drops bombs GROUND ATTACK – attacks targets on the ground TRANSPORT– used to carry large quantities of supplies or people TRAINER – to learn student pilots to fly TANKER – used to refuel other aircraft in the air HELICOPTER– a vertical take-off aircraft , ground support

� High-wing, mid-wing, low-wing aircraft � Single, twin, triple or multiple - engined aircraft � Monoplane, biplane, triplane etc.

Aircraft structure � 1) Wings � 2) Fuselage � 3) Power unit � 4) Landing gear � 5) Control surfaces

1) Wings �Designed to generate lift �Starboard wing/port wing �Leading edge/ trailing edge �Control surfaces - WINGS-Ailerons - VERT. STAB. -Rudder - HORIZ. STAB. -Elevators

2) Fuselage Seats, overhead compartment Cockpit, windshield Toilets, galley, wardrobe Portholes Passenger cabin Technical compartment Exits Cargo (baggage) compartment Empennage, tail unit

3) Power unit �Turboprop engine �Jet engine

3) Power unit On the wings Close to the fuselage On the wing pylons Rear mounted

4) Landing gear � Fixed/retractable � Nose gear � Right and left main gear � Tail wheel undercarriage bay undercarriage door undercarriage leg tires � Retracting mechanism � Shock absorbers

5) Control surfaces

Airliner Act Aircraft Airplane Drag Lift Thrust Weight Aileron Elevator Rudder Fin Vertical stabilizer Horizontal stabilizer Fuselage Bomber Fighter Trainer Porthole Baggage compartement Cargo compartment Spar - dopravní letadlo - působit - letadlo - letoun - odpor - vztlak - tah - tíha - křidélko - vyškové kormidlo - směrové kormidlo - kýlová plocha - Svislá stabilizační plocha - Vodorovná stabilizační plocha - trup - bombardovací letoun - stíhací letoun - cvičný letoun - okénko - zavazadlový prostor - nákladový prostor - nosník

Subsonic Transonic Supersonic Hypersonic Starboard wing Port wing Landing gear Undercarriadge bay Undercarriadge door Undercarriedge leg Control stick Rolling or Banking Yawing Pitching Climbing Diving or Descending - podzvuková - těsně podzvuková - nadzvuková - vysoce nadzvuková - pravé křídlo - levé křídlo - podvozek - podvozková gondola - podvozková dvířka - podvozková noha - řídící páka - klonění - zatáčení - klopení - stoupání - klesání

Thank you for your attention! QUESTIONS?