AIR POLLUTION What is AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION

AIR POLLUTION

What is AIR POLLUTION? AIR POLLUTION affects many aspect such as; ØHealth ØEnvironment ØDestroys living organisms ØEconomic status

short-term or long-term adverse effect. Based on research; • Around 3 billion people cook and heat their homes using open fires and leaky stoves burning biomass (wood, animal dung and crop waste) and coal. • Nearly 2 million people die prematurely from illness attributable to indoor air pollution from household solid fuel use. • Nearly 50% of pneumonia deaths among children under five are due to particulate matter inhaled from indoor air pollution. • More than 1 million people a year die from chronic obstructive respiratory disease (COPD) that develops due to exposure to such indoor air pollution. • Both women and men exposed to heavy indoor smoke are 2 -3 times more likely to develop COPD.

Causes of air pollution ØNITROGEN OXIDES ØTOXIC ORGANIC ØMICRO-POLLUTANTS ØVOCS OR VOSS ØCARBON MONOXIDES ØBENZENE ØFINE PARTICLES ØBUTADIENE ØOZONE AND VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ØLEAD AND HEAVY METALS Ø SULFUR DIOXIDE

PRIMARY MECHANISM OF AIR POLLUTION ØFormation of VOC through evaporation and incomplete combustion. ØBiological generation of VOC. ØFormation of liquid aerosol droplets through shear and turbulence related processes, from cooking and household solvent based cleaners. ØAnthropomorphic generation of particulate aerosol.

ØBiological formation of particulate aerosols through decomposition and spore formation. ØParticulate aerosol floral and weather based phenomenamation from geologic. SECONDARY MECHANISM OF AIR POLLUTION Ø Condensation -- Liquid aerosol droplet formation due to condensation of gaseous phase components.

ØAdsorption -- Adsorption of gaseous phase and liquid aerosol components onto particulate surfaces, resulting in particulate aerosols with modified surfaces from adsorption of organic compounds and hydrous inorganic phases. ØNucleation -- Liquid aerosol formation through precipitation onto micro particulate nucleation sites.

EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION Along with harming human health, air pollution cause a variety of environmental effects: ØACID RAIN ØEUTROPHICATION ØHAZE ØEFFECTS ON WILDLIFE. ØOZONE DEPLETION. ØCROP AND FOREST DAMAGE ØGLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE.

AIR POLLUTION IMPACTS TO ENVIRONMENT AND PEOPLE: Pollutant Source Health Ozone (O 3) Action of sunlight on NO 2, Asthma ; Bronchitis ; Irritation to the eyes and mucous membranes ; Headaches ; Nose & throat irritation Lead Transportation Industry Reduced birth weight and lowered intelligence Carbon dioxide Burning of fossil fuels Combustion in motor vehicles Headaches Asphyxiation Impairment of performance on tasks requiring attention Aggravation of cardiovascular disease Enhances global warming Suspended particles Burning of fossil fuels, untarred roads, mining dust and agriculture Damage to lung tissues causing respiratory disease HC's

Sulphur dioxide Burning of fossil fuels (coal) Causes constriction of the airways in people with asthma, repeated exposure causes a condition similar to bronchitis. Increased risk of acute respiratory disease Causes acid rain Nitrogen dioxide Burning of fossil fuels especially motor vehicles Can irritate the lungs, aggravate the condition of people suffering from asthma or chronic bronchitis Hydrocarbons Vehicles and inudstrial processes Can cause some defects in babies during pregnancy or cancer. Precursor to photochemical smog, which causes respiratory diseases Carbon monoxide Vehicle emissions Restricts oxygen uptake Causes drowsiness, headaches, death

MITIGATION OF AIR POLLUTION ØAIR POLLUTION CONTROL ACT OF 1995 was the first United States Clean Air Act enacted by Congress to address the national environment problem of air pollution on July 14, 1995.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Ø Air Pollution is not a huge problem for every country if we are responsible for our own acts. Ø Air pollution can trigger us into danger, especially our health and environment.

FIVE STEPS TO CLEAN UP: 1. Clean up coal-fired power plant 2. Strengthen ozone air standards voluntarily 3. Clean up oceangoing vessels 4. Improve the pollution-monitoring network 5. Enforce the law

THANK YOU!!! ^_^ PREPARED BY: MARY JOY B. ESTILLORE ODESSA L. CAMPEON