Air pollution is caused by emissions of particulate

Air pollution is caused by emissions of particulate matter and harmful gases. the most common air pollutants are: Ø Suspended particulates Ø Sulphur dioxide (SO 2) Ø Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) Ø Carbon monoxide (CO) Ø Ozone Ø Lead (Pb) Ø hydrocarbons

Air pollutants from natural sources -The volcano produce sulphur dioxide. Biological process also produce air pollution e. g. Digestion in cow produce large amount of methane. Air pollutants from human activities -The main cause is the burning of fossil fuels by motor vehicle, industries and power stations.

Air pollution is a concern of everybody since it may cause discomfort and adverse health effects. Children, elderly and those who have heart or lung problems suffer the most when the air around then is polluted.

• The most stringent vehicle fuel and emission standards. • Looking for clean alternatives to diesel vehicle

• Vehicle emission are the major source of air pollution.

• Preparatory work is undertaken to introduce a more advanced vehicle smoke.

• To present their vehicles for testing at designated centers.

• The specified process control program has achieved an 80% reduction in pollution emissions by industry. • The number of complaints against dark smoke emission from industrial sources has been reduced by about 30%

• The sulphur dioxide level in industrial areas have 4 been reduced significantly and maintained at level well below the Air Quality Objective target • Nuisances arising from open burning activities have been reduced

Pollution effect Black smoke source 1. nuisance 1. vehicle 2. visibility 2. industry impairment 3. buses 3. soiling 4. restaurants 4. cause the 5. power cancer station

Pollution effect source Carbon 1. visual 1. vehicle monoxide impairment 2. industry 2. reduce metal 3. power function and station poor learning 4. aircraft ability 3. people suffer from heart and circulatory problems dizziness and fainting

Pollution effect Sulphur dioxide, 1. Cause irritation nitrogen dioxide to lung and eyes and station environment 3. Marine problems vessels 2. Dissolve in rain, make acid rain sources 1. Vehicles 2. Power

1. Carbon dioxide: From smoke and exhaust fume. Carbon dioxide on the earth’s surface traps heat 1. From the sun: A thicker layer of carbon dioxide increase the temperature in the earth. The is called GREENHOUSE EFFECT.

A) Control of Emissions from Stationary Sources • Improved smoke emission standards; • introduction of cleaner industrial fuel with lower sulphur content; • control of dust emissions from construction activities.

B) Control of Emissions from Motor Vehicles • stringent vehicle emission and fuel standards; • strengthened emission inspection; • strengthened enforcement against smoky vehicles; • and education and publicity.

On the road Make maximum use of mass public transport avoid travel by car Benefits- Reduces the emissions of nitrogen oxides and particulates from road vehicles Maintain your car engine keep your car engine properly tuned. Benefits- Saves fuel, money and air pollution.

At home Switch off domestic appliances turn off fans, air-conditioners lights, etc. when not required Benefits- Saves energy, money and air pollution from power stations

Industry Use low solvent degreasers use low solvent degreasers in the cleaning of oils, grease, or from metal during metal finishing process. Benefits- Reduces the emissions of volatile organic compounds which helps reduce the formation of ozone.