Air Law 1 06 ATC Flight Planning and

Air Law 1. 06 ATC, Flight Planning, and Rules of the Air References: TC AIM CARs FTGU Pages 108 -113,

1. 06 ATC, Flight Planning, and Rules of the Air • MTPs: – Air Traffic Control – Clearances and Instructions – Flight Plans and Itineraries – Right of Way – Rules of the Air

Air Traffic Control (ATC) Unit: • area control centre established to provide ATC service to: – IFR and controlled VFR (CVFR) flights – IFR flights and CVFR flights operating within a control area – airport traffic as the circumstances require

Air Traffic Control: • Job is to prevent collisions between: • Aircraft • a/c and obstructions • a/c and vehicles on the maneuvering area – and expediting and maintaining an orderly flow of air traffic

Clearances and Instructions • Air Traffic Control Clearance: – Authorization by an ATC unit for an a/c to proceed within controlled airspace under specified conditions – Once accepted, it must be executed unless you make alternate arrangements “YOU MAY” • Air Traffic Control Instruction: – A directive issued by an ATC unit for ATC purposes “YOU MUST”

Flight Plans and Itineraries Flight Plan: Flight Itinerary: Filed with an ATC or FIC Versus Provides cross country route information as well as A/C specific details that would aid in search and rescue efforts Search and rescue notified after 1 hour overdue Less formal than the Flight Plan Filed with a responsible person Search and rescue notified after 24 hrs overdue

Flight Plans and Itineraries

Flight Plans and Itineraries • Arrival Reports: –Contents of an arrival report for a flight plan or flight itinerary shall include: • type of flight plan or flight itinerary • the departure aerodrome • the arrival aerodrome • the date and time of arrival

Confirmation • What is the difference between an ATC instruction and clearance? A directive issued by an ATC unit for ATC purposes Instruction: Authorization by an ATC unit for an a/c to proceed within Clearance: controlled airspace under specified conditions • Fill in the blanks: Flight Itinerary __________ is filed with a responsible person. Flight Plan __________ is filed with an ATC or an FIC.

Right of Way – If there is risk of collision, the pilot in command (PIC) with right of way must take action to avoid it – Aircraft with emergency has the right of way

Right of Way • Right of Way: order of priority – Powered aircraft give way to airships, gliders and balloons; – Airships give way to gliders and balloons; – Gliders give way to balloons; and – Powered aircraft give way to aircraft that are towing objects or carrying a slung load

Right of Way Scenario #1: Two aircraft converging at the same altitude: • Aircraft with other on its right gives way

Right of Way Scenario #2: two aircraft are approaching head-on both shall divert course to the right

Right of Way • Scenario #3: When 2 aircraft are coming in to land, the faster one will give way to the slower one

Right of Way • Scenario #4: When 2 aircraft are coming in to land, the higher one will give way to the lower one • However…. Lower aircraft shall not overtake or cut in front of higher aircraft that is in the final stages of approach

Confirmation • Who has right of way when 2 aircraft are at the same altitude? The aircraft that has the other on its right shall give way • If heading straight on to another aircraft, which way shall you both turn? Both aircraft alter their heading to the right • When landing, which aircraft has the right of way? The lower and/or the slower aircraft has the right of way

Rules of the Air 1: Aircraft overtaking another aircraft shall pass on the right (unless ridge soaring: on the inside) – An aircraft in flight or manoeuvring on the surface must give way to an aircraft that is landing – Do not pass over or under, or cross ahead of, another aircraft if you are not far enough away to not create a risk of collision

Rules of the Air 2: Dropping of Objects: – No person shall create a hazard to persons or property on the surface by dropping an object from an aircraft in flight

Rules of the Air 3: Minimum altitudes • Over built up areas, an aircraft must remain 1000’ above and 2000’ from an obstacle 1000’ 2000’ – (except for take off and landing) • Over rural areas, an aircraft must remain 500’ from an obstacle – (except for take off and landing) 500’

Rules of the Air Exceptions to minimum altitudes: – – for the purpose of a police operation for the purpose of saving human life for the purpose of fighting forest fires for the purpose of flight training when a qualified instructor is onboard

Rules of the Air 4. Formation Flying: – No person shall operate an aircraft in formation with other aircraft except by pre-arrangement between the PICs; or – where the flight is conducted within a control zone, between PICs and the appropriate ATC unit

Rules of the Air 5. Aerobatics shall not be conducted: – Over a built up area or an open assembly of people – In controlled airspace except with a special flight operations certificate – When visibility is less than 3 miles – Below 2000’ AGL except in accordance with special flight operations certificate

Rules of the Air • Aerobatics: – Aerobatics shall not be conducted with passengers on board unless the PIC has: • 10 hours of aerobatic instruction or 20 hours conducting aerobatics • At least one hour of conducting aerobatic manoeuvres in the last 6 months

Confirmation 1000’ 2000’ 1. Fill in the missing distances. 2. What do you need to do before you can fly in formation? pre-arrangement between the PICs and ATC 3. When can you go below the minimum altitudes? 500’ for the purpose of a police operation, saving human life, fighting forest fires, flight training when a qualified instructor is onboard 4. What requirements must you meet to fly aerobatics? Aerobatics shall not be conducted with passengers on board unless the PIC has: 10 hours of aerobatic instruction or 20 hours conducting aerobatics At least one hour of conducting aerobatic manoeuvres in the last 6 months

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