Air Law 1 02 VFR Flight Conditions References

Air Law 1. 02 VFR Flight Conditions References: FTGU page 115 Canadian Aviation Regulations

1. 02 VFR Flight Conditions • MTPs: – Terminology – Minimum Visual Meteorological Conditions for VFR Flight in Controlled Airspace – Minimum Visual Meteorological Conditions for VFR Flight in Uncontrolled Airspace – Day VFR instruments

Terminology • Visual Flight Rules (VFR): – The rules which apply when flying by means of visual reference to the ground

Terminology • Instrument Flight Rules (IFR): – The rules which apply when flying by means of reference to the instruments in the cockpit

Terminology • Special VFR Rules (SVFR): – The rules for operating in weather conditions that are less than VFR within a control zone where some aircraft are permitted flight under visual flight rules

Terminology • Visibility – The ability, as determined by atmospheric conditions and expressed in units of distance, to see and identify prominent unlighted objects by day and prominent lighted objects by night

Ceiling • The lowest height at which a broken or overcast condition exists; or…

Ceiling • The vertical visibility when an obscured condition such as snow, smoke, or fog exists (500’ in this example)

Terminology • Flight Visibility – The average range of visibility at any given time forward from the cockpit of an aircraft in flight • Ground Visibility – The visibility at an aerodrome as contained in a weather observation reported by: ATC unit, FSS, AWOS

Terminology • Day or Daylight – TC definition: the time between the beginning of morning civil twilight and the end of evening civil twilight • Night – TC definition: the time between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight

Minimum VFR conditions

Minimum VFR conditions

Minimum VFR Conditions Airspace Flight Visibility Distance From Cloud Distance AGL Control Zones and Aerodrome Traffic Not less than 3 miles Horizontally 1 mile Vertically 500 feet Other Controlled Airspace Not less than 3 miles Horizontally 1 mile Vertically 500 feet Uncontrolled Airspace 1000’ AGL or above Not less than 1 mile (day) 3 miles (night) Horizontally 2000’ Vertically 500’ Uncontrolled airspace 1000’ AGL or below` Not less than 2 miles (day) or 3 miles (night) Clear of cloud

Minimum VFR Conditions • Memory Tool (For daytime) – just remember the numbers • 3 1 5 : In a control zone – 3 sm visibility, 1 sm from cloud, 500’ above/below cloud • 1 2 5 : Uncontrolled Above 1000’ – 1 sm visibility, 2000’ from cloud, 500’ above/below cloud • 2 C : Uncontrolled Below 1000’ – 2 sm visibility, remain clear of cloud

VFR Instruments • No person shall operate a glider in day VFR flight unless it is equipped with: – Altimeter – Airspeed indicator – Magnetic compass or magnetic direction indicator – Two-way radio with selectable frequency (if in controlled airspace)

Confirmation Fill in the boxes VFR stands for _______

Confirmation Fill in the boxes IFR stands for _______

Disturbed Cloud Layer