AIM What were the characteristics of the Ottoman

AIM: What were the characteristics of the Ottoman and Safavid Empires? Do Now: Write down some things you already know about the Ottoman and Safavid empire.

Ottoman Empire

Expanding the Ottoman Empire ● Ottomans were Turkish speaking nomadic tribe o Migrated from Central Asia into northwestern Asia Minor ● 1300’s expanded across Asia Minor and into southern Europe o established capital in the Balkin Peninsula

Suleiman ● “Suleiman the Magnificent” o Known by his people as the “lawgiver” ● Ruled from 1520 -1566 ● He expanded the Ottoman Empire eastward into Mesopotamia

Ottoman Culture ● Social Organization ○ Four classes ■ “men of the pen” (scientists, lawyers, judges, and poets) ■ “men of the sword” (soldiers) ■ “men of negotiation” (merchants, tax collectors, artisans) ■ “men of husbandry” (farmers and herders)

Ottoman Culture ● The Ottomans ruled diverse people who had many religions ● Men of the “sword” and “pen” were mostly Muslims. ● Non Muslims were organized into millets. ● Greek Christians, Armenian Christians and Jews

Decline ● By the 1700’s the european advances were leaving the Ottoman behind ● While europe passed ahead the Ottoman Empire stayed dependent on agriculture ● Russia and other European powers chipped away at Ottoman land ● Local rulers in North Africa and elsewhere broke away from Ottoman control

The Safavid Empire

Safavid Empire ● Safavid Empire lasted 1501 -1722 ● Shalh Ismail began the empire ● Safavid Dynasty united a strong empire in Persia, present day Iran. ● Ruled one of the greatest Persian Empires after the Muslim conquest of Persia.

Safavid Empire & it’s Religion ● Mughal India, Ottoman Empire, and the Safavids engaged in a frequent warfare. ● Religion played a major role in the conflict. ● The Safavids were Shiite Muslims. ● They had a theocracy. ● Enforced their beliefs throughout their empire.

Shah Abbas ● “Abbas the Great” 1502 -1736 ● Third son of Shah Mohammad Khodabanda ● 5 th Safavid King ● Considered the greatest ruler of the Safavid Dynasty ● Centralized the government and created a powerful military ● Created capital at Isfahan

Safavid Art & Architecture ● The Safavids made Iran a center of art, architecture, poetry, and philosophy ● The Imperial Mosque, Masjid-e Shah, the Imam mosque, and the Royal Palace were constructed under Shah Abbas' rule ● Safavid art includes miniature painting, bookbinding, decoration, calligraphy, tile making, pottery, and textiles.

Decline ● By 1500, Islam had become the dominant faith across a large part of the world o From west Africa to Southern Asia o Three large states dominated the Muslim world in 1500 -Pressure from Ottoman Armies -Shiite Scholars challenged the authority of the shah -persecution of religious minorities -Rebellion of the Sunni Afghans -Defeated imperial armies -Captured Isfahan -forced last safavid ruler to abdicate in 1772

https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ekhwu. Gykzi 4

Gallery Walk Rotate around the room with a partner, read the documents and answer the questions that follow in your notebook.