AIM Was Lenin a hero or enemy to

AIM: Was Lenin a hero or enemy to the Russian people? DO NOW: • Review – What factors contributed to causing the Russian Rev? List (see pps 11 – 16 ) HW: • Complete Pages 32 - 34 in packet • Quiz Wed on Russian Rev

March Revolution Type of Government Before Abdication of the Czar Absolute Ruler/ Autocracy Ruler/ How they came to power Alexander Kerensky Losses in WWI, Czar is viewed as weak, dislike Problems with the wife, upset with Rasputin’s influence, Bread Riots, ruler Soldiers refuse to fire upon the people, Workers and soldiers unite Type of Provisional Government formed by the Duma – Government democracy, some policies are unpopular/ Established moderate, many want more changes Class System 98% poor, peasants or city workers

Page 20 1. What are the symbols being used by the artist? 2. What is the message the cartoon is conveying?

November Revolution AKA Bolshevik Revolution Type of Government before Ruler/ How they came to power Problems with the ruler Type of Government Established Class System Democracy Lenin – promises PEACE, LAND, BREAD, ** Storm Winter Palace overthrow Prov. Gov. and starts civil war w/ Bolsheviks (political party suppt. by workers, peasants, soldiers) & Red Guards ( factory workers) Decision to stay in WWI, Russia has no democratic tradition, Goals of the Prov. Gvt unclear, War shortages, problems lead to rise of Bolshevik Communist Dictatorship – est. USSR in 1922 (not Russia), Totalitarian Government – New Symbol – Hammer and sickle Government control over all means of production Communism brings equality/ classless society

• To deal w/ new government and counter revolutionaries Lenin creates the Cheka & Use of Red Terror • Page 27 & p. 30 • https: //www. youtu be. com/watch? v=xr Z 3 d. Jiy. Kp. U Civil War

Lenin’s Changes • Use cheka (secret police) • Carries out reign of terror • Wins civil war between Reds v. Whites • Kills royal family Hammer and Sickle

Civil War ensures between. . . • Page 29 § Reds- Bolsheviks/Communists § Whites- Czarist supporters Click for video. . LENIN

Civil War Reds vs. Whites • • WHITES Kings supporters Allies Rich, nobles • • • REDS Bolsheviks Army Workers Peasants

Treaty of Brest Litvosk – page 28 PEACE -

Treaty of Brest Litovsk P E A C E

Gives them LAND, PEACE, BREAD LENIN • Peace – Treaty of Brest Litvosk • Land – peasants seize land from rich • Bread – rationing plan New Symbol: • hammer & sickle • Civil War: – Reds- Bolsheviks/Communists – Whites- Czarist supporters • War Communism- Total state control • Cheka- secret police • USSR 1922 - no longer Russia

Communism vs. Capitalism • Private ownership • Social Class system (rich, poor, etc) • Supply and demand • Laissez faire • Communism • Command Economy • Everything is owned by the state in the name of the people • All goods are distributed equally

AIM: Who was a better leader: Lenin or Stalin? How did they gain, maintain, and consolidate power? DO NOW: • • Take out HW p. 32 – 34 How did Lenin gain, maintain and consolidate power? Homework: • QUIZ Wednesday - Russian Revolution (25 Multiple Choice) Study Chapt 28 Section 1 – 3!!!!

LAND/BREAD • Lenin est. War Communism to deal w/ shortages • - Page 30 - 31 • What was war communism? • How effective was it in dealing with the problems?

War Communism was not successful, so Lenin tries something new. . . NEP ( New Economic Policy) Page 32 – 33 Read/watch video and answer questions. . . Why did he start it? How was it different than war communism? How successful was it?

Lenin’s Economic Changes • War Communism: nationalized all businesses. All is confiscated • Results in. . • New Economic Policy • A little capitalism/ free market to solve shortages • Results in…

Lenin’s Funeral

STALIN Rules the USSR from 1925 1953 How does Josef Stalin gain, consolidate and maintain power? Click for Video

Who should succeed Lenin? • Who were the leading candidates? • How did Stalin eliminate competition? p. 39

Page 35 - Totalitarianism How would our life be different? ? • One party dictatorship • Government controls EVERY (Political, Social & Economic) aspect of peoples lives! • Use of Propaganda, secret police, censorship

Use of Propaganda to control the people p. 40 p. 36, start at 12: 55

Stalin – 5 year plans p. 41 When he comes into power he has 2 GOALS: • - unify people under communism • Modernize and become a world power • Command Economy/5 Year Plans p. 41 • Were the successful?

5 YEAR PLANS • Economic program to increase agriculture and industry • Results? • It is a success and a failure. • SUCCESS – Production goes up • FAILURE - quantity not quality, no consumer goods,

Collectivization p. 42 - 43 • What was collectivization? • How did it affect peasants? • Was it successful?

Collectivization of Agriculture Increase agricultural production – est. collectives • COLLECTIVE: - large farms owned and operated by peasants as a group • KULAKS: - wealthy peasants opposed to collectives • EFFECTS: - still not enough food - Forced Famine Ukraine

REIGN OF TERROR Page 44 • THE GREAT PURGE 1930’s: - get rid of opposition (army, intelligentsia, kulaks) - sent to gulags (slave labor camps) - Killed more people then Hitler. Click to see video

Postcard, 1917. Soldiers with sign stating, "Watches of gold and silver. "

New postcard, 1917. Same photo, but signboard is replaced with slogans

• Trotsky readin g Pravda

Lenin and Trotsky celebrate the second anniversary of the Russian Revoloution in Red Square.

Lenin Celebrates, but Trotsky has been airbrushed out.

Stalin with Nikolai Yezhov.

Klustis photomontage with people "cut out" of original image.

Stalin Red Terror • Watch the video and answer the questions p. 49

THINK…. • Who do you think had a greater impact on Russia, Lenin or Stalin? Why?