Aim How effective was the Congress of Vienna
- Slides: 21
Aim: How effective was the Congress of Vienna in “Turning Back the Clock of Europe”? How did the French Revolution inspire nationalism in Latin America? DO NOW: 1. Was Napoleon a hero or an enemy to the revolution? – Debrief HW HOMEWORK: • Study Test Wednesday on French Revolution • *EC Due Friday • Meet in Step II Lab Thursday and Friday 11/29/2020
What were some of the effects of the French Revolution ? • Page 101, 102, 103 11/29/2020
Can you turn back the clock? 11/29/2020
France After Napoleon • 1814 - Louis XVIII ( Louis Brother ) • 1824 - Charles X • 1830 - After the July Rev, Charles X abdicates, & cousin Louis Phillipe chosen to rule as constitutional monarch • 1848 - After another rev, Louis Phillipe abdicates & 2 nd Republic with Socialist Leader Louis Blanc takes over • Dec 1848 - 1 st election under new constitution, made Louis Napoleon ( Napoleon’s nephew ) president 11/29/2020
Europe Before and After Napoleon Page 96 & 98 – What changes do you notice?
Congress of Vienna p. 98 • 1815 – Major Powers Meet: France, Russia, Britain, Prussia & Austria to create a plan for peace and stability in Europe • Goal: Prevent danger of political upheaval and war in Europe • Reset to pre-Napoleon era
Prince Metternich of Austria • Facilitator of Meeting • “Status Quo” • Reactionary: - a person who wishes to return to previous conditions, conservative
Decisions based upon principles of: Legitimacy: • restore ruling families that reigned before French Revolution (Bourbon Dynasty restored in France & Spain) Balance of Power: • no one nation should be strong enough to threaten the security of others. (no major war for 40 years, till 1914) Compensation: • nations that helped to defeat Napoleon are repaid 11/29/2020
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What is nationalism? Page 103
Page 107 See Identify at least two things you see in the maps to the left. . Think What might have caused the changes in the maps from 1790 to 1828? Wonder What questions do you have about the information in the maps?
Reflection: • What sort of people will like Metternich’s ideas? • What sort of people will not like Metternich’s ideas? • How would people who agree with Locke’s ideas feel about Metternich’s ideas? • Make a prediction – how will the changes proposed impact Europe? 11/29/2020
What led to discontent in Latin America? • King appoints a viceroy to govern • Mercantilism • Encomienda System Colonial leaders born in Spain – held military & political power American born Spanish Aristocrats who owned most of the land & business but were treated like 2 nd class citizens, can’t vote, or have gov; t jobs , resent above Mix LA, European, NA faced discrimination political, social and economic, worked as servants, did not own land Which groups would support the changes/lead the changes? Why?
Causes of Latin American Revolutions: Social: Hierarchy Spread of Enlightenment Ideas… equality, freedom Nationalism spreads… spurred by Napoleon Political: Resentment of Colonial Rule Examples set by American & French Revs Economic: Mercantilism- closed system
Revolution in Haiti: • Toussaint L’Ouverture • 1791 - leads a slave revolt over harsh conditions of slavery on sugar plantations • 1820 - Haiti a republic • Only non-slave nation in the Western Hemisphere
Revolution in Venezuela Simon de Bolivar • “The Liberator” • Inspired by French Rev • 1810 -led uprising that created a republic in Venezuela • By 1820 - freed Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, & Bolivia • Gran Columbia splits- civil wars erupt • Had dreamed of a uified S. America
Revolution in Mexico Father Miguel Hidalgo - “El Grito de Dolores” - Fight for independence & liberty Father Jose Morales - Wide range reform - Abolish slavery, gain the right to vote Augustin de Iturbide - Overthrew the Viceroy - Gained independence 1821
EFFECTS of Latin American Revs: Political: Colonial Rule ends Geographic barriers hinder a united LA Independent republics- 19 set up Continued fights for power- civil war Military rulers/Dictatorships Social: Slavery ends/Cont power of RCChurch Social structure remains intact /CREOLES dominate Economic: Cont reliance on Cash crops/foreign investors/poverty
Stages of Revolution Crane Briton 11/29/2020
Check for Understanding • Complete Part I
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