Agro Climatic Zone Based Planning Agroclimatic Zone ACZ

Agro- Climatic Zone Based Planning Agro-climatic Zone (ACZ) Based Strategic Planning for Development of Agriculture NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURE RABI CAMPAIGN 2020 -21 21 September, 2020 Dr. S. K. Malhotra Agriculture Commissioner Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, New Delhi

Features of Indian agriculture. �Dependency of Indian agriculture on rainfall (52% area of cropped area) �Prevailing socio-economic situation such asØHeavily fragmented land- holding size ØHuge population pressure on land water resources etc. , are the major parameters for multiplicity of cropping systems. �In the impact of climate change & changing scenario Agro Climatic Zone base planning assume importance

Agro- Climatic Zone Based Planning Agro-Climatic Zone Based Planning • WHY Agro-Climatic Regional Planning? For more scientific utilization of natural and manmade resources available in the country for production of crops with high productivity and quality. • Present status of information on ACZ: • Planning commission: Divided into 15 Regions delineated on climatic factors, physiography & water resources. • 1992: ICAR: 20 Agro. Ecological Regions (AERs) - soil and length of growing period for scientific planning. • AERs were revised in 2016 based on climatic and soil data.

Agro- Climatic Zone Based Planning Agro-Climatic Zones of India ACZ Name of ACZ Major AERs no. Covered 1. Western Dry Region, Trans-Ganga Plains Region AER 2 & 4 and part of 5 2. Upper Gangetic Plains Region, Middle Gangetic AER 6, 13 &15 Plain Region, Lower Gangetic Plain Region 3. Central Plateau and Hills, Western Plateau and AER 7, 10, 20 & Hills, Western Coastal Plains & Ghats part of 5 4. Eastern Himalayan Region AER 16, 17 & 18 5 Western Himalayan Region AER 1 &14 6. Southern Plateau and Hills AER 3, 8 & 9 7. Eastern Coastal Plains & Hills, Eastern Plateau & AER 11, 12 &19 Hills • Crop planning to address the issues relating to climatic variability & interventions. • Four days ACZ conference : organized on 3 -4, 7 -8 Sep, 2020

Agro- Climatic Zone 1 (Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana) Western Dry Region; Trans-Ganga Plains Region Strategic Planning for Agriculture Development » Diversification from rice-wheat to maize, mustard, sunflower, pulses, low water requiring cash crops. » In arid and semi-arid region of Rajasthan, diversion of wheat and ground nut to moth, mung bean, jeera, isabgol, bajra, rapeseed & mustard: limited irrigation. » Move towards Precision Agriculture with optimum water and nutrient use through drip, fertigation, conservation agriculture, mechanization » Ground water recharge through natural watershed system and artificial recharge. » Adoption of agro-forestry systems including medicinal plants and animal husbandry in arid region. » Export promotion (basmati rice) & Import reduction in (oilseeds) (Atmanirbhar Bharat). » Part of ACZ is highly vulnerable to climate change (drought).

Upper, Middle and Lower Gangetic Plain Regions - Strategic Planning Agro- Climatic Zone 2 (UP, Bihar, West Bengal) » Provide a more enabling environment for agricultural development by managing flooding, salinity, water quality to bring it at par with Trans-Gangetic region. » Intensification of Agriculture viz. 300% crop intensity, agri» » horticultural system, integrated farming systems. Mechanization, easy credit to enhance productivity and reduction in production drudgery particularly in Bihar. Improve the productivity of the staple crops: resource conserving technologies. » Promotion of high quality mango, litchi, mentha, potato to enhance export for Atmanirbhar Bharat. » Promotion of short duration oilseed crops like R&M (toria), sunflower and summer mung in cropping sequences to reduce import under Atmanirbhar Bharat.

Agro- Climatic Zone 3 (Maharashtra, M. P. , Gujarat, Goa) Central Plateau and Hills, Western Plateau and Hills, Western Coastal Plains & Ghats - Strategic Planning » Watershed based planning, land configurations (broad bed & furrow, ridge & furrow) for SWC, black cotton soils. » Soil and water management, reduce sea inundation and biodiversity conservation of Western Ghat and islands. » Promotion of quality oranges in black cotton soils, grapes, » onions & pomegranates in red soils and pepper, coffee, tea, spices in Western Ghat for export earning under Atmanirbhar Bharat. Improving productivity of major oilseeds like soybean, groundnut, mustard, safflower to reduce import of edible oils (Atmanirbhar Bharat). » Land use planning involving diversion of cotton from shallow soils and oranges from deep clayey soils to end sufferings of farmers facing financial crunch in Vidharbha.

Agro- Climatic Zone 4 (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Sikkim, Tripura. Meghalaya, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram Eastern Himalayan Region -Strategic Planning » Conversion of shifting cultivation areas to settled agriculture with Sloping Land Agriculture Technology (SALT). » Toposequence based land use systems with water harvesting and SWC measures as integral component. » Promotion of multilayered systems for high value component like coconut + Arecanut + palm+ oranges + Pineapple + vegetables; and orange, peach, pineapple, jack fruit, banana with vegetables and plantation crops like tea, coffee and rubber. » Exploitation of export/ high value crops like pineapple, Naga chilli, ginger, turmeric. Expansion of area under oil palm to reduce import of edible oils for Atmanirbhar Bharat (ANB). » Enhancing time of land lease from 1 -2 years to more than 5 years for settled agriculture.

(UT of J. K. & Ladakh, and Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand) Agro- Climatic Zone 5 Western Himalayan Region - Strategic Planning » Adoption of climate resilient agriculture like agroforestry, agri-horticultual, horti-pastoral systems, conservation agri. » Promotion of Apple and Apricot and other temperate fruits such as peaches, pears, cherry, almond, litchis, walnut & offseason vegetable, flowers. » Change of subsistence to high value horticulture based agro-forestry systems in sloping land floriculture, medicinal plants and vegetables in valley. » Development of e-marketing platform for supply of inputs and sale of produce at farm gate. » Export oriented crops like kala jeera, saffron and sea buckthorn in cold desert of Ladakh

Agro- Climatic Zone 6 Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry, Tamil Nadu, Southern Plateau and Hills - Strategic Planning » Topo sequence and soil based crop planning in a landscape from hill top to valley to utilize limited water and good soils for high value crops and rice. » Adopt perennial crops (Oil palm, Coconut) and annual crops (Winter groundnut, Sunflower) to make India self reliant (Atmanirbhar Bharat) in edible oils. » Intercropping with horticultural crops like mango, tamarind, pomegranate and sapota for income generation. » Drips and sprinklers to use the available water more efficiently, increasing net irrigated area and providing sustainability in summer months. » Karnataka is leading state is in the production of coffee, raw silk and sunflower , organics and millet. » Southern states have been divided in to sub regions

Agro- Climatic Zone 7 Odisha, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and UT of Andaman & Nicobar. Eastern Coastal Plains and Hills, Eastern Plateau & Hills - Strategic Planning » Diversification from upland rice to plantation and pulses and oilseeds with utilization of limited water potentials. » Targeting rice fallow for oilseeds, pulses and contribute making India self sufficient in edible oils and pulses under Aatamnirbhar Bharat. » Plantation of cashew nut on upper reaches and paddy-pisiculture in lower reaches to fetch better economic returns to the farmers. » The Andaman and Nicobar Island has great potential for growing oil palm and rubber plantation to meet the edible oil requirements of the country. » Improving cropping intensity, utilization of rice fallow and multitiered agriculture to achieve regional food security and eradicate poverty. » 23 districts are at high risk of climatic vulnerability leading to more frequent droughts. Crop planning will account for these changes to have minimum impact on production.

Climatic Classification MI = [(P-PE)/PE]100 Where P = Average annual Rainfall PE = average annual Potential Evapo-transpiration Value of MI Climatic zone < -66. 7 Arid -66. 6 to -33. 3 Semi -arid -33. 3 to 0 Dry sub-humid 0 to + 20 Moist sub-humid +20. 1 to + 99. 9 Humid 100 or more Per-humid Raju et al. (2013) in Current Science

Climate Change Risk Assessment Risk Vulnerability Sensitivity Exposure Hazard Adaptive capacity �IPCC’s AR 5 views risk as a resultant of vulnerability, exposure and hazard

Indicators selected for various dimensions of risk to agriculture Vulnerability Exposure Hazard - Historical Hazard – future (Projected change in 2020 -49 over 19762005 for RCP 4. 5) Annual rainfall, % Normal Rainfall, mm Degraded land, % TGA AWHC, mm GW availability, ham/km 2 NIA, % Livestock density, ACU/km 2 Fertilizer use, kg/ha Literacy, % Gender gap, % SHGs, % villages with SHGs Market density, No/lakh holdings Road connectivity, % villages Electrification, % HHs Inequity (Ag. Workers, % - Ag. GDP, % ) NSA, %TGA Rural population density, No/sqkm S&M farmers, % Cyclone proneness, rating Flood proneness, % June rainfall, % Drought proneness, July rainfall, % % severe drought SC-ST population, % Rainy days, Number No. of cross bred Max T, 0 C cattle, % ACU Min T, 0 C Unusually hot days, Number Unusually cold days, Number Sub-zero temperature days, Number Drought proneness, % Dry spells, score 99 percentile rainfall, % Change in events with > 100 mm rainfall in 3 days, % Highest rainfall event

Risk category List of Districts Very High Bhind, Jhabua No. of Dist ricts 2 Morena, Datia, Tikamgarh, Chhatarpur, Panna, Rewa, Shahdol, Sidhi, Mandsaur, 14 High Ratlam, Barwani, Betul, Dindori, Mandla Sheopur Kalan, Gwalior, Shivpuri, Guna, Damoh, Satna, Umaria, Neemuch, Ujjain, Shajapur, Dewas, 21 Medium Dhar, Indore, Khargone(West Nimar), Rajgarh, Vidisha, Katni, Jabalpur, Chhindwara, Seoni, Balaghat Sagar, Khandwa(East 7 Low Nimar), Bhopal, Sehore, Raisen, Harda, Narsinghpur

Risk District Category No. Very High Dahod, Panchmahal 2 High Anand, Banaskantha, Dang, Kheda, Narmada, Patan 6 Medium Bharuch, Gandhinagar, Mehsana, Porbandar, Sabarkanta, Vadodara, Valsad Low Ahmedabad, Amreli, Bhavnagar, Jamnagar, Kutch, Navsari, Surendranagar Very Low Junagadh, Rajkot, Surat 7 7 3

Risk categor y No. of Distr icts List of Districts Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Churu, Jhunjhunu, Alwar, Karauli, Very Dausa, Sikar, Nagaur, 17 High Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Barmer, Jalore, Pali, Bhilwara, Dungarpur, Banswara Bikaner, Bharatpur, Dholpur, Jaipur, Sirohi, 10 High Ajmer, Tonk, Bundi, Rajsamand, Udaipur Sawai Madhopur, Medium Chittorgarh, Kota, Baran, 5 Jhalawar Low Very low

State-wise distribution of districts based on of climate change risk Very Low Me High Very Total Very Low Mediu High Very Total State low State AP 0 3 diu m 6 High low m High Arun. P 0 1 5 6 1 13 M’laya 0 0 0 1 6 7 Assam 0 2 14 5 2 23 M’ram 0 0 1 5 2 8 Bihar 0 0 14 13 10 37 N’land 0 2 0 5 1 8 Ch’garh 0 0 10 6 0 16 Odisha 0 0 11 13 6 30 DD&H 0 1 0 0 0 1 P’cherry 1 1 0 0 0 2 D’man. Di u Goa 0 0 2 Punjab 0 2 6 4 5 17 0 1 1 0 0 2 R’sthan 0 0 5 10 17 32 Gujarat 3 7 7 6 2 25 Sikkim 0 0 0 3 1 4 Haryana 0 0 8 8 3 19 TN 4 9 11 5 0 29 HP 0 1 3 6 2 12 T’gana 0 2 5 2 0 9 J&K 0 1 3 7 3 14 Tripura 0 2 2 0 0 4 Jh’khand 0 1 11 6 0 18 UP 0 1 21 26 22 70 K’taka 0 3 9 12 3 27 U’khand 0 0 4 2 7 13 Kerala 0 0 1 5 8 14 WB 0 0 3 11 3 17 MP 1 7 21 14 2 45 India 10 49 204 201 109 573 M’shtra 1 2 17 11 2 33 3 1 13 M’pur 0 0 3 6 0 9 Source: Rama Rao et al. , 2019

Unlocking the Yield Potential in Crops - An Agro-climatic Approach based on natural resources � Huge inter-district yield variation in a crop � Key determinants of productivity of a crop � Major districts of a crop can be grouped into certain number of clusters based on factors that we have less/no choice (may not be of equal sizes) Factors that have less/no choice Factors that have choice (amenable through policy) Climate Soil Share of irrigated area Share of a season (Kharif/Rabi) in area Input use through N, P and K Use of HYV Plant protection v Identifying crop-wise districts with high un-reaped yield potential v Estimation of yield efficiency of a district Raju etal 2013, 2018, CRIDA

Yield Efficiency Index at District level � Let yield of ith crop in jth district falling in kth cluster is Xijk and maximum yield for ith crop in kth cluster is Mik. � Yield efficiency of jth district with respect to ith crop is Zij = Xijk/Mik � Yield efficiency of Districts based on Zij value Yield efficiency Zij Efficiency Unreaped potential 0 - 0. 50 Low High 0. 50 -0. 75 Medium 0. 75 -0. 90 High Low 0. 90 -1. 00 Very High Very Low

Decision Support System Available at http: //www. icar-crida. res. in: 8129/

Crop Districts having high rainfed yield potential (efficiency < 0. 5) for improving yield Rice Banswara (RAJ), Jhabua (MP), Sivhar (BIH), Nasik (MAH), Sidhi (MP), Dindori (MP), Panna (MP), Sahibganj (JHA), Gumla (JHA), Satna (MP), Rewa (MP), Mandla (MP), Katni (MP), Hazaribag (JHA), Damoh (MP), Umaria (MP), Shahdol (MP), Almora (UK), Koriya (CG), Jabalpur (MP), Kishanganj (BIH), Chatra (JHA), Panchmahal (GUJ), Nandurbar (MAH), West Singbhum (JHA), Gopalganj (BIH), Vaishali (BIH), East Singbhum (JHA), Korba (CG), Sarguja (CG), Pakur (JHA), Pune (MAH), Dantewara (CG), Lakhimpur (AS), Phulbani (Kandhamal) (ORI), Seoni (MP), Nabarangpur (ORI), Jashpur (CG) Sorghum Hamirpur (UP), Tonk (RAJ), Ajmer (RAJ), Madurai (TN), Pali (RAJ), Karur (TN), Namakkal (TN), Salem (TN), Thiruchirappalli (TN), Latur (MAH), Alwar (RAJ), Coimbatore (TN), Bharatpur (RAJ), Dhar (MP), Dindigul (TN), Nalgonda (TEL), Banaskantha (GUJ), Solapur (MAH)

Crop Districts having high rainfed yield potential (efficiency < 0. 5) for improving yield Pearlmill Osmanabad (MAH), Sangli (MAH), Koppal (KAR), Belgaum et (KAR), Churu (RAJ), Jalore (RAJ), Barmer (RAJ), Pali (RAJ), Solapur (MAH), Jaisalmer (RAJ), Jalaun (UP), Jhabua (MP), Chitrakut (UP), Patan (GUJ), Pratapgarh (UP), Ahmednagar (MAH), Bijapur (KAR), Beed (MAH), Surendranagar (GUJ), Rajkot (GUJ), Ajmer (RAJ), Raichur (KAR) Maize Pali (RAJ), Sitapur (UP), Sonbhadra (UP), Sabarkanta (GUJ), Shravasti (UP), Osmanabad (MAH), Kheda (GUJ), Lalitpur (UP), Ajmer (RAJ), Ballia (UP), Tonk (RAJ), Gonda (UP), Palamu (JHA), Barwani (MP), Jhabua (MP), Budgam (J&K), Banaskantha (GUJ), Sirohi (RAJ), Kupwara (J&K), Dhar (MP), Baramulla (J&K), Bahraich (UP), Panchmahal (GUJ), Dahod (GUJ), Unnao (UP), Khargone(West Nimar) (MP), Dhule (MAH), Dewas (MP), Baran (RAJ), Jaunpur (UP), Kota (RAJ), Perambalur (TN), Doda (J&K), Hardoi (UP), Chitradurga (KAR), Jalna (MAH), Patna (BIH), Dungarpur (RAJ), Kanpur City (UP)

Crop Finger millet Chickpea Districts having high rainfed yield potential (efficiency < 0. 5) for improving yield Nasik (MAH), Koraput (ORI), Gumla (JHA) Chitradurga (KAR), Bidar (KAR), Koppal (KAR), Banda (UP), Gadag (KAR), Mandsaur (MP), Dharwad (KAR), Raichur (KAR), Parbhani (MAH), Gulbarga (KAR), Bagalkot (KAR), Mahoba (UP), Hamirpur (UP), Cuddapah (AP), Latur (MAH), Churu (RAJ) Pigeonpea Satna (MP), Prakasam (AP), Anantapur (AP), Khammam (TEL), Sidhi (MP), Cuddapah (AP), Adilabad (TEL), Raichur (KAR), Bijapur (KAR), Mahabubnagar (TEL), Rangareddy (TEL), Solapur (MAH), Nalgonda (TEL), Raisen (MP), Warangal (TEL), Medak (TEL), Kurnool (AP) Blackgra m Jhansi (UP), Chhatarpur (MP), Hamirpur (UP), Thirunelveli (TN), Rewa (MP), Bhilwara (RAJ), Guntur (AP), Osmanabad (MAH), East Godavari (AP), Jalaun (UP), Panna (MP), Satna (MP)

Crop Districts having high rainfed yield potential (efficiency < 0. 5) for improving yield Greengra Bijapur (KAR), Khurda (ORI), East Godavari (AP), Raichur (KAR), m Ganjam (ORI), Bagalkot (KAR), Koppal (KAR), Gadag (KAR), Belgaum (KAR), Nagapattinam (TN), Vizianagaram (AP), Mahabubnagar (TEL), Barmer (RAJ), Rangareddy (TEL), Gulbarga (KAR), Srikakulam (AP), Dharwad (KAR), Osmanabad (MAH), Bidar (KAR), Hingoli (MAH) Groundnu Gadag (KAR), Anantapur (AP), Bellary (KAR), Chitradurga (KAR), t Chamarajanagar (KAR), Belgaum (KAR), Tumkur (KAR), Haveri (KAR), Kurnool (AP), Dharwad (KAR), Kolar (KAR), Barwani (MP), Nasik (MAH), Davanagere (KAR), Chittoor (AP), Khargone(West Nimar) (MP), Jhansi (UP) Sesamum Hamirpur (UP), Mahoba (UP), Sirohi (RAJ), Banda (UP), Jalaun (UP), Hardoi (UP), Lalitpur (UP), Bundi (RAJ), Tikamgarh (MP), Jhansi (UP), Jalore (RAJ)

Crop Districts having high rainfed yield potential (efficiency < 0. 5) for improving yield Soybean Barwani (MP), Bidar (KAR), Satna (MP), Chhatarpur (MP), Khargone(West Nimar) (MP), Khandwa(East Nimar) (MP), Belgaum (KAR), Jhabua (MP), Chandrapur (MAH), Dharwad (KAR), Beed (MAH) Castor Nalgonda (TEL) Cotton Nanded (MAH), Wardha (MAH), Dharwad (KAR), Panchmahal (GUJ), Perambalur (TN), Amravati (MAH), Jhabua (MP), Ratlam (MP), Washim (MAH), Haveri (KAR) Lentil Dindori (MP), Katni (MP), Vizianagaram (AP), Srikakulam (AP), Rewa (MP), Mandla (MP) Rapeseed Shahdol (MP) & Mustard

Aridity index for drought proofing

Major commodities identified for export in different ACZs 1. ACZ- 1: Basmati rice, jeera, isabgol 2. ACZ-2: Mango, litchi, potato, sugarcane menthe 3. ACZ-3: Grapes, onions & pomegranates in red soils and pepper, coffee, tea, spices in Western Ghat 4. ACZ-4: King chili, strawberry, dragon fruit, turmeric, kiwi, cardamom, black pepper, tree bean and jack fruit 5. ACZ-5: Temperate fruits (apple, apricot, ), almond, saffron, kala jeera, sea buckthorn 6. ACZ-6: Coffee, silk pomegranate and Oil palm and coconut 7. ACZ-7: Cashew, rubber, fish

Import substitution Edible Oils, Pulses, Cashew, Fruits & Nuts. § Strategy for Edible Oil & Pulses : Increase in domestic production through area expansion and productivity § Strategy for Cashews : § Area expansion and replacement of senile plantation § Compact area approach for cultivation and improving productivity § Strategy for Fruits & Nuts: § Availability of seed and elite planting material § Fruit wise production strategy to be framed § Cold chain logistics so that year round availability is there § Value added/processed product industry to be set up

Important cropping patterns: Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Rice-wheat Rice-rice Rice-gram Rice-mustard Rice-groundnut Rice-sorghum Pearlmillet-gram Pearlmilletmustard Pearlmilletsorghum Cotton-wheat Cotton-gram Cotton-sorghum Cotton-safflower Cotton-groundnut Maize-wheat Maize-gram Sugarcane-wheat Ø Ø Ø Soybean-wheat Sorghumsorghum Groundnut-wheat Sorghumgroundnut Groundnut-rice Sorghum-wheat Sorghum-gram Pigeonpeasorghum, Groundnutgroundnut Sorghum-rice Groundnutsorghum And Soybean-gram.

AGRICULTURAL REGIONS IN THE COUNTRY Five agricultural regions : Ø Rice region: extending from the eastern part to include a very large part of the north-eastern and the south-eastern India, with another strip along the western coast. Ø Wheat region: occupying most of the northern, western and central India. Ø Millet-sorghum region: comprising Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and the Deccan Plateau in the centre of the Indian Peninsula. Ø Temperate Himalayan region: Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand some adjoining areas. Potato, cereal crops (maize and rice), and temperate fruit crops. Ø Plantation crops, Spices region: Assam and the hills & plains of southern India where good quality tea and spices are produced.

Natural Resource maps Cropping patterns

Existing cropping patterns in India based on rainfall pattern Area where annual rainfall is above 1150 mm Area where rainfall ranges from 7501150 mm Area where rainfall is below 750 mm Most of the areas in Assam, Kerala, Orissa and West Bengal Large parts of Tamil Comprising parts Nadu, Uttar Pradesh of Andhra Pradesh, and Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra Rajasthan. Most of the farmers are engaged in rice cultivation. Occupy about 1/3 of the total cultivated area in the country Occupies nearly one third of the cultivated area. Basic problems in these areas pertain to limited irrigation and poor drainage. Large potential for creating minor irrigation facilities. Little hope for raising cropping intensity, unless major and medium irrigation facilities are provided.

Cropping systems of irrigated ecosystems � Depending upon the natural water resources, each region has certain area under irrigated agriculture. � Distinct irrigated ecosystems: Indo-Gangetic Plain region including the states of Punjab, Haryana, plains of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and plains of Jammu & Kashmir. � Among the states, Punjab ranks first with 94. 6 per cent cropped area under irrigation followed by Haryana (76. 4%) and Uttar Pradesh (62. 3%). � Principal irrigation: Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø crops having sizeable % of area under Sugar Cane (87. 9%) Wheat (84. 3%) Barley (60. 8%) Rapeseed And Mustard (57. 5%) Rice (46. 8%) Tobacco (41. 2%) Cotton (33. 2%) Chickpea (21. 9%) Maize (21. 8%) And Groundnut (19. 2%).

Imbalanced Fertilizer Use in India Zone Fertilizer Use (kg/ha) N: P: K ratio East 143. 7 4. 2: 1. 7: 1 North 189. 3 19. 7: 5. 6: 1 South 175. 9 3. 8: 1 West 96. 2 6. 3: 3. 0: 1 All India 137. 4 7. 1: 2. 7: 1 • Ideal fertilizer consumption ratio should be 4: 2: 1 but the present consumption is highly skewed towards Nitrogen • 85% of the total fertilizers are consumed in 290 districts and only 15% is consumed in remaining 449 districts Source: Fert. Statistics 2018 -19

Resource maps for micronutrients

Crop planning decisions with respect to choice of crops & cropping systems in ACZ need attention on: q Infrastructure Facilities • • • q • • • Irrigation Transport Storage Trade And Marketing Post-harvest Handling And Processing Etc. Socio-economic Factors Financial Resource Base Land Ownership Size And Type Of Land Holding Household Needs Of Food, Fodder, Fuel, Fibre And Finance Labour Availability; And Technological Developments Improved Varieties Cultural Requirements Mechanization Plant Protection Access To Information

Way forward � Potential zones (20) delineated by ICAR–NBSSLUP on the basis of land resources (soil, water and climate) for 17 important crops and oil palm may be used as base for scientific crop planning. � Climate vulnerability based mapping done by ICAR- CRIDA (drought, flood, cyclone, hailstorm) and suggested climate resilient cropping systems and technologies for up scaling. (contingency plan for 650 districts for drought management). � As a part of climate resilient agriculture, potential crops and climate resilient varieties, cropping systems and integrated farming systems be decided for each climatic zone. � Land resource evaluation of country for suitability of different crops to serve as tools for diversion of unsustainable cropping systems to sustainable ones leading to higher production, more returns and ecology restoration. � Resource based crop diversification plan (Maize-Mustardmung) for replacing rice-wheat system in dark zones(Pb, Haryana, UP)

Way forward…. � Provide a more enabling environment for agricultural development by managing ACZ specific problems of flooding, erosion, salinity, acidity etc. mapped already by ICAR. � Market orientation based on ACZ for quality seed & planting materials, inputs, infrastructure for marketing, supply chain & value addition for specific commodities/crops of each zone for agriculture and allied sector development. � Recent initiatives of government e-marketing, Aatamnirbharat, FPOs be effectively utilized for potential crop production in different Agro-climatic Zones. � Identify critical gaps for each zone like agricultural infrastructures viz. machinery, processing, marketing, input supply, technological and socio-economic for major policy interventions. � Management Information System to support Convergence, Optimize Resources, Manage Risk, support government planning, investment. All data feed into advanced analytics to guide farmer for profitability,

We need management information system for AEZ based advisory & planning Thank You