AGES AND STAGES OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT GROWTH VS

AGES AND STAGES OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT

GROWTH VS DEVELOPMENT Growth: A child’s physical increase in size or amount that is easily observed. Development: The ability of a child to do things that are complex and difficult.

STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT Infancy – birth - 12 months Toddler – 12 months - 3 yrs. Preschool – 3 yrs. - 6 yrs. School Age – 6 yrs. - 12 yrs. Adolescents – 13 yrs. - 18 yrs

INFANCY Intellectual Development: Physical Development: As infants are awake more, they notice to world. Follow objects Born with strong reflexes and ALL five senses. Later develop eye-hand coordination with eyes. During 8 -12 months they develop object permanence. & large motor skills. Social Development: By 3 months they smile. By 7 months they recognize familiar and unfamiliar faces. First signs of fear. Emotional Development: Infants develop trust of caregivers that are caring for her every day.

TODDLERHOOD Physical Development: Begin to walk and run (gross motor skills) and maybe feed and dress themselves (fine motor skills). Social Development: Begin to parallel play- playing alongside other children but not with them. They want to do everything themselves! Emotional development: Develop an “I can do it” attitude. Strong emotions that can change quickly. Intellectual Development: Communication skills improve – talking, can talk about space and size. Moral Development: They can begin to understand the difference between right and wrong.

PRESCHOOL YEARS Physical Development: Begin to hop, ride tricycle, run with a stride, play simple games. Small motor skills develop further. Social Development: Begin cooperative play – playing WITH groups of children. Begin to learn to share. Moral Development: Sense of right and wrong become more concrete. They understand rules as right and wrong and do not like when someone doesn’t follow those rules. Intellectual Development: Learn to count, identify colors, recite ABCs, and begin to use imagination. Emotional Development: Become less self-centered and show empathy for others. Full range of emotions.

SCHOOL-AGE YEARS Physical Development: Rate of growth slows down. Baby teeth are replaced with permanent ones. Continued development of fine motor skills make handwriting and drawing more precise. Intellectual Development: They ask lots of questions and acquire reasoning. Learn to read and do simple arithmetic. Moral Development: Begin to understand that rules are flexible. Care about what others think. Emotional Development: Outgrow preschool fears. More prone to feelings of stress from school or family issues. Social Development: Have more social opportunities outside of the family. Form peer groups. Learn to cooperate.

ADOLESCENCE Physical Development: Onset of puberty triggered by hormones. Body changes to take on characteristics of a man or woman. Emotional Development: Moods swings are common. Struggle between desire for independence and desire for others to continue caring for them. Intellectual Development: Able to imagine the consequences of different actions and reason other options. Can think abstractly and form personal judgments. Moral Development: Knows the difference between right and wrong, but feels pressure to go with the crowd. Social Development:

SPECIAL NEEDS The patterns of developed we have discussed outline “typical” development. But, everyone is unique and does not follow “typical” development exactly like this. Physical Disabilities: Learning Disabilities: Disabilities that limit Disability affects the movement, vision, or hearing? ability to understand use language. Could be Examples? problems with reading, spelling, or math. Emotional Problems: May be indicated by withdraw from activity. Could exhibit anger or depression. Mental Disabilities: Affect intellectual development and every day skills.