AGENDA Written assignment Q A Instructions Newspaper article

AGENDA • Written assignment Q & A (Instructions) • Newspaper article review • Chapter one, History of crime in America 1

WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT Let’s take a look at the instructions 2

CHAPTER ONE CONTINUED CRIME IN AMERICA Criminal activity has been undoubtedly with us since the dawn of history Crime during the last half century has been especially influential in shaping the criminal justice system Crime waves have come and gone 3

SOME HISTORY • 1960 s Civil Rights movement • 1970 s Crime of murder, rape and assaults Page 4 covers increased explanation • 1980 s Illicit drugs dramatic increase • 1992 Rodney King beating https: //www. liveleak. com/view? i=244_1456969337 Late 1990 s, “Get tough on Crime” era 4

GET TOUGH ON CRIME 5

SOCIAL DISORGANIZATION Theory behind crime increases A condition said to exist when a group is faced with social change, uneven development of culture, maladaptiveness, disharmony, conflict, and lack of consensus Maladaptive thinking may refer to a belief that is false and rationally unsupported, what Ellis called an “irrational belief. ” An example of such a belief is that one must be loved and approved of by everyone in order to be happy or to have a sense of self-worth. https: //www. britannica. com/topic/maladaptive-thinking 6

HISTORY CONT’D 2011 Osama Bin Laden is killed War begins in Afghanistan 2012 to 2016 Epidemic of mass shootings and random violence sweeps public venues across the United States 7

CRIME IN AMERICA CONT’D • Individual’s Rights • Social Control • Policing (Better or worst) • Terrorism • Violent Crimes Page 5 https: //thecrimereport. org/ 8

CHAPTER ONE CONTINUED CRIME IN AMERICA • Adam Lanza, 20 years old, ? ? ? • James Holmes ? ? ? • Dylan Klebold, 17, and Eric Harris, 18 ? ? ? • Crime in America is not something new! 9

COLUMBINE HS • The deaths of 13 people at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado, on April 20, 1999. • Facts: Twelve students and one teacher were killed by students Dylan Klebold, 17, and Eric Harris, 18 1995, Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, bombed 10

JAMES HOLMES • James Eagan Holmes is an American convicted of 24 counts of murder and 140 counts of attempted murder for the 2012 Aurora shooting that killed 12 people and injured 70 others at a Century movie theater in Aurora, Colorado, on July 20, 2012. 11

ADAM LANZA The Sandy Hook Elementary School tragedies Shooting occurred on December 14, 2012, in Newtown, Connecticut, when 20 -year-old Adam Lanza fatally shot 20 children between six and seven years old, as well as six adult staff members. 12

CRIME IN AMERICA CONT’D 2001 911 terrorist attacks Patriot Act 2012 -2016 Epidemic of mass shootings and random violence 13

SOCIAL CONTROL Social control is the basic mean of social solidarity and conformity rather than deviance. It controls the behavior, attitudes and actions of individuals to balance their social situation. Man is born free but in chains everywhere he lives. A person living in a society has to adopt certain rules and regulation 14

SOCIAL CONTROL CONT’D • Social control may be enforced using informal sanctions, which may include shame, ridicule, sarcasm, criticism and disapproval. Social control may also be enforced using formal sanctions. Education may maintain social control through various mechanisms, such as indoctrination, informal sanctions and formal sanctions. 15

SOCIAL CONTROL THEORY • Social control theory was developed by Travis Hirschi in 1969. It's also known as the social bond theory. Under the social control theory, individuals break the law due to a breakdown with their societal bond. Moreover, Hirschi refers to four elements which constitute the societal bond. These bonds include: • Attachment to other individuals • Commitment to following rules • Involvement by typical social behaviors • Belief, a basic value system Here lies the problem!! Pronounced Hear C 16

FERGUSON https: //www. nbcnews. com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/will-new-law-solve-ferguson -s-problems-n 406171 Michael Brown, was he the problem? OR Enforcement was not felt evenly -- black drivers were four times as likely as whites to be stopped, and black residents were virtually the sole people to be levied with "quality of life" tickets such as "failure to comply. " The practices of the city's police and courts "disproportionately harm African Americans, " the Department of Justice found. 17

WHAT IS MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR IN PSYCHOLOGY? In essence, they prevent people from adapting or coping well with the demands and stresses of life. Often used to reduce anxiety, maladaptive behaviors result in dysfunctional and non-productive outcomes—in other words, they are more harmful than helpful. https: //www. britannica. com/topic/maladaptive-thinking 18

INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS VERSUS PUBLIC ORDER • Civil Rights Era 1960 s- 1970 s • Focused on guaranteeing the rights of criminal defendants • Pass 30 years a change • Increased interest in an ordered society, tin public safety and the rights of criminal victims 19

CRIMINAL JUSTICE Figure 1 -2 Theme of this book Balancing the concern for individual rights with the need for public order through the administration of criminal justice is theme of this book Page 7 20

CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND BASIC FAIRNESS 21

CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND BASIC FAIRNESS • Justice- The Principle of fairness (moral rightness) • Social Justice- Embraces all aspects of civilized life • Fairness, Right and Wrong • Civil Justice- The civil law, the law of civil procedure 22

JUSTICE In “criminal justice” it implies a sense of basic fairness and no criminal justice system will seem fair to the citizens it serves unless it rings true to the basic sense of fairness to which those citizens hold 23

CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND BASIC FAIRNESS CONT’D • Criminal Justice- Penal Law, the law of criminal procedure (TRUTH IN ACTION) • Protection of the innocent • The fair treatment of offenders • Fair play by the agencies of law enforcement 24

CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND BASIC FAIRNESS CONT’D • Administration of Justice • Justice, in the truest and most satisfying sense of the word, is the ultimate goal of criminal justice The performance of any of the following activities: • Detection, apprehension, detention, pretrial release, post-trial release, prosecution, adjudication, correctional supervision, or rehabilitation of accused persons or criminal offenders 25

THE CONSENSUS MODEL • The Consensus Model or Systems Perspective of criminal justice argues that the organizations of a criminal justice system either do, or should, work cooperatively to produce justice. A criminal justice model in which the majority of citizen in a society share the same values and beliefs • Criminal Justice components work together harmoniously to achieve the social product we call JUSTICE!! 26

POLICE Some states in our country have state police agencies i. e. VSP is the Virginia State Police, or TBI the state of Tennessee has a Bureau of Investigation State Police 27

POLICE § § § § Enforce the law Investigate crimes Apprehend offenders Reduce and prevent crime Maintain public order Ensure community safety Provide emergency services Protect the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals 28

COURTS § § § § Conduct fair and impartial trials Decide criminal cases Ensure due process Determine guilt or innocence Impose sentences Uphold the law Protect the rights and freedoms of anyone in the justice system 29

CORRECTIONS • Carry out sentences imposed by the court • Provide safe and humane custody and supervision of offenders • Protect the community • Rehabilitate, reform, and reintegrate convicted offenders back into the community • Respect the legal and human rights of the convicted 30

OVERCROWDING 31

THE CONFLICT MODEL • System’s components function primarily to serve their own interests 32

CONFLICT MODEL CONT’D • Examples: • Open Discussions • Clearing other crimes, etc 33

DUE PROCESS AND INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS • (Procedural fairness) Example, foreign language • Due process- right guaranteed by the fourth, fifth, sixth, and fourteenth Amendments 4 th, illegal searches and seizures 5 th, self incrimination 6 th criminal defendants, including the right to a public trial without unnecessary delay 14 th, citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws, and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves 34

DUE PROCESS CONT’D Right to be assumed innocent until proven guilty Right against arrest without probable cause Right to fair questioning by the police Right to be treated the same as others, regardless of race, sex, religious preference and other personal attributes 35

BILL OF RIGHTS 36

UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT Rights, we get from the BILL OF RIGHTS Interpretation of the law (U. S. Supreme Court) 37

CRIMINAL JUSTICE CAREERS • Chapter one, page 18 A list of all/most careers in Criminal Justice 38

MULTICULTURALISM ISSUES OR PROBLEMS § Procedural fairness § Diversity § Non-English speaking suspect § Need for Interpreters § Lack of immigrants to report crime 39

QUESTIONS? 40