Agenda Bellringer Quiz Napoleon Notes Congress of Vienna

Agenda • Bellringer • Quiz: Napoleon • Notes: Congress of Vienna • Video: Battle of Waterloo

Napoleon Quiz • What is the proper term for a military takeover of government? • Why did the people of France welcome Napoleon’s rule? • Define nationalism • What was the Napoleonic Code? • What was the continental blockade? • The invasion of what country led to Napoleon’s defeat? • Who was Robespierre? • Name two causes of the French Revolution • What was the storming of the Bastille?

CONGRESS OF VIENNA

Historical Circumstance… • Napoleon had been exiled to the island of Elba • European leaders wanted to establish a new European order (post-French empire) • Wanted security and stability for all of continental Europe • A series of meetings between heads of state were called to discuss the issue. The meetings were held in Vienna, Austria and were called the Congress of Vienna

Congress of Vienna • Held in secret amongst the five “great powers”: Russia, Prussia, Austria, Great Britain, and France • Leader was Austrian Prince: Klemens von Metternich

Klemens von Metternich • Full name: Kemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar Furst von Metternich-winneburg zu Beilstein • Felt that revolution, chaos, and distress were a natural outcome of democratic ideals • Goals: • 1. Prevent future French aggression by surrounding France with strong countries • 2. Restore balance of power • 3. Restore Europe’s royal families to their thrones

Goals and Results • Goal 1: Surround France with stronger powers • Kingdom of Netherlands formed • 39 loose German states united under Austrian power • Switzerland became independent • Italy was strengthened by gaining new territories

Goal and Results • Goal 2: Balance of Power • If France was too strong – they could take over again • If France was too weak – they may want revenge • Solution: leave them alone. Still a major, yet diminished power

Goal and Results • Goal 3: Legitimacy • Royal families displaced by France would be restored • Louis XVIII was restored in France

Historical Impact • First time European countries made decisions together • Balance of power • Idea of nationalism began to spread to Italy, Germany, Greece, and others • Nationalistic movements and revolutions will result in new countries

Video • Battle of Waterloo