Agen Bioterorisme Pendahuluan 4 oktober 2001 Depkes dan

Agen Bioterorisme Pendahuluan • 4 oktober 2001, Depkes dan CDC Florida kasus pertama “inhalational anthrax”di US dalam lebih 25 th. • Spora Bacillus anthrax dikirim melalui pos. • Insiden 22 kasus, 5 meninggal

• Walaupun jumlah kasus sedikit, ketakutan dan kegelisahan akan suatu aksi dari “bioterrorist” • Relatif sedikit patogen yg dapat dijadikan senjata biologi • Akibat kasus jarang ditemukan, terlambat dalam diagnosis dan pengobatan tidak tersedia

• Oleh sebab itu sangatlah penting kemampuan untuk mengenal dan diagnosis infeksi secepat mungkin untuk kasus “out break” yg disebabkan bioterrorism. • CDC(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) telah menyusun daftar agen infeksius yg dipakai sebagai bioterrorism

• CDC mengkatagorikan agen tersebut berdasarkan: - Kemudahan menjadikan senjata biologis - Dissemination - Risk posed to national security - Lethality

Klasifikasi agen Bioterorisme dan Penyakit • Katagori A High-priority agents a risk to national security: - easily disseminated/transmitted - High mortality mayor public health impact - Cause public panic - Spesial action for public health

Anthrax Botulism Plague Smallpox Viral hemorrhagic fever(Ebola, . .

• Katagori B - moderately easy to disseminate - moderate morbidity - enhanced disease surveillance Food poisoning (Staphylococcus, Food safety threats(Salmonella, E. coli 0157: H 17, Shigella) Water safety threats(Vibrio chloera, Encephalitis(virus)

• Katagori C emerging pathogens - Availability - ease of production and dissemination - potential high morbidity and mortality

• The student will know: 1. How are acquires the diease of concern under normal circumstances 2. The key symptoms 3. The incubation period 4. What to do next when confronted with a bioterrorism-related disease 5. What to do in times of un certainty&questionable diagnosis

The key to dealing with a bioterrorism event • To remain knowledgeable epidemiologic and clinical aspects of threat agent • To keep a high index of suspicion when seeing patients who persent with unusual symptoms • Medical management notify the local health authorities

• Local level clinicians and lab-workers play a role in this process • Knowledge infection control issues use barrier precautions biosafety techniques when evaluating case and handling the specimens