Age of Jefferson American Pageant Ch 11 Election

Age of Jefferson �American Pageant Ch. 11

Election of 1800 � Americans were unhappy about the Alien and Sedition Acts and federalism became more and more unpopular � Hamilton and Jefferson are particularly unhappy with Adams because of his avoidance of war with France �War preparations had been made, putting the nation further into debt and leaving Americans with an “all dressed up but nowhere to go” feeling �Adams ironically becomes known as the Father of the American Navy Military preparations now seemed unnecessary and extravagant (people called the new navy “John Adams’s Jackasses”)

Election of 1800 � Jefferson is accused of having a relationship with one of his slaves, Sally Hemmings and is opposed by clergy and Christians for his alleged atheism (fought for separation of church and state) �Read “Examining the Evidence” on page 213

Election of 1800

Election of 1800 �Jefferson wins when a few Federalists decide not to vote � They were hoping for moderation from Jefferson that they knew Burr would not provide

Election of 1800 � “Revolution of 1800” �Jefferson and Aaron Burr both get 73 electoral votes; Adams gets 65 �Matter has to be settled in Congress �Jefferson only wins when a few Federalists decided not to vote �Called a revolution because of the peaceful transition between political parties

Jefferson as President � VP: Aaron Burr � Democratic Republicans win control of Congress and most state elections � Jefferson allows the Alien and Sedition Acts to expire � Cuts taxes and reduces national debt from $80 million to $57 million �Did so by making cuts in the military, simplifying government bureaucracy, benefits from customs revenue as international trade increased, families that moved west were buying federal land � Ultimate goal was to have US expand to the Pacific Aaron Burr

Jefferson as President �Moderation � Other than the excise tax, Jefferson left Hamilton’s fiscal framework alone �“easier to condemn from the stump than to govern consistently”

Jefferson as President �“We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists. ”

Marbury v. Madison �Supreme Court has final say in constitutionality �Established judicial review

Louisiana Purchase � 1800 – France acquires Louisiana from Spain �New Orleans � Robert Livingston and James Monroe � Purchase for up to $10 million • Meriwether Lewis and William Clark (1805 -1806) � 1803 - Napoleon offers • Purposes to sell Map the all of Louisiana Missouri River � $11. 25 million Northwest � Assume French debt Passage (3. 75 million) Scientific study � Total: $15 million • Sacagawea

Barbary Pirates Forced Jefferson to reverse opposition of military force

Embargo Act 1807

Wrap it up… PRACTICE MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS �These questions will NOT be on your unit 3 exam. They are simply designed to help you practice answering AP style multiple choice questions.

When answering AP multiple choice questions… 1. Use process of elimination (identify the answers that you know without a shadow of a doubt are absolutely incorrect. ) Ex. Which of the following was a Confederate state? 1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 2. Georgia New York Candy Land Pennsylvania Nebraska Choose the most correct answer. There is only one correct answer for each question.

1. Thomas Jefferson opposed some of Alexander Hamilton’s programs because Jefferson believed that A. The common bond of a substantial national debt B. C. D. E. would serve to unify different states The French alliance threatened to spread the violence of the French Revolution to America The federal government should encourage manufacturing and industry Hamilton’s programs were weakening the military strength of the nation Hamilton’s programs favored wealthy financial interests

CORRECT ANSWER… �E. Hamilton’s programs favored wealthy financial interests �Why is the correct answer?

2. The election of 1800 has been referred to as constituting “another revolution” because A. The House of Representatives decided the election B. A Supreme Court decision was required to dislodge the Federalists C. Voter turnout increased dramatically D. The party in power stepped down after losing the election E. Force was required to get John Adams to leave the White House

CORRECT ANSWER… �D. the party in power stepped down after losing the election �Why is the correct answer?

3. In the 1790 s political conflict between T. Jeff and A. Ham, T. Jeff would have been more likely to A. Take a narrow (strict) view on the Constitution favor Britain over France in European wars C. Favor establishment of a national bank D. Win the cooperation of Presidents Washington and Adams E. Oppose the efforts of Citizen Genet in America B.

CORRECT ANSWER… � A. Take a narrow (strict) view on the Constitution � How do we know this answer is correct?