AFRICA THE PARTITION OF AFRICA 1800 1914 OBJECTIVES

AFRICA

THE PARTITION OF AFRICA 1800 -1914 OBJECTIVES To define and analyze the causes of the “New Imperialism” To explain why Western Imperialism spread so rapidly To describe how imperial governments ruled their empires

TASK Friends you will embark on a new adventure (1) Listen to the history of the African nation and take written notes (2) Along the way, you will be prompted to complete 4 task(s) a) color the map of Africa (HANDOUT) and create a map key to signify its bodies of water, major areas of war, and areas of other natural resources noting gold , coal, ect…Name your map. b) go through the links and discover Africa in real time. Create a diorama of your adventures. As a visitor, show your location and interest there d) create a picture timeline of the history of Africa e) answer 2 of 4 essay questions (3 pages each)

KEY TERMS PARTITION IMPERIALISM NATURAL RESOURCES COLONY PATERNALISTIC THE WHITE MAN’S BURDEN BIAS THE BOER WAR Dr. LIVINGSTON

MAP (PROCESS #1) REVIEW THE FOLLOWING LINKS Create a map of Africa labeling its boarders and natural resources www. mapsofworld. com/africa www. uneca. org/our-work/natural-resource-management www. mapsofworld. com www. sharemylesson. com/. . . /South-Africa-Natural-Resources. Map-50011198

THE WHITE MAN’S BURDEN HTTP: //HISTORYMATTERS. GMU. EDU/D/5478 Islands"[11][12][13] Original title: "The White Man's Burden: The United States and The Philippine Take up the White Man's burden, Send forth the best ye breed Go bind your sons to exile, to serve your captives' need; To wait in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild— Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half-devil and half-child. Take up the White Man's burden, In patience to abide, To veil the threat of terror And check the show of pride; By open speech and simple, An hundred times made plain To seek another's profit, And work another's gain. Take up the White Man's burden, The savage wars of peace— Fill full the mouth of Famine And bid the sickness cease; And when your goal is nearest The end for others sought, Watch sloth and heathen Folly Bring all your hopes to nought.

IMPERIALISM AND MOTIVES The domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region A practice by which a country increases its power by gaining control over areas of the world Encouraged by new economic and military strength, the Europeans embarked on a path of aggressive expansion Economic Interest Political and Military Humanitarian and Religious Manufactures wanted access to natural resources like rubber, petroleum, manganese for steel, and palm oil Armed forces ant their bases around the world Take care of “little brothers”

AFRICA EARLY 1800’S The continent of Africa 3 x the size of Europe North Africa Sahara and Mediterranean fertile land West Africa East Africa South Africa Islamic revival (Usman) Herders VS Europeans Profitable trade long existedivory, copper, slaves (middle east and Asia) for cloth and firearms from India Zulu VS Boers(guns/farmers)

CREATE A DIORAMA PROCESS #2 REVIEW THE FOLLOWING LINKS Create a diorama of Africa placing yourself in a specific location traveltips. usatoday. com › bing. com/images www. amazon. com http: //scenearama. woodlandscenics. com

SLAVE TRADE East African slave trade continued to Asia 1787 Sierra Leone, in West Africa, set up as a colony former slaves 1847 Liberia became an independent state 1500 -1700’s Europeans trades along the African coast, but wanted to keep their land Resistance by Africans, difficult geography, and disease kept Europeans from advancing inland Africa

EUROPEAN ADVANCE Dr. Livingston was an explorer and missionary. Wrote about Africans with more sympathy and less bias. Opposed the slave trade thinking that it could be ended if inland Africa opened up to Christianity and trade. Journalist Henry Stanley trekked into Central Africa and found Dr. Livingston. 1 • Early 1800’s Europeans began pushing into inland Africa seeking to map the course and sources of their rivers (Niger, Nile, and Congo) • Catholic and Protestant missionaries to convert to Christianity, created schools and clinics • Did not understand the people. Saw them as children needing guidance (paternalistic)

EUROPEAN ADVANCE (CONT…) At the Berlin, Germany conference it was decided that European power could not claim African territory unless it had a government office there. This led Europeans to send officials to dominate the existing African people and take their land. At the Berlin, Germany conference they recognized King Leopold’s claims to the Congo and Niger Rivers. Leopold and other wealthy Belgians exploited the copper, rubber, and ivory of the land. They brutalized and mutilated laborers and African villagers. • King Leopold II of Belgium hired Stanley to explore the Congo River basin and arrange trade treaties with African leaders. • King Leopold considered himself civilizing the African people from barbarism. • He wanted conquest and profit. • Britain, France, and Germany wanted claims to the region • To avoid war over African land, Europeans held a conference in Berlin, Germany. No Africans were invited.

FRANCE AND BRITAIN 1830’s France invaded and conquered Algeria in North Africa By late 1800’s France won West and Central Africa, and alone the Mediterranean into Tunisia. Its empire was the size of the United States of America. Britain won chunks of West and East Africa, Egypt, and the south Sudan

THE BOER WAR Lasted from 1899 to 1902, between the Britain's and Boers At that time, the Boers had set up republic governments in the southern Africa. However, the discovery of gold and diamonds led to conflict The British won, setting up a Caucasian government which set off racial segregation until 1993

AFRICANS RESIST IMPERIALISM Europeans met armed resistance across the continent: The Algerians battled the French in West Africa The British battled the Zulus in South Africa The Germans battled the Yao and Herero Ethiopia and Liberia were the only African lands to keep their independence

MENELIK II Won over European imperialism Allowed his daughter to marry John IV’s son After John died, he took the throne He used profits from ivory to buy guns Modernized his country with roads and bridges, and set up a Western school system He conquered lands and the Italians at Adowa Europeans rushed to have ties with him

PICTURE TIMELINE PROCESS #3 REVIEW THE FOLLOWING Create a timeline of Africa’s history from 1800 -1914 using only pictures www. history. com/this-day-in-history/boer-war-begins-in-southafrica www. douglasyaney. com/mc 895 -bio. htm exhibitions. nypl. org/africanaage/essay-resistance. html www. readhow. com/how-did-ethiopians-resist-imperialism http: //numberwarrior. wordpress. com/2008/02/08/math-timeline

ESSAY PROCESS #4 REPORT ON YOUR FINDINGS 1) What does it feel like when someone takes something that belongs to you? How do you think the African people felt when their land was taken from them? Describe these feelings in a three page essay. 2) In a persuasive essay, ARGUE FOR European colonization of Africa. In a three page essay, use three arguments that could be used in favor of European colonization of Africa. 3) Create a Venn diagram that compares European colonization from the European standpoint versus that of the African people standpoint. Summarize your thoughts in a three page essay. 4) What forces were shaping Africa in the 1800’s? Summarize your thoughts in a three page essay.

CONCLUSION “During the Age of Imperialism, a Western-educated African elite, or upper class, emerged. Some middle class Africans admired Western ways and rejected their own culture. Others valued their African traditions and condemned Western societies…by the early 1900’s African leaders were forging nationalistic movements to pursue self determination and independence” -Ellis and Esler

EVALUATION RUBRIC SUPERB/ 4 POINTS GOOD/ 2 -1 POINT(s) The student completed all necessary task by the due date of December 1, 2015. The quality of the work was exceptional: The work was turned in on time, but lack attention to detail (-1 point) Process 1: MAP Process 2: DIORAMA Process 3: PICTURE TIMELINE Process 4: ESSAY The work was not turned in on time, but attention to detail is noticeable (-1 point) The work was late and the projects did not meet specifications per the given directions (-2 points)

BIBLIOGRAPHY USA Today, China eases ‘one birth’ policy to boost births, 2015 Time, Here’s how China’s One-Child Policy Started in the First Place, 2015 World History: The Modern Era, Ellis & Esler, 2007 Naval History Magazine, Who’s in Charge Here, Alexander, J. 1997