Aedes Mosquito Control Measures Anti Larval Measures Breeding

Aedes Mosquito Control Measures

Anti Larval Measures • Breeding source reduction is critical activity for Aedes control • Treating the breeding source with chemical larvicide as an emergency measure and also for large unused container until it is destroyed or made Aedes proof

Application of Temephos • Treat the breeding source with chemical larvicide namely Temephos 50% EC at the rate of 1 part per million. Note: The anti larval activity is for 1 week cycle which is based on the mosquito life cycle

Temephos Formulation Larvicide Temephos Genus Aedes Dilution / preparation of Stock Solution Dosage of Stock Solution Frequency 2 ml in one litre of water 1 ml per 1 litre of stored water Weekly

Application of Temephos • The stock solution should be applied @ 1 ml / 1 litre of water • However, source reduction of mosquito breeding sites like tyre, coconut shells, grinding stones, plastic cups, broken pots etc is the best method of controlling Aedes mosquito breeding.

Application of Temephos • All the water storage utensils sumps, cisterns etc should be closed tightly in order to prevent mosquito breeding. • On an average 0. 5 ml of Temephos 50% EC is required to treat 250 litres of water sources in every house.

Anti Adult Measures • Anti adult measures against Aedes is mainly indoor thermal fogging operation utilizing the mixture of 1 part of Pyrethrum 2% extract with 19 parts of diesel. • This mixture (solution) is fogged indoors using specialized fog machines.

Anti Adult Measures • The thermal fogging operation is to be done based on microplan • Since the Aedes mosquitoes are active during day time, thermal fogging operation is also conducted during the day time to achieve complete elimination of these vector mosquitoes

Adulticide Formulation Adulticide Pyrethrum Extract Commercial Formulation for application 2% 1: 19 – 1 part of 2% Pyrethrum Extract in 19 parts of kerosene / diesel

Guidelines on Thermal Fogging • Thermal fogging is critical tool available for control Dengue / Chikungunya. • The selection of places, time, type of machines, insecticide and formulation plays a pivotal role in the operation

Type of Application Type of Fogging Machine to be used Indoor • Hand operated mini fog machine • Portable shoulder held thermal fogging machine Outdoor • Portable shoulder held thermal fogging machine • Vehicle Mounted Fogging Machine

Indoor Fogging Guidelines 1. Indoor fogging has to be done for Aedes mosquito control. 2. Indoor fogging means, fogging the insecticide using portable fogging machine or mini hand fog machine inside the house and in the peri domestic area.

Indoor Fogging Guidelines 3. Residents should be educated before the fogging operation to keep the food covered, children and all inmates are kept outside the house. 4. All windows and doors to be closed for at least 15 minutes after the fogging operation to keep the fog inside.

Indoor Fogging Guidelines 5. For a single storey building fogging to be done through the front door, for multi storey building the fogging to be carried out from upper floor to the lower floor. 6. On an average 200 ml of Pyrethrum and 4 litre of diesel are mixed for fogging and 1 litre of petrol is required for running the machine to fog 100 houses or 500 population with portable fogging machine.

Indoor Fogging Guidelines 7. On an average 125 ml of Pyrethrum, 2. 5 litre diesel is mixed for fogging and 1 LPG cylinder is required for running the machine to fog 60 houses or 300 population with mini fogging machine.

Outdoor Fogging 1. Outdoor Fogging Operation to be done always against the wind. 2. For vehicle mounted fog machine the vehicle should move at a speed of 6 to 8 kmph. 3. At least one round of the fogging should be carried out within each breeding cycle i. e. 8 to 10 days.

Outdoor Fogging 4. On an average 60 litre of pyrethrum, 114 litre diesel are mixed for fogging and 20 litre petrol is required for running the machine fogging 1300 houses or 6500 population with Vehicle Mounted Fogging Machine.

Outdoor Fogging Timings For Aedes control fogging has to be done during day time between 8 am to 5 pm preferably Morning – 8 am to 11 am Evening – 3 pm to 5 pm

Measures for Assessing the impact of Aedes Control Measures

House Index HI = No. of Houses infested No. of Houses Inspected X 100 (>10% - High risk ; <1% - Low risk)

Container index The percentage of water holding containers infested with Aedes larvae or pupae CI = No. of positive containers No. of containers Inspected X 100

Breteau Index No. of positive containers per 100 inspected houses BI = No. of positive containers No. of Houses inspected X 100 (> 50 % - High risk; < 5% - Low risk)

Pupal Index Number of pupae per house Number of pupae PI = Number of Houses inspected X 100

Tools to be available with every team • • • Torch light Chloroscope Hammer Crow bar Laddle • Pamphlets • Temephos • Fogging machines • Bleaching powder