Advisory Agenda Focus How can making informed decisions

Advisory Agenda Focus: How can making informed decisions improve the quality of my life? Objective: I can analyze the 3 Cs of effective decision-making. Tasks: Making Decisions Spirit Read/Discussion -My “Everyday Decisions” (17 -23) Everybody Writes Share Out

Natural Selection Unit 6: Evolution

Objectives -SWBAT demonstrate their comprehension of natural selection as it relates to genetic variation and environmental pressures by analyzing the parallels that exist between real life and fictional characters (Pokémon ). -SWBAT evaluate scenarios of speciation and natural selection by constructing a graphic organizer.

Metamorphism Vs. Evolution Many people get these confused! Metamorphosis is the complete change in body structure of an individual that happens quickly during their lifetime. What’s a common real life example of metamorphism?

Caterpillars to Butterflies!

Agenda FOCUS: How is natural selection a driving force of evolution? How can we analyze the evidence for evolution? I can prepare for a comprehensive test. I can analyze the importance of natural selection as a means of causing evolution. TASKS: Presentation Prep Evolution of Human Skin Color Documentary and Analysis Questions Extension: Current Events

Evolution is the change in heritable characteristics of a population over successive generations. What makes a characteristic heritable?

A: A characteristic is heritable if it is genetic, and thus, will get passed on from parent to offspring and so on Modern species evolved from earlier, different species and share a common ancestor. Ex: You might have heard that Humans and Chimpanzees share a common ancestor.

Using your newfound knowledge of natural selection, propose reasons for why the yellow Bulbasaur became so prevalent in Generation 10, and outcompeted the regular (green) Bulbasaurs. .

Charles Darwin Father of Evolution Proposed a mechanism for evolution, natural selection “Fit” organisms are better adapted to their environment and are able to successfully pass on their genes. Unfit organisms usually die. It doesn’t matter if it’s a “strong” or “weak” organism. • Wrote a book, “Origin of the Species”

Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection occurs in four steps: Overproduction Variation Competition Selection

1. Overproduction Each species produces more offspring that can survive

2. Variation Each individual has a unique combination of inherited traits. Adaptation: an inherited trait that increases an organism’s chances of survival

What adaptations do you see?

What adaptations do you see?

Why is Variation Important? Because the environment changes. The more variation within a species, species the more likely it will survive EX: If everyone is the same, they are all vulnerable to the same environmental changes or diseases The more variation of types of species in an habitat, the more likely at least some will survive EX: Dinosaurs replaced by mammals

Which community has a better chance of surviving a natural disaster? Community A Community B

3. Competition Individuals COMPETE for limited resources: Food, water, space, mates Natural selection occurs through “Survival of the fittest” fittest Fitness: Fitness the ability to survive and reproduce Not all individuals survive to adulthood

4. Selection The individuals with the best traits / adaptations will survive and have the opportunity to pass on it’s traits to offspring. Natural selection acts on the phenotype (physical appearance), not the genotype (genetic makeup) Ex: When a predator finds its prey, it is due to the prey’s physical characteristics, like color or slow speed, not the alleles (BB, Bb)

Individuals with traits that are not well suited to their environment either die or leave few offspring. Evolution occurs when advantageous traits build up in a population over many generations and “bad” traits are eliminated by the death of the individuals

Peppered Moth A Which moth will the bird catch? B

Evidence for Evolution: Fossil Record Homologous Body Structures Vestigial Organs Embryology Biochemical Evidence

The Fossil Record Fossils: Fossils a record of the history of life on Earth

Archaeopteryx Missing link between reptiles and birds

Homologous Body Structures Homologous Body Structures: Structures similar anatomy in different types of animals because of common ancestor

Vestigial Organs Vestigial Organs: “leftover” traces of evolution that serve no purpose

Embryology Embryology: Embryology embryos of all vertebrates are very similar early on

Biochemical Evidence Biochemistry: Biochemistry DNA with more similar sequences suggest species are more closely related EX: Humans and chimpanzees share more than 98% of identical DNA sequences

Learning Goals 1. Define "Evolution" & "Natural Selection". 2. Describe the 4 steps of Natural Selection, giving an example of each. 3. Explain the importance of "Variation". 4. Does Natural Selection act on an organism phenotype or genotoype? Explain! 5. List the 5 evidences that support the Theory of Evolution.

Coral Snake (Poisonous) Milk Snake (Not poisonous)

Stick Mantid

Flower Mantid