ADVERBS By Thanuvi Thalagala WHATS AN ADVERB Adverb

ADVERBS By Thanuvi Thalagala

WHAT’S AN ADVERB? Adverb: a word used for describing a verb (an action) – e. g. , he walks slowly, an adjective – e. g. , it’s incredibly expensive, another adverb, or a whole sentence – he works very hard. . Adverbs in English often consist of an adjective with „-ly” added, for example „quickly”, „mainly, ” and „cheerfully. ”

ADVERBS OF MANNER Describe how somebody does something. They usually go AFTER the verb or verb phrase, however, with passive verbs they usually go in mid-position (before the main verb but after an auxiliary verb). He runs very fast. The driver was seriously injured.

He skipped ______ down the road to school. NEX T happy happily You got it!

She sings beautifully. She is a _____ singer. NEX T good well You got it!

They planned their holidays in Spain very _____. NEX T carefully You got it!

My sister is a ____ girl. She is friendly with everyone. NEX T nicely You got it!

I don’t want to go with him. He drives too ____. NEX T well fast You got it!

They could see the movie because they finished their work very ____. NEX T quickly You got it!

They are fantastic dancers. They dance really _______. NEX T good well You got it!

Please, turn the radio down. It’s too ____. NEX T loudly You got it!

This bus is too _______. We will be late for school. NEX T slowly You got it!

This dog is ____. He can’t stand a hungry cat. NEX T angry angrily You got it!

I can’t hear her. She speaks too ____. NEX T quietly You got it!

This street is too noisy. I’m getting _____. EXIT nervously You got it!

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY Go before the main verb but after the verb to be. I hardly ever have time for breakfast. (almost never) Liam’s always late for work. Karen realized that she was never going to learn to drive. Sometimes, usually, and normally can also be put at the beginning of the phrase or sentence for emphasis. If there are two auxiliary verbs, the adverb goes after the first one. I would never have thought you were 40.

I read a book everyday. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27

I always read a book. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27

I play the saxophone five times a week. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27

I usually play the saxophone. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27

I ride my bike twice a week. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27

I often ride my bike. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27

I play basketball once a week. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27

I sometimes play basketball. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27

I go to the cinema once a month. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27

I rarely go to the cinema. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27

I don’t drink alcohol. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27

I never drink alcohol. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 7 14 21 28 1 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27

always usually often sometimes rarely never 0 % 100 % Remember

once twice three times four times five times Remember 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

I ride my bike twice a week. I ______ ride my bike always usually often sometimes rarely never Complete the sentences

I walk my dog everyday. I _______ walk my dog. always usually often sometimes rarely never Complete the sentences

I play the saxophone five times a week. I _____ play it. always usually often sometimes rarely never Complete the sentences

I go to the cinema once a month. I _______ go to the cinema. always usually often sometimes rarely never Complete the sentences

I don’t drink alcohol. I _______ drink alcohol. always usually often sometimes rarely never Complete the sentences

I play basketball once a week. I _______ play basketball. always usually often sometimes rarely never Complete the sentences

ADVERBS OF TIME AND PLACE …. Usually go at the end of a sentence or clause. Place adverbs usually go before time adverbs. (PLACE, TIME) My parents will be here in half an hour. My parents will be in half an hour here.

YESTERDAY ALREADY NEXT SATURDAY SHE WILL GO TO THE BEACH ________

YET ALREADY STILL THEY HAVE ________ STUDIED FOR THE TEST

YET ALREADY YESTERDAY THEY HAVEN’T WRITTEN THE ESSAY _______

LAST WEEKEND ALREADY AT THE MOMENT WHAT ARE YOU DOING _______ ?

YET ALREADY YESTERDAY THEY HAVEN’T WRITTEN THE ESSAY _______

LAST WEEKEND ALREADY AT THE MOMENT WHAT ARE YOU DOING _______ ?

NEXT SATURDAY AFTERNOON YESTERDAY ALREADY WHAT ARE YOU DOING ________ ?

NEXT WEEKEND AN HOUR AGO YET MY FAMILY LEFT ________

TWO YEARS AGO LAST WEEK SOON THEY’LL COME BACK VERY ________

LAST NIGHT YET ALREADY HAS SHE STUDIED ___________ ?

JUST NEVER HAVE YOU ______ BEEN TO TORRES DEL PAINE?

LAST WEEK A LONG TIME AGO ALREADY CARS WERE INVENTED ___________

LATELY A LONG TIME AGO ALREADY SHE HASN’T COME TO SCHOOL_______

LAST WEEK NEXT SUMMER ALREADY THEY ARE GOING TO GET MARRIED_______

NOW YESTERDAY YET WE ARE LEARNING THE ADVERBS OF TIME ________

NOW LAST NIGHT LATER THIS EVENING SHE IS GOING TO DO HER HOMEWORK _______

TOMORROW AFTERNOON A LITTLE WHILE AGO NEXT WEEK I CAME BACK HOME _______

JUST ALREADY YET HAS SHE DONE HER HOMEWORK _______?

JUST YET EVER WE HAVE ______ SPOKEN TO THE TEACHER.

JUST ALREADY BEFORE HAVE YOU EVER BEEN THERE _______?

ADVERBS OF DEGREE Describe how much something is done, or modify an adjective. Extremely, incredibly, very, etc. , are used with adjectives and adverbs and go before them. We’re incredibly tired. A lot and much are often used with verbs and go after the verb or verb phrase. My husband works a lot, but he doesn’t earn much. A little/a little bit can be used before adjectives or after verbs, e. g. , I’m a little tired. We rested a little bit after the flight.

ADVERS OF DEGREE OR MODIFIERS THEY MODIFY ADVERBS OR ADJECTIVES BY MAKING THEIR MEANING STRONGER OR WEAKER, SO THEY PRECEDE THEM

ADVERBS OF DEGREE THAT STRENGHTEN TOO VERY EXTREMELY REALLY ABSOLUTELY DEFINITELY Example. IT’S TOO LATE TO GO THAT IS ABSOLUTELY STUPID

OTHER ADVERBS OF DEGREE THAT STRENGHTEN FAIRLY RATHER FAIRLY: IS USED WITH ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS WITH POSITIVE MEANING , WHEREAS RATHER IS USED WITH ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS WITH NEGATIVE MEANING

EXAMPLES: IT IS A FAIRLY GOOD MOVIE. IT WAS A RATHER BORING REPORT.

QUITE IT CAN BE USED IN FRONT OF: AMAZING PERFECT HORRIBLE FULL RIGHT WRONG CERTAIN SURE READY Example. YOU ARE QUITE RIGHT HE IS QUITE CERTAIN

ENOUGH IT CAN BE USED ONLY AFTER ADJECTIVES Example. YOU ARE OLD ENOUGH HE IS TALL ENOUGH

REALLY ABSOLUTELY QUITE Example YOU ARE REALLY GREAT IT IS ABSOLUTELY WONDERFUL THEY CAN BE USED IN FRONT OF ADJECTIVES WITH SUPERLATIVE MEANING: HUGE ENORMOUS IMPOSSIBLE WONDERFUL MARVELLOUS AWFUIL FANTASTIC GREAT ESSENTIAL ULTIMATE

REALLY ABSOLUTELY QUITE Example. YOU ARE REALLY GREAT IT IS ABSOLUTELY WONDERFUL THEY CAN BE USED IN FRONT OF ADJECTIVES WITH SUPERLATIVE MEANING: HUGE ENORMOUS IMPOSSIBLE WONDERFUL MARVELLOUS AWFUIL FANTASTIC GREAT ESSENTIAL ULTIMATE

ADVERBS OF DEGREE THAT MODIFY VERBS NEARLY ALMOST HARDLY SCARCELY BARELY JUST QUITE (*) RATHER (*) ONLY AT THE END OF THE SENTENCE: VERY MUCH A LOT

Example SHE ALMOST FAINTED. I COULD ONLY SAY A FEW WORDS. HE CAN HARDLY BREATHE THEY ENJOYED THE CONCERT VERY MUCH.

EXCLAMATORY EXPRESSIONS SO SUCH A SO: BEFORE ADJECTIVE OR ADVERBS Example SHE IS SO CUTE. SUCH A: BEFORE ADJECTIVE + NOUN Example HE IS SUCH A GOOD STUDENT

COMMENT ADVERBS Which give the speaker’s opinion Usually go at the beginning of a sentence or clause. Unfortunately, the package never arrived. Ideally, we should leave here at 10: 00. Other common comment adverbs are luckily, basically, clearly, obviously, apparently, eventually, etc.

OTHER ADVERBS Most other adverbs go in mid-position, e. g. , I just need ten more minutes. I almost forgot to go to class. I’m nearly finished with my work. She didn’t even say goodbye. She’ll probably come in the end. Before the main verb.

ADVERBIAL QUIZ! WHAT KIND OF ADVERB IS IT? (MANNER, FREQUENCY, TIME AND PLACE, DEGREE OR COMMENT? ) 1. Immediately 2. Unfortunately 3. Incredibly 4. Shouted angrily 5. Normally 6. Slightly 7. Last month 8. A lot 9. Eventually 10. Here 1. Time 2. Comment 3. Degree 4. Manner 5. Frequency 6. Degree 7. Time 8. Degree 9. Comment 10. Place

ADVERBIAL QUIZ Correct the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 1. She liked very much the present. Mark came last night very late 2. home. A young man was injured badly 3. and was taken to the hospital. She’s lazy a little bit about 4. doing her homework. I forgot your birthday almost, 5. but fortunately my sister reminded me. We luckily had taken an umbrella because it started to 6. rain just after we left. Jack has been apparently fired. She liked the present very much. Mark came home very late last night. A young man was badly injured and was taken to the hospital. She’s a little bit lazy about doing her homework. I almost forgot your birthday, but fortunately my sister reminded me. Luckily we had taken an umbrella because it started to rain just after we left.

CONFUSING ADVERBS AND ADVERBIAL PHRASES HARD ~ He works very hard – he’s very persistent. HARDLY? It’s incredibly dark. I can hardly see anything. What’s the difference? What is the meaning of these adverbs? HARD: very much, needing a lot of effort HARDLY: almost NOT

LATE ~ LATELY? �I don’t like when my mother arrives late for the dinner. �I haven’t seen Larissa lately. She must work a lot. What’s the difference? LATE: not being on time. LATELY: these days, nowadays, recently.

AT THE END ~ IN THE END? At the end of the class we always get the homework. It took me two years, but in the end I passed my driving test. What’s the difference? �At the end: when something has finished, e. g. , at the end of the class / movie etc. �In the end: eventually, after a period of time or series of events or difficulties.

ESPECIALLY ~ SPECIALLY? I love all kinds of sport, but especially Thai-Chi. My graduation dress was specially made for me by a dressmaker. What’s the difference? �ESPECIALLY: above all (principalmente) �SPECIALLY: in a particular way or a particular purpose, only used with a participle, e. g. , It’s a specially designed umbrella. (exclusivamente)

ACTUALLY ~ RIGHT NOW? He looks older than me, but actually he is two years younger. Right now we’re sharing an apartment, but hoping to move soon. �ACTUALLY: IN FACT �RIGHT NOW: now

NEARLY ~ NEAR? I’ve nearly done my homework. I’m on the last page. Sorry madam, do you know if there is a bank near here? What’s the difference? �NEARLY: almost �NEAR: close

STILL~YET? He hasn’t found a job yet. He still hasn’t found a job. What’s the difference? �YET: goes at �STILL: in the end of a phrase mid position

EVER ~ EVEN? �Have you ever been to the US? �I’ve been all over the US– I’ve even to Alaska. What’s the difference? EVER: at any time in the past, present or future EVEN: used for showing that you are saying something that is SURPRISING. been