ADVERBIAL CLAUSES Reason Clause Result Clause Purpose Clause

ADVERBIAL CLAUSES Reason Clause Result Clause Purpose Clause

Reason Clause An adverbial reason clause answers the question “Why? ” A reason clause is introduced by the subordinators because, since, and as. For example: • Yuda got the best score for writing class because the lecturer is his father. • Today is very hot as it is not raining. • I cannot wear a skirt since I am a man.

Result Clause An adverbial result clause expresses the result of what is stated in the independent clause. A result clause is introduced by: • So + adjective/adverb + that • Such a(n) + noun phrase + that • So much/many + noun phrase + that • So little/few + noun phrase + that

Examples • New textbooks are so expensice that many students buy used ones. • The cost of education is rising so rapidly that students are looking for ways to cut costs. • The library is such a big place that I couldn’t find the book I needed. • There is always so much noise in the dormitory that I can’t study there. • There were so many students waiting in line to register for classes that I decided to come back later.

Purpose Clause An adverbial purpose clause states the purpose of the action in the independent clause. The purpose clause is introduced by the subordinators so that or in order that (formal). The modals may/might, can/could, will/would, or have to usually occur in a purpose clause. Examples: • Farmers use chemical pesticides so that they can grow bigger harvest. • Farmers also spray their fields in order that consumers might enjoy unblemished fruits and vegetables.

Make clauses (reason, result and purpose) by using: 1. Because 2. Since 3. As 4. So + adjective/adverb + that 5. Such a(n) + noun phrase + that 6. So much + noun phrase + that 7. So many + noun phrase + that 8. So little + noun phrase + that 9. So few + noun phrase + that 10. So that 11. In order that