Advancing the Upgrading of Informal Settlements in Buffalo
Advancing the Upgrading of Informal Settlements in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality August 2018
Background to presentation �CS Consulting appointed by NDo. HS and NUSP and developed for the BCMM: 1. Informal settlement upgrading policy and strategy, & 2. 32 upgrading plans �Project completed in early 2015. On 25/11/2015 Council approved the Policy & Strategy and the 32 upgrading plans �CS Consulting approached by community to find out when upgrading would start we sent them to Municipality community not getting clear answers they came back to us for advise �CS Consulting therefore making the recommendations found in this presentation for how to advance implementation
Round 1 informal settlements Scenery park cluster Scenery Park – Phola Park Scenery Park - Airport Scenery Park - Eskom Scenery Park - Ekuphumleni Scenery Park - Manto Reeston- Jevon Amalinda/ Cambridge cluster Amalinda Forest Cambridge Location KWT cluster Bhisho-Tyutyu Dimbaza South ext. 3 -Phola Park Zwelitsha- Ndlovini / Crossroads Duncan Village cluster Eluxolweni Duncan Village- Gesini Duncan Village- New Rest 209 39 79 98 96 115 1184 1341 465 35 65 701 185 250 Mdantsane cluster - north Barcelona Ladies Park Lonwabo Mbekweni Holomisa Mdantsane- Masibambane Mdantsane- Phola Park Zola Park 1, 2 and 3 Mahlangu Mdantsane- Stofile Village Mdantsane cluster - south Andrew Mlangeni Mdantsane- Khaylethu Mdantsane-Nkomponi Mdantsane- Dacawa Winnie Mdantsane- Daluxolo 1 Mdantsane-Slovo Park Mdantsane-Mark Makalima 37 41 31 53 120 35 150 97 214 75 89 150 172 253 164 111 280 40
Amalinda Forest
Eluxoloweni
Ndlovini
Barcelona
Daluxolo
Jevon
Community participation Mdantsane North A
Upgrading example Example of plans �Three slides �Example map 1 – existing �Example map 2 – interventions �Example map 3 – future upgrading option/ path 1. Existing information
Upgrading example Example of plans �Three slides �Example map 1 – existing �Example map 2 – interventions �Example map 3 – future upgrading option/ path 3. Upgrading Options
Upgrading example Example of plans �Three slides �Example map 1 – existing �Example map 2 – interventions �Example map 3 – future upgrading option/ path 2. Spatial Interventions
Budget per Settlement BUDGET PER SETTLEMENT Settlement Toilet (R’s) Water (R’s) Path (R’s) Elect (R’s) Play park (R’s) Total (R’s) Scenery Park Cluster R 2, 023, 297. 05 R 924, 880. 73 R 2, 433, 804. 72 R 5, 724, 000. 00 R 400, 000. 00 11, 505, 982, 50 Amalinda/ Cambridge Cluster R 3, 853, 642. 96 R 1, 553, 044. 77 R 7, 959, 118. 80 R 22, 725, 000. 00 R 300, 000. 00 36, 390, 806. 53 R 547, 438. 86 R 370, 618. 90 R 5, 555, 425. 92 R 5, 085, 000. 00 R 300, 000. 00 11, 858, 483, 68 Mdantsane Cluster South R 1, 667, 267. 19 A R 791, 579. 97 R 2, 129, 580. 98 R 6, 417, 000. 00 R 300, 000. 00 11, 305, 428. 14 Mdantsane Cluster South B R 793, 044. 87 R 419, 648. 77 R 2, 117, 913. 96 R 4, 914, 000. 00 R 200, 000. 00 8, 444, 607. 60 Mdantsane Cluster North A R 681, 494. 73 R 291, 058. 29 R 1, 326, 995. 86 R 2, 331, 000. 00 R 100, 000. 00 4, 730, 548, 88 Mdantsane Cluster North B R 729, 517. 75 R 460, 695. 09 R 1, 028, 777. 75 R 5, 346, 000. 00 R 200, 000. 00 7, 764, 990. 59 Duncan Village Cluster R 912, 048. 08 R 420, 830. 93 KWT Cluster TOTAL R 950, 194. 56 R 10, 224, 000. 00 R 300, 000. 00 12, 807, 073. 57 R 104, 807, 921. 40
Upgrading approaches per settlement Settlement No. units Scenery Park stay/ shift Settlement 2 step move X SP – Phola Park 209 Scenery Park - Airport 39 Scenery Park - Eskom 79 SP - Ekuphumleni 98 X Scenery Park - Manto 96 X Reeston- Jevon 115 Duncan Village X No. units Mdantsane south A stay/ 2 step move shift Mdantsane- Khaylethu 150 Mdantsane-Nkomponi 172 Mdantsane- Daluxolo 1 111 X Mdantsane-Slovo Park 280 X Mdantsane south B Andrew Mlangeni 89 Mdantsane- Dacawa 253 Winnie 164 Mda -Mark Makalima 40 X Mdansane north A X X x X X X X X X Amalinda Forest 1184 X Barcelona 37 Cambridge Location 1341 X Ladies Park 41 X Lonwabo 31 X Mbekweni 53 Zola Park 1, 2 and 3 97 KWT X Bhisho-Tyutyu 465 X Dimbaza -Phola Park 35 X Zwelitsha- Ndlovini 65 X Holomisa 120 Md- Masibambane 35 Mdantsane- Phola Park 150 Mahlangu 214 Duncan Village Eluxolweni 701 Duncan Village- Gesini 185 DV- New Rest 250 Mdantsane north B X x X Mdantsane- Stofile Village 75 x 6974 X X X X X 11 X 12 15
Informal Settlements. Current situation q The number of informal dwellings in BCMM has increased from 49 000 in 2011 to 62 000 in 2016 or at a rate of 2 600 units per annum. q Informal dwellings now make up about 25% of the total number of households in the Metro Source: Community Survey 2016
Growth of informal settlements over time: The case of Duncan Village: 1989 - 2013
Growth of informal settlements over time: Duncan Village: 1989 - 2013
Shacks spring up – with no control By MAMELA GOWA on May 3, 2016 http: //www. dispatchlive. co. za/news/shacks-spring-up-with-no-control/ GROWING THREAT: Informal settlements continue to sprawl around BCM, causing concern over illegal electricity connections, health dangers due to no services, and more. Picture: SIBONGILE NGALWA 21
Housing demand supply �Number of years it would take for the BCMM to address the housing backlog and anticipated future 20 year housing demand at current RDP housing delivery rates: Ø 50 years (from Upgrading informal Settlement Strategy 2015 based on statistics available at the time) Ø Up to 100 years (Based on updated statistics) See next page for statistics used
Statistics used Original estimate Updated estimate Housing backlog = 55, 500 (40, 500 shacks + 15, 000 backyard shacks) Housing backlog = 57, 000 households (BCMM BEPP 2015/6 ) Future 20 year housing need Future housing need = 14, 500 households Future 20 year housing need = 69, 000 households (80% of future projected 20 year growth assuming continuation of population growth rates ) Total backlog and future need = 71, 000 Total backlog and future need = households 126, 000 households Average number units built per year = 1, 400 units (average 2007/8 to 2011/12) Average number units built per year = 1, 244 (average 2007/8 to 2014/15) Number years to address backlog and future need = about 50 years Number years to address backlog and future need = about 100 years
Outcome 8 MTSF 2015 -2019 �By 2019 provide at least 750 000 households in well located informal settlements with tenure, basic services and access to amenities. �Provision of tenure and services in well located informal settlements seen as first step in an incremental process to transform informal settlements into sustainable human settlements. �The 6, 974 households in Round 1 of the 32 informal settlements form part of government’s commitments to the target of 750 000 households MTSF = Medium Term Strategic Framework
Urban Settlements Development Grant �The USDG provides infrastructure for municipal services and the upgrading of informal settlements in the eight metropolitan municipalities. �Outputs include but not limited to: Ø Increase in provision of basic services to individual poor households, specifically in informal settlements and back yards, including water, sanitation, solid waste, electricity, refuse removal, roads and access to transport Ø Increase in number of serviced sites in informal settlements upgrading and/or in-situ projects and green-fields and/or infill developments
Comments on Urban Settlement Development Grant • Supplements the capital revenues of Metros in order to support the national human settlements development programme, focusing on poor households. (Division of Revenue Bill 2016) o A minimum of 50 per cent of the USDG allocation must be spent on the provision of individual basic services to households living in informal settlements either through insitu upgrades, relocation or integrated development projects (p. 193) o Up to three per cent of the USDG may be used to fund municipal capacity in the built environment. (p 104)
UISP FUNDING �The key instrument for delivery against the target is the Upgrading Informal Settlements Programme (UISP). Part 3 of the National Housing Code (2007) sets out the main objectives of the UISP as follows: Ø Facilitate structured in-situ upgrading of informal settlements as opposed to relocation Ø Recognise and formalise the tenure rights of residents within informal settlements Ø Provide affordable and sustainable basic municipal engineering infrastructure, that allows for scaling up in the future Ø Address social and economic exclusion by focusing on community empowerment and the promotion of social and economic integration. Ø Build social capital through participative processes and address broader social needs of communities.
Informal settlement upgrading programme: Grant amounts available with effect from 1 April 2014 Phase 1 Survey, registration, participation, facilitation, dispute resolution etc. Geotechnical investigation Land acquisition Pre-Planning Interim engineering services Phase 2 and 3 Detailed town planning land surveying and pegging Contour survey land survey examination fee Civil engineer's fee Site supervision fees permanent engineering services provision: B grade level- guideline amount Project Management Relocation grants Transportations and loading costs for people and household effects Social service support including support for the registration of social benefits, school registration and other welfare support Relocation food support to households Maximum cost per household 3% of project cost R 114. 06 R 3 247. 66 R 978. 64 R 3 680. 69 R 513. 22 R 380. 17 R 76. 04 R 117. 85 R 1 140. 50 R 288. 90 R 23 513. 38 8% of total cost R 487. 15 R 368. 07 R 606. 24 R 1 461. 46
Slovo Park Informal Settlement Johannesburg High Court Judgement 22 March 2016: Case no. 02752/2014 �The judgment establishes that the UISP, a crucial, pro-poor national housing policy, is binding on all Municipalities: ØIt shows that it is unlawful and unreasonable for any Municipality to ignore the programme. ØIt makes it clear than upgrading should be preferred to relocation. ØIt confirms that the UISP is the starting point when looking at housing developments for the residents of informal settlements. http: //www. dailymaverick. co. za/article/2016 -04 -11 -upgradinginformal-settlements-the-importance-of-the-slovo-parkjudgment/#. WEk 4 wb. J 97 IU
Upgrading policy and strategy Three pronged approach Ø A. Upgrade informal settlements ØB. Develop serviced sites ØC. Control land invasion
Status of three prongs Upgrading � Not implementing in-situ upgrading plans; focusing on relocation or ‘two-step’ to RDP houses B. Develop serviced sites � Not fund raising for development of serviced sites; focusing on RDP houses C. Control invasion � Existing land management policy not being implemented A.
A: PRONG 1: Upgrade informal settlements Key activities 1. 2. 3. 4. Get more training on upgrading informal settlements Report back to community Allocate/ obtain funding for and implement upgrading of 32 informal settlements Identify and plan for round 2 informal settlements
Upgrading paths
Comments on upgrading of informal settlements �Relocation of informal settlement residents to RDP houses is not Upgrading of Informal Settlements - it is an IRDP project. �Township establishment does not have to happen when upgrading to Stage 2 of UISP - township establishment happens in Stage 3. ØStage 1: Interim planning ØStage 2: Basic services & tenure recognition ØStage 3: Detailed planning, full services & title deeds ØStage 4: Top structures (use other grants – eg. e. PHP)
Summary of funding approach �All round 1 informal settlements (no matter which path they on – stay, 2 step or move) get basic services (using USDG funds) and basic tenure recognition (using CWP funds) �For stay/ shift - UISP stage 1&2 to do planning & put in basic services (now); & stage 3&4 build services and houses for qualifiers (later) �For 2 step – USDG to get temporary land; EHP to get temporary housing’; UISP stage 1&2 to put in basic services (now); & stage 3&4 to put in services and build houses for qualifiers (later) �For Move - USDG to get land bulk services; IRDP part A for internal services (now); & part B for top structure (later)
Implementation �Who applies to whom �Housing Directorate applies to Provincial Human Settlements for UISP stage 1&2 grant �For what activities �Detailed planning, township establishment, servicing �At what budget �+/- R 36, 000 per site �To be used where? �Informal settlements on stay/shift path
Examples of services Pre payment electricity Refuse collection Communal toilet Basic path Public lights Basic road Pedestrian bridge 37
Funding immediate: Engineering services Who applies to whom Engineering Dir. USDG Housing Dir. Province for SEFG Housing Dir. Province for UISP (stage 1&2) Electricity Dept. INEP For what Initial basic services At what budget As per budget table Halls, play areas As per budget To be used where All round 1 settlements Identified settlements Professional fees and basic services +R 36, 000/ site (for stage 1&2) Settlements on stay/shift path Pre- paid electricity per house +/- R 9000 -00 All round 1 settlements
Funding immediate: Capacity, planning, land, etc Who applies to whom For what Planning Dir Training in upgrading NUSP Housing Dir. CWP Community workers to do shack counts Land Admin Land purchase USDG Housing Dir. (National Treasury) Capacity building or (Province) accreditation Planning Dir. NUSP Upgrading informal settlement manager Planning for round 2 upgrading At what budget TBD To be used where For Councillors and officials in BCMM At rate determined by All round 1 informal CWP settlements As negotiated per Land as determined land parcel by planning dept for 1) stay/shift & 2) move settlements Integrated national To manage all electrification upgrading initiatives Programme (Municipal) grant About R 100, 000/ settlement For planning of round 2 settlements
Funding future Who applies to whom Housing Dir. Province for UISP (stage 2&3) Housing Dir. Province EHP Housing Dir. Province for IRDP For what At what budget To be used where Full services and top R 110, 000/site (plus Households in structure remainder of stage 2) stay/shift settlements that qualify Temporary services As determined by In TRA’s for and accommodation EHP settlements on 2 step path Part A: planning and Part A: R 43, 000/site New land for services Part B: R 110, 000/site settlements on move Part B: top structures path
PRONG 2: Develop serviced sites Key Activities 1. 2. Develop programme to identify land for where to develop (semi) serviced sites (or MLS projects) Obtain funds for and implement pilot projects
C: PRONG 3: Control unauthorised land occupation Key activities 1. 2. Implement existing land management strategy (start with establishing rapid response team) Review and update the land management strategy
Implementation coordination �The Human Settlements department (led by the upgrading of informal settlements unit) will take the lead in driving the upgrading of informal settlements programme within the Metro as a whole. �Each department will also designate an incremental settlement champion to drive and coordinate any upgrading activities within that department. �BCMM Upgrading Informal Settlement Policy and Strategy, p 51
Community management �Informal settlement committee x 32 �Informal settlement cluster committee (& engages with relevant ward committees) = 2 people per settlement �Round 1 informal settlement steering committee = people drawn from 6 clusters + municipal coordinating committee
Summary Top 10 priority next steps (a) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Spatial Planning & Development Directorate to apply to NUSP to train Councillors and officials on IS upgrading Spatial Planning & Development Directorate to report back to cluster committees Housing Directorate to either 1) use USDG, or 2) apply to accreditation grant from Province for funds for Informal Settlement Upgrading Manager Sector Depts apply for funds - as outlined in sections above (mainly from USDG) - to install basic services Housing Directorate to apply for UISP funds stage 1&2 for stay/shift & 2 -step settlements
Summary Top 10 priority next steps (b) Spatial Planning & Development Directorate (Land Admin) to identify and acquire land (using USDG funds) for 2 -step & move settlements 7. Housing Directorate to apply for CWP to conduct socio- economic survey of round 1 (and maybe other) informal settlements) and develop recognition of occupation strategy 8. Spatial Planning & Development Directorate to apply to NUSP to plan ‘Round 2’ settlements 9. Spatial Planning & Development Directorate to develop feasibility plans for MLS pilot projects [to address prong 2] 10. Housing Directorate to implement (and work to modify) land management strategy [to address prong 3] 6.
Summary of the Summary 1. Implement upgrading plans for round 1 informal settlements 2. Continue to plan for the upgrading of further round 2 informal settlements 3. Develop and allocate people to new planned (semi) serviced sites
Change the narrative Change the story we tell ourselves from: ‘government gives people a RDP house’ to a new story where : ‘government gives people a start and supports people to help themselves’ �Start = basic services and tenure recognition �Support = development support and upgrading
Thanks Craig Sam 043 7211850 craig@csamconsulting. co. za Ronald Eglin 043 7433830 ronald@afesis. org. za
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