Advanced Placement United States History Chapter 13 BaileyCohenKennedy

Advanced Placement United States History Chapter 13 Bailey/Cohen/Kennedy The American Pageant 1

• Federalist Party Dead • Democratic-Republicans • 1824 – 25% of Voters • 1840 – 78% of Voters • Whig Party • Democratic Party 2

Election of 1824 Democratic-Republicans: John Quincy Adams Henry Clay 3

Election of 1824 Democratic-Republicans: William H. Crawford Andrew Jackson 4

Election of 1824 Adams Jackson Clay Crawford Others 5

Election of 1824 Corrupt Bargain of 1825 John Quincy Adams Henry Clay 6

Election of 1824 Corrupt Bargain of 1825 • Crawford Dying from a Stroke • Secret Meeting Between Adams & Clay • Clay Becomes Secretary of State 7

Election of 1824 Henry Clay’s American System: • Strong National Bank • Protectionist Tariff • Federal Government Promotes Internal Improvements 8

Henry Clay’s American System: Connected by National Roads and Canals – the West Provides Food for East and South & Raw Materials to Factories of the North +++++ South Provides Cotton to Factories of the North +++++ North Provides Manufactured Goods Need by West and South 9

Adams Administration • Refused to Use the Spoils System • Strong Nationalist • Recommended Nat’l University, Nat’l Observatory, Fed. Funding of Internal improvements 10

Election of 1828 • Two National Parties – Whigs & Democrats • Andrew Jackson – Democrats • Martin Van Buren - Whigs 11

Adams Administration • Nation Moves Away from Nationalism to Sectionalism • Southerners Fear Powerful National Government • Westerners Hate Adams Land Policies 12

Election of 1828 Jackson Andrew Jackson (Jacksonian Democrats) John Q. Adams (National Republicans) 13

Jackson Administration • Spoils System • “Rotation in Office” • Samuel Swartwout 14

Jackson Administration • Tariff of Abominations • Tariff of 1828 • South Carolina Exposition • John C. Calhoun • South Carolina Nullification Convention 15

Jackson Administration • Gov. Robert Y. Hayne • Henry Clay • Tariff of 1832 • Force Bill Henry Clay 16

Jackson Administration • Indian Removal - Trail of Tears • Five Civilized Tribes • Black Hawk War - Seminole War 17

Indian Removal - Trail of Tears Five Civilized Tribes Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole 18

The Bank War Paper Currency Wildcat Banks 19

The Bank War Nicholas Biddle President of the Bank of the U. S. Daniel Webster U. S. Senator Whig Leader Bank Supporter 20

The Bank War Henry Clay U. S. Senator Whig Leader Bank Supporter 1832 – Bank Charter Renewal Jackson Veto 21

Election of 1832 1 st Election with 3 rd Party Anti-Masonic Party 1 st Election with Nat’l Nominating Conventions All Three Parties 1 st Election with Party Platforms Anti-Masonic and Nat’l Republicans 22

Election of 1832 Henry Clay – National Republicans Andrew Jackson - Clay Democrats Jackson 23

Election of 1832 Andrew Jackson Democrats Anti-Bank Stand Wins Support in the West, South, Middle States, and in New England 24

Election of 1832 Henry Clay National Republicans Pro-Bank Stand Heavy Support from the Bank of the U. S. and Newspaper Editors Bribed by Nicholas 25 Biddle

Election of 1832 Jackson Andrew Jackson (Jacksonian Democrats) Henry Clay (National Republicans) Anti-Masonic Others 26

Jackson Destroys Bank of the U. S. Jackson Withdraws Federal Funds from Bank of the United States 27

Bank is Destroyed Jackson Withdraws Federal Funds from Bank of the United States • Pet Banks • Wildcat Banks • Specie Circular • Panic of 1837 28

Election of 1836 Whigs Adopt Favorite Son Strategy Martin Van Buren – Democrats William H. Harrison - Whigs 29

Election of 1836 Van Buren (Democratic) Harrison (Whig) White (Whig) Webster (Whig) Mangum (Independent) 30

Van Buren Administration Problems: • Canadian Border • Texas Annexation • Anti-Slavery Controversy • Panic of 1837 31

Panic of 1837 Causes: *Land Speculation *Specie Circular *Failed European Banks 100 s of Wildcat Banks Fail Independent Treasury Bill of 1840 – Divorce Bill 32

Texas Revolution Stephen F. Austin Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna 33

Texas Revolution Battle of the Alamo Sam Houston Battle of San Jacinto 34

Election of 1840 Martin Van Buren – Democrats William H. Harrison – Whigs “The Farmer from North Bend” “Tippecanoe and Tyler , Too!” Van Buren Harrison 35

Election of 1840 Harrison William H. Harrison (Whig) Martin Van Buren (Democratic) 36

Two Party System Democrats: • States Rights supporters • Strict Construction of Constitution • People the Only Sovereign Power • Exalted the Individual 37

Two Party System Whigs: • Favored Powerful Nat’l Government – Social Harmony • Support National Bank & High Protectionist Tariffs • Internal Improvements, Public Schools • Reforms – Prohibition, Abolition 38

Two Party System Both Democrats & Whigs: • Depended upon Masses for Support – Common Man • Drew Support from all Sections of Nation – North, South, West • Promoted Idea of the Union or National Unity 39

Cited: Andrew Jackson http: //images. google. com/imgres? imgurl=http: //www. mdarchives. state. md. us/msa/spe ccol/sc 1500/sc 1545/e_catalog_2002_images/1545_1104. jpg&imgrefurl=http: //www. mdarchives. state. md. us/msa/speccol/sc 1500/sc 1545/e_catalog_2002/jackson. html&h =400&w=318&sz=20&tbnid=n 9 YXj. DWNR_EJ: &tbnh=119&tbnw=95&start=8&pre v=/images%3 Fq%3 DAndrew%2 BJackson%26 hl%3 Den%26 lr%3 D%26 ie%3 DUTF 8%26 sa%3 DN William H. Crawford http: //www. ustreas. gov/offices/management/curator/collection/secretary/images/craw ford. jpg Henry Clay http: //images. google. com/imgres? imgurl=http: //www. galafilm. com/1812/e/catalogues /people/clay. jpeg&imgrefurl=http: //www. galafilm. com/1812/e/catalogues/peop_clay. html&h=600&w=496&sz=26&tbnid=SGe. A 7 Ij 7 Ew. EJ: &tbnh=131&tbnw=109&start= 4&prev=/images%3 Fq%3 DHenry%2 BClay%26 hl%3 Den%26 lr%3 D%26 ie%3 DUTF 8%26 sa%3 DG John Q. Adams http: //lcweb 2. loc. gov/pnp/cph/3 c 10000/3 c 17100/3 c 17119 r. jpg Election of 1828 - http: //teachpol. tcnj. edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail 128. html Election of 1824 - http: //teachpol. tcnj. edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail 125. html 40

Cited: Andrew Jackson 3 http: //images. google. com/imgres? imgurl=http: //www. mdarchives. state. md. us/msa/speccol/sc 1500/s c 1545/e_catalog_2002_images/1545_1104. jpg&imgrefurl=http: //www. mdarchives. state. md. us/msa/ speccol/sc 1500/sc 1545/e_catalog_2002/jackson. html&h=400&w=318&sz=20&tbnid=n 9 YXj. DWN R_EJ: &tbnh=119&tbnw=95&start=8&prev=/images%3 Fq%3 DAndrew%2 BJackson%26 hl%3 Den %26 lr%3 D%26 ie%3 DUTF-8%26 sa%3 DN Van Buren http: //www. americanpresident. org/history/martinvanburen/biography/resources/images/Van. Buren. P ortrait. image. jpg John Q. Adams 3 - http: //lcweb 2. loc. gov/pnp/cph/3 c 10000/3 c 17100/3 c 17119 r. jpg William Henry Harrison 2 http: //www. ohiohistorycentral. org/ohc/history/h_indian/pictures/images/harrison. jpg Andrew Jackson 2 - http: //www. senate. gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00018. jpg Sequoyah 1 - www. nativeamericans. com/ Five. Civilized. Tribes. htm Nicolas Biddle - www. jersey. syd-fyn. dk/ Alderney-Breeders-usa. htm Daniel Webster - http: //www. senate. gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/38_00564. gif William Henry Harrison http: //www. americanpresident. org/history/williamhharrison/biography/resources/images/WHHPortr ait. image. jpg "The Trail of Tears" by Robert Lindneu http: //images. encarta. msn. com/xrefmedia/sharemed/targets/images/pho/t 029/T 029042 A. jpg Election of 1840 - http: //teachpol. tcnj. edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/00000092. htm Election of 1832 - http: //teachpol. tcnj. edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/0000008 a. htm Election of 1836 - http: //teachpol. tcnj. edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/0000008 f. htm 41

Cited: Bank of the U. S. - lincoln. lib. niu. edu/ 498 R/doc 1/Cartoons. html Trail of Tears - www. pbs. org/wgbh/ aia/part 4/4 narr 4. html Trail of Tears 2 - www. learner. org/ biographyofamerica/prog 08/maps John C. Calhoun - http: //www. senate. gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00009. jpg Andrew Jackson 1 http: //images. google. com/imgres? imgurl=http: //www. senate. gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic /xlarge/32_00018. jpg&imgrefurl=http: //www. blahedo. org/blog/archives/2003_07. html&h=739&w= 610&sz=303&tbnid=_e. V 7 s. XBk. La. MJ: &tbnh=138&tbnw=114&start=3&prev=/images%3 Fq%3 DA ndrew%2 BJackson%26 hl%3 Den%26 lr%3 D%26 ie%3 DUTF-8%26 sa%3 DN Andrew Jackson 2 - http: //www. senate. gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/32_00018. jpg Andrew Jackson 3 http: //images. google. com/imgres? imgurl=http: //www. mdarchives. state. md. us/msa/speccol/sc 1500/s c 1545/e_catalog_2002_images/1545_1104. jpg&imgrefurl=http: //www. mdarchives. state. md. us/msa/ speccol/sc 1500/sc 1545/e_catalog_2002/jackson. html&h=400&w=318&sz=20&tbnid=n 9 YXj. DWN R_EJ: &tbnh=119&tbnw=95&start=8&prev=/images%3 Fq%3 DAndrew%2 BJackson%26 hl%3 Den %26 lr%3 D%26 ie%3 DUTF-8%26 sa%3 DN Van Buren http: //www. americanpresident. org/history/martinvanburen/biography/resources/images/Van. Buren. P ortrait. image. jpg Henry Clay 3 - http: //odur. let. rug. nl/~usa/images/2003/Henry. Clay. jpg 42

Cited: Daniel Webster - http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Danielwebster 2. jpe Martin Van Buren http: //www. americanpresident. org/history/martinvanburen/biography/resources/images/Van. Buren. P ortrait. image. jpg William Henry Harrison http: //www. americanpresident. org/history/williamhharrison/biography/resources/images/WHHPortr ait. image. jpg 43