Advanced Mobile integrated Power System AMPS STO 061003

Advanced Mobile integrated Power System (AMPS) - STO 06/10/03 TACOM TARDEC JOHN MONROE 1

Purpose The purpose of the Advanced Mobile integrated Power System (AMPS) is to rapidly develop a configurable power system capable of supporting electrical power & power management requirements to integrate Vetronics, C 4 ISR, and embedded simulation capabilities into FCS platforms, including robotic Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV). The AMPS will capitalize on prior and parallel research investments 2

AMPS Collaboration Team Power • Smart battery tech • C. E. Niehoff Corp. GDLS CRADA Flexwire tech • Reusable SW API Smiths Aerospace CRADA CAN Power module NAC • Power generation tech • Fuel Cell Vetronics AMPS SBIR contractors • Power load analysis Working Group • SAE • MIT Vetronics Institute (VI) • Texas A & M U CHPS • 42 V for Hybrid Power systems 3

Advanced Mobile integrated Power System Multiple Voltage Architecture Smart Power Control & Management Flex bus Power Distribution Distributed Remote Switching Units Power Conversion Energy Storage Technologies Power Generation Technologies Early Development using Modeling and Simulation 4

Current Technology Barriers • Limited space and weight for electrical power and energy storage components • Emerging commercial 42 volt components need to be military rugged • Lead acid batteries do not have the energy density to support the vehicle mission • Present electrical systems are energy wasteful and are not controlled to support the vehicle mission 5

Solutions • Develop 42 volt ruggedized components and systems that are smaller and lighter compared to 28 volt systems • Advanced chemistry batteries and fuel cells • SMART Architecture / components to allow management of dynamic power and graceful degradation 6

System Benefits • • 34% cable weight reduction for load circuits carrying higher than 3 amps. 20 min @ 4 mph silent operation 80% increase in energy storage density (baseline: lead-acid) 2 X increase in battery life (baseline: 3 yrs leadacid ) 7

Warfighter Benefits • Provide silent movement, extending the perception of the dismount soldier • Increase reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition capabilities by facilitating state of the art electronics usage. • Decrease logistic burden and combat load due to increased battery life. 8

STO # IV. LG. 2003. 02 / Advanced Mobile integrated Power System Smart Power Architecture Mode of operation: Silent operation, emergency failure, training, etc. • Conversion (Power Modules), regulation, and load control • Power consumption • Prioritized & dynamic power allocation • DC power bus (28 V DC, 42 V DC) • AC power bus (120 V AC, Others) Electrical Power Generation System Power Control & Management • Combined Starter/Alternators • Smart Alternator • Fuel Cells Power Generation (can be multi-winding) Power Conditioning & Distribution Unit Remote switching & protection Electrical & Electronic Loads Other Power Bus 28 V Power Bus 42 V Power bus Electrical Energy Storage System • Smart Batteries • Ultracapacitor • Advanced Battery Chemistries Energy Storage Data lines Power lines 9

Electrical Power Generation • Tri-Voltage Alternator • ISA • Fuel Cells 10

Niehoff Tri-voltage Alternator • 42 Volt 300 Amperes • 28 Volt 200 Amperes • 14 Volt 100 Amperes 11

Hydrogenics MREF Multi-service Regenerative Electrolyser Fuel Cell • • • Power output 5 k. W peak, 3 k. W average Energy Storage 15 k. Wh Quiet -sound and IR 12

Energy Storage • Advanced Chemistry Batteries – NIMH – Li-ion – Pb. SO 4 • H 2 storage – Metal Hydride – High Pressure – Sodium Borohydride • Ultracapacitor 13

Power management & distribution • System optimization to achieve maximum energy efficiency, mission control, safety, and ease of maintenance • Smart Battery/Smart Alternator • Conversion (Power Modules), regulation, and load control • Prioritized & dynamic power allocation • Flexbus power distribution – DC power bus (42, 28, & 12 V DC) – AC power bus (120 V AC, Others) 14

Modeling and Simulation Rapidly evaluate alternate electrical power system design concepts • • Steady state average models (Matlab) Transient models (Matlab, Simplorer) Animated user-friendly with GUI’S DSPACE hardware-in-the-loop simulations (with Matlab/Simulink) 15

M&S Goals • Provide a highly accurate estimate of vehicle power consumption • Determine power required for various mission scenarios • Calculate silent watch durations for a given subset of vehicle equipment • Provide simulation capability to determine peak/average/low power consumption • Consider vehicle environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, shock, vibration, etc. ) on both the power generating equipment and energy storage devices • Consider automotive constraints (engine RPM, engine and/or APU fuel consumption, etc. ) • Analyze vehicle degraded modes of operation (e. g. what happens if APU fails? ) 16

AMPS Simulation Overview Block Diagram Mode (Normal, silent operation) I/O interface line for model I/O Interface – input GUI, displays etc. Generation • Alternator • Fuel cell etc. Smart interface/ CAN bus Power Management Conversion • DC/DC • Inverter, etc. Data bus Power bus 1 st version completed Storage • Battery • Ultra-capacitor • Flywheel Load • Motor • Lighting • Computers 17

Program Products • • Smart alternator, ISA, & smart battery components for 42 V architecture Lab & Platform (MULE UGV, potential FMTV, etc. ) demo. 42 V Power module and smart switching software. Develop architecture interfaces to integrate fuel cell, grounding guidelines for power distribution, and AMPS architecture modeling & simulation tool 18