Advanced Human Trafficking in the State of Texas

Advanced Human Trafficking in the State of Texas TCOLE Course #: 3271 Participant Handout Hosted By UNIT THREE Bexar County Constable’s Office PCT#4 Constable Robert M. Blount

LEARNING OBJECTIVES Learning Objective 3. 0: The participant will be able to define the elements of human trafficking. Learning Objective 3. 1: The participant will be able to list three methods of control in Human Trafficking. Learning Objective 3. 2: The participant will be able to identify three examples of force used against trafficking victims. Learning Objective 3. 3: The participant will be able to identify three examples of fraud used against Human Trafficking victims. Learning Objective 3. 4: The participant will be able to identify three examples of coercion used against Human Trafficking victims. 2 2

LEARNING OBJECTIVES Continued Learning Objective 3. 5: The participant will be able to list examples of bonded labor. Learning Objective 3. 6: The participant will be able to list examples of forced labor. Learning Objective 3. 7: The participant will be able to identify and list examples of Child Labor. 3

UNIT THREE ELEMENTS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING 4 4

3. 1 METHODS USED TO CONTROL VICTIMS ______, _______AND _______ Are methods used by traffickers to press victims into lives of servitude and abuse. 5

3. 2 Examples of FORCE used 1. ______ 5. _______ 2. ______ 6. _____ Addiction 3. ______ 4. ______ Assault 7. _______ 8. ______ or Tattooing 6

3. 3 Examples of FRAUD 1. False ______, i. e. marriages, employment 2. ________ enticing and affectionate behavior, “the boyfriend” 3. Withholding ______ 4. ________ working conditions 5. Misrepresenting the promise of a “_______” 7

3. 4 Traffickers control their victims by COERCION 1. Threats Of Serious _____ Or Restraint 2. ________/Humiliation 3. Emotional ______ 4. Control Of Daily Lives And _________ 8

3. 4 COERCION – Continued 5. _________ To Family Members 6. _________ Threats 7. Confiscation Of ________ 9

3. 4 Who are the VICTIMS? 4 The International Labor Organization estimated more than 2. 4 million people are victims of forced labor as a result of human trafficking. 1 4 More than half of whom are _____ and ________ 10

3. 4 Who are the VICTIMS? Continued 4 The cost to victims is estimated at $20. 9 billion per year 2 1 International Labor Organization, A Global Alliance Against Forced Labour, A Global Report under the Follow-up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and rights at Work 2005 2 The cost of coercion; REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL; Global Report under the follow-up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work; INTERNATIONAL LABOUR CONFERENCE; 98 th Session 2009 11

3. 4 TEXAS NUMBERS…. 4 Bureau of Justice Administration human trafficking task forces have reported (August 2010) 1. 456 Texas-based incidences or investigations 2. 133 arrests 3. 511 identified victims 4. Reports from January 1, 2007 – August 12, 2010 (Austin, Dallas, 12 Fort Worth, Houston and San Antonio

3. 4 TEXAS NUMBERS…Cont’d 4 Innocence Lost Task Forces in Texas reported the rescue of 109 minor victims in FY 2010 (October 2009 -August 2010) 4 The National Human Trafficking Resource Center Hotline indicates 12% of calls came from Texas in 2009 (highest % of calls) 13

3. 4 SEX TRAFFICKING DEFINED Commercial sex act induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or, sex act in which the person performing the act is under the age 18. 14

3. 4 SEX TRAFFICKING 4 Prostitution is the most common form of trafficking in the United States 4 May be working in: • ________ parlors • ________ • ______ clubs 15

3. 4 SEX TRAFFICKING Continued 4 May be working in: • _______ services • ______________ studios • ______________ 16

3. 4 DOMESTIC MINOR SEX TRAFFICKING VICTIM 4100, 000 to 300, 000 American children victimized through the practice of child prostitution every year (commercial sexual exploitation) 1 1 2 430% of shelter youth and 70% of street youth victimized through commercial sexual exploitation 2 17

3. 4 4 Organizations and agencies working with domestic minors involved in prostitution estimate that 70 -80% of the minors they serve are runaways with a history of childhood abuse and sexual abuse 3 1 Prostituted Children in the United States: Identifying and Responding to America’s Trafficked Youth, Serg. 1. Shared Hope International and Onanon Productions. DVD. Washington, D. C. : Shared Hope International 2 Estes, R. & Weiner, N. “Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in the U. S. , Canada, and Mexico. ” University of Pennsylvania, 2001 3 Heather J. Clawson, Nicole Dutch, Amy Solomon, and Lisa Goldblatt Grace , August 2009 18

3. 4 LABOR TRAFFICKING Using force, fraud, or coercion to 4______________, 4_______, 4 obtain, or ______ a person for labor or 19

3. 4 LABOR TRAFFICKING Continued Using force, fraud, or coercion to 4 services in involuntary ______________, 4_____bondage, or 4________. 20

3. 4 LABOR TRAFFICKING Labor trafficking may be separated into three distinct categories which are used to exploit victims of human trafficking. 21

3. 4 LABOR TRAFFICKING Continued 1. ________ Labor 2. ________ Labor 3. ________ Labor 22

3. 5 BONDED LABOR Victims become bonded labors when Labor is demanded as a means of repayment for a loan or service in which the terms and conditions have not been defined or in which the value of the victim’s services, as reasonably assessed, is not applied toward the liquidation of the debt. 23

3. 5 BONDED LABOR Victims become bonded labors when Continued The value of their work is greater than the original sum of money “borrowed. ” 24

3. 5 BONDED LABOR Continued 1. ______farm workers 2. ______ camps or 3. ______ 4. ________ servitude 25

3. 6 FORCED LABOR Victims are forced to work against their ______, under the threat of violence or some other form of punishment, their freedom is restricted and a degree of ownership is exerted. 26

3. 6 FORCED LABOR continued • ______ servitude • ______labor • ______ factory labor • ______ 27

3. 6 FORCED LABOR continued • ______ service • ______ sales (door to door) • ______some seen soliciting money from drivers on streets 28

3. 7 CHILD LABOR DEFINED: Work likely to be hazardous to the health and/or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development of ______ and can interfere with their education. 29

3. 7 Examples of Child Labor Continued The International Labor Organization estimates worldwide there are 215 million children between ____and ____ involved in child labor. Of those, more than 115 million are involved in the “unconditional worst forms of child labor” including: 30

3. 7 CHILD LABOR – Cont’d: • Debt Bondage • Forced recruitment for armed conflict • Commercial Sex trade prostitution and pornography • Domestic servitude AND much more……! • Illegal Drug trade • Illegal Arms trade 31

3. 7 WHERE VICTIMS ARE EXPLOITED 4 Restaurants 4 Cantinas/Bars 4 Nail salons 4 Massage parlors 4 Factories 4 Escort services 4 Private residences 4 Sexually oriented businesses 32

3. 7 MARKETING THE EXPLOITATION 4_____ * 4_____ 4 Personal ______ 4_____ bureaus 4_____ cards 4_____ Network sites 33

• Internet ads and pages are continually adapting. • Pressures from citizens, Attorney General’s and other organizations have forced some sites to close “____ Services” pages 34

• Traffickers continue to seek internet sites to cater to their _____. 35

WHO ARE THE VICTIMS? “The next prostitute, exotic dancer, illegal immigrant, runaway youth, domestic servant, or migrant worker you encounter or take into custody may be a victim of human trafficking. ” 36

Questions?

SOURCES All Course Sources and/or Resources are listed in your Participant Handout ADVANCED HUMAN TRAFFICKING TCOLE Course # 3271

FOR YOUR ATTENTION

TAKE A 15 -MINUTE BREAK