Advanced Gamma Tracking Array The Advanced Gamma Tracking
- Slides: 27
Advanced Gamma Tracking Array The Advanced Gamma Tracking Array http: //www. gsi. de/agata/ Andy Boston ajboston@liv. ac. uk
The Advanced Gamma Ray Tracking Array Advanced Gamma Tracking Array • Introduction: The AGATA project • Current status of AGATA – towards the “demonstrator” • Exploitation of AGATA – demonstrator and beyond Next generation γ-ray spectrometer based on gamma-ray tracking First “real” 4 germanium array no Compton suppression shields Versatile spectrometer with very high efficiency and excellent spectrum quality for radioactive and high intensity stable beams
Experimental conditions and challenges Advanced Gamma Tracking Array FAIR SPIRAL 2 REX-ISOLDE EURISOL ECOS • • • Low intensity High backgrounds Large Doppler broadening High counting rates High -ray multiplicities Need instrumentation High efficiency High sensitivity High throughput Ancillary detectors
AGATA (Advanced GAmma Tracking Array) 4 -array for Nuclear Physics Experiments at European accelerators providing radioactive and high-intensity stable beams Main features of AGATA Efficiency: 43% (M =1) 28% (M =30) today’s arrays ~10% (gain ~4) Peak/Total: 58% (M =1) today ~55% 5% (gain ~1000) 49% (M =30) 40% Advanced Gamma Tracking Array Angular Resolution: ~1º FWHM (1 Me. V, v/c=50%) ~ 6 ke. V !!! today ~40 ke. V Rates: 3 MHz (M =1) 300 k. Hz (M =30) today 1 MHz 20 k. Hz • 180 large volume 36 -fold segmented Ge crystals in 60 triple-clusters • Digital electronics and sophisticated Pulse Shape Analysis algorithms allow operation of Ge detectors in position sensitive mode -ray tracking
Ingredients of -Tracking 1 Highly segmented HPGe detectors · · 2 4 Identified interaction points (x, y, z, E, t)i Reconstruction of tracks e. g. by evaluation of permutations of interaction points Pulse Shape Analysis to decompose recorded waves 3 Digital electronics to record and process segment signals reconstructed -rays
AGATA array design Advanced Gamma Tracking Array 3 different asymmetric hexagonal shapes are used Completed array (6480 segments) with support structure Triple cluster modular units in a single cryostat The AGATA demonstrator: 5 triple clusters, 540 segments. 2 of completed array
Ingredients of -Tracking 1 Highly segmented HPGe detectors · · 2 4 Identified interaction points (x, y, z, E, t)i Reconstruction of tracks e. g. by evaluation of permutations of interaction points Pulse Shape Analysis to decompose recorded waves 3 Digital electronics to record and process segment signals reconstructed -rays
Advanced Gamma Tracking Array AGATA 1 st symmetric capsule Hexaconical Ge crystals 90 mm long 80 mm max diameter 36 segments Al encapsulation 0. 6 mm spacing 0. 8 mm thickness 37 vacuum feedthroughs
Triple Cluster Energies: Single vs Triple C 002 – FWHM [ke. V] B 002 – FWHM [ke. V] A 001 – FWHM [ke. V] Resolution 60 ke. V line Resolution 1. 33 Me. V line
Ingredients of -Tracking 1 Highly segmented HPGe detectors · · 2 4 Identified interaction points (x, y, z, E, t)i Reconstruction of tracks e. g. by evaluation of permutations of interaction points Pulse Shape Analysis to decompose recorded waves 3 Digital electronics to record and process segment signals reconstructed -rays
Advanced Gamma Tracking Array Segment level processing: energy, time Detector level processing: trigger, time, PSA Global level processing: event building, tracking, software trigger, data storage
AGATA Digitiser Module 36+1 channels, 100 Mh. Z, 14 bits (Strasbourg - Daresbury – Liverpool) • Mounted close to the Detector 5 -10 m • Power Dissipation around 400 W • Water Cooling required • Tested in Liverpool (December 2006) • Production in progress (for 18 modules) Prototype Segment Board (2 boards per crystal)
Ingredients of -Tracking 1 Highly segmented HPGe detectors · · 2 4 Identified interaction points (x, y, z, E, t)i Reconstruction of tracks e. g. by evaluation of permutations of interaction points Pulse Shape Analysis to decompose recorded waves 3 Digital electronics to record and process segment signals reconstructed -rays
Detector Characterisation and PSA Advanced Gamma Tracking Array • • Calibrate detector response function Comparison of real and calculated pulse shapes Coincidence scan for 3 D position determination Validate codes “How well your basis fits your real data”
AGATA PSD 8 Glasgow AGATA detector scanning
Azimuthal detector sensitivity r = 24 mm z = 7. 3 mm = 171. 9 o F 1 E 1 A 1 0 o D 1 B 1 Advanced Gamma Tracking Array C 1
Electric Field Simulations : MGS I Geometry II Potential Elec field III Drift velocities Advanced Gamma Tracking Array AGATA symmetric crystal simulation IV Weighting fields • Electric field simulations have been performed and detailed comparisons have been made with experimental pulse shape data.
Advanced Gamma Tracking Array Experiment vs Theory Performance
Status of the PSA 3 types of codes: • Whole crystal with multi-hits per segment – Genetic algo. (Padova, Munich) – Swarm algo. (Munich) – Adaptative grid search (Padova) – Matrix method (Orsay) Advanced Gamma Tracking Array • Single-hit in one segment – Binary search (Darmstadt) – Neural network (Munich, Orsay) • Determination of the number of hits – Recursive subtraction (Milan) – Matrix method (Orsay)
Pulse-Shape Analysis: current status Results from the analysis of an in-beam test with the first triple module, e. g. Doppler correction of gamma-rays using PSA results Advanced Gamma Tracking Array d(48 Ti, p)49 Ti, v/c ~6. 5% Results obtained with Grid Search PSA algorithm (R. Venturelli et al. ) Position resolution ~4. 4 mm
Ingredients of -Tracking 1 Highly segmented HPGe detectors · · 2 4 Identified interaction points (x, y, z, E, t)i Reconstruction of tracks e. g. by evaluation of permutations of interaction points Pulse Shape Analysis to decompose recorded waves 3 Digital electronics to record and process segment signals reconstructed -rays
The “Standard” Germanium Shell Advanced Gamma Tracking Array Idealized configuration to determine maximum attainable performance Ri = 15 cm Ro = 24 cm 230 kg of Ge M = 1 A high multiplicity event E = 1. 33 Me. V M = 30 eph = 65% P/T = 85% M = 30 eph = 36% P/T = 60% Assuming 5 mm Position Resolution 27 gammas detected -- 23 in photopeak 16 reconstructed -- 14 in photopeak
The First Step: The AGATA Demonstrator Objective of the final R&D 1 symmetric triple-cluster 5 asymmetric triple-clusters 36 -fold segmented crystals 540 segments 555 digital-channels Advanced Gamma Tracking Array Eff. 3 – 8 % @ M = 1 Eff. 2 – 4 % @ M = 30 Full ACQ with on line PSA and -ray tracking @INFN LNL
Commissioning Phases - Phase 0: commissioning with radioactive sources starting when detectors and electronics are available (even partially). - Phase 1: easy test with tandem beams with no ancillary detectors. Radiative capture or fusion-evaporation reactions with light targets in inverse kinematics. - Phase 2: test with a “simple” ancillary detector with limited number of parameters (DANTE). Coulomb excitation reactions with medium mass beams (A<100) in inverse kinematics. - Phase 3: test with PRISMA with multi-nucleon transfer reactions and at high multiplicity with appropriate ancillaries.
AGATA Demonstrator at PRISMA
The Advanced Gamma Tracking Array http: //www. gsi. de/agata/ Andy Boston ajboston@liv. ac. uk
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