Advance Higher Music Listening Concepts Advanced Higher Music

Advance Higher Music Listening Concepts Advanced Higher Music Listening 1

Concept Checklist Styles Melody/harmony Rhythm/tempo Texture/structure/ form Timbre N 5 Symphony Classical Aria Chorus Minimalist Gospel Pibroch Celtic rock Bothy ballad Waulking song Gaelic psalm Indian Atonal, cluster Chromatic Whole-tone scale Modulation Trill Melismatic Broken chord/arpeggio Syllabic, Chord progressions — I, IV, V and VI in a major key Imperfect/perfect cadences Inverted pedal Grace note Glissando Contrary motion Countermelody Descant (voice) Pitch bend Tone/semitone Rubato Cross rhythms Strophic Binary/AB Rondo/ABACA — episode Ritardando Alberti bass Moderato Ground bass Compound time : Homophonic 6 9 12 Polyphonic 8 8 8 Contrapuntal Coda Walking bass oboe, bassoon (French) horn, tuba Reverb A cappella Piccolo Viola Castanets, hi-hat cymbals, bongo drums Clarsach, bodhran Sitar, tabla Arco, pizzicato Con sordino Flutter-tonguing Rolls Mezzo-soprano, baritone N 3/N 4 Baroque Romantic Concerto Opera Jazz Musical Major/minor (tonality) Change of key Pedal Scale Pentatonic scale Discord Drone Chord progressions — chords I, IV and V (major keys) Octave Vamp Scat singing Ornament Ragtime Swing Scots ballad Mouth music Reggae African music Rapping Blues Rock Pop Rock ’n’ roll Scottish Latin American Ascending Descending Step (stepwise) Leap (leaping) Repetition Sequence Question and answer Improvisation Chord change Syncopation Scotch snap Strathspey Jig Simple time — 2 3 4 4 Compound time Anacrusis Andante Accelerando Rallentando A tempo Dotted rhythms Ternary/ABA Theme and variation Cadenza Imitation Unison/octave Harmony/chord Solo Accompanied/ unaccompanied Repetition Verse and chorus Middle 8 Accent/accented Ostinato/riff Beat/pulse Canon 2, 3 or 4 beats in Round the bar On the beat/off the beat Repetition Slower/faster Pause March Reel Waltz Drum fill Adagio Allegro Harpsichord Distortion Soprano, alto, tenor, bass Orchestra, strings, brass, woodwind and percussion electric guitar Piano, organ Choir Brass band, Wind band pan pipes, recorder Bass guitar Muted Backing vocals Accordion, fiddle, bagpipes Acoustic guitar, Drum kit Steel band Scottish dance band Folk group Voice Staccato, legato 2

Concept Checklist Styles Melody/harmony Rhythm/tempo Texture/structure /form Timbre Advanced Higher Renaissance Pavan Galliard Motet Ayre or air Ballett Madrigal Anthem Chorale Nationalist Appoggiatura Turn Hemiola Tritone Augmented triad Suspension Fugue Subject Answer Countersubject Stretto Antiphonal Chords I, IV, V and VI in major and minor keys Consort Countertenor Piano trio Sprechgesang Bridge Song cycle Chord II and its first inversion (major keys only) Leitmotif Neoclassical Serial Contemporary jazz Polytonality or Electronic dance music bitonality Tone row or note row (EDM) Inversion Retrograde Higher Plainchant Mode or modal Oratorio Mass Relative major Relative minor Recitative Interval Sonata Chamber music String quartet Lied Obbligato Acciaccatura Mordent Impressionist Musique concrète Jazz funk Soul music Plagal cadence Interrupted cadence Tierce de Picardie 3 against 2 Basso continuo Concerto grosso Time changes Ritornello Irregular time Passacaglia signatures Da capo aria Tremolando Triplets Ripieno Concertino Sonata form Exposition Augmentation Subject Diminution Harmonics String quartet Coloratura Through-composed Dominant 7 th Diminished triad Diminished 7 th Added 6 th Harmonic minor scale Melodic minor scale 3

1) Renaissance Period Styles Melody/harmony Rhythm/tempo Texture/structure /form Timbre Advanced Higher Renaissance Pavan Galliard Motet Ayre or air Ballett Madrigal Anthem Suspension Antiphonal Consort Countertenor Higher Plainchant Mass Mode or modal Melismatic(N 5) Through composed Strophic(N 5) Homophonic(N 5) Polyphonic(N 5) A capella(N 5) Notes: 2) Baroque Period Styles Melody/harmony Rhythm/tempo Texture/structure /form Timbre Advanced Higher Chorale Appoggiatura Turn Suspension Fugue Subject Answer Countersubject Stretto Countertenor Higher Oratorio Mass Recitative Aria(N 5) Chorus(N 5) Opera(N 4) Obbligato Acciaccatura Mordent Relative major Relative minor Interval Harmonic minor Melodic minor Basso continuo Concerto grosso Ritornello Passacaglia Da capo aria Ground Bass(N 5) Strophic(N 5) Homophonic(N 5 Polyphonic(N 5) Contrapuntal(N 5) Ripieno Concertino Notes: 4

3) Classical Period Styles Melody/harmony Rhythm/tempo Texture/structure /form Timbre Advanced Higher Turn Bridge Piano trio Suspension Augmented triad Higher Mass Sonata Recitative Chamber music String quartet Opera(N 4) Concerto(N 4) Symphony(N 5) Aria (N 5) Chorus (N 5) Dominant 7 th Diminished 7 th Triplets Sonata form Exposition Subject Alberti Bass(N 5) Rondo Form(N 5) Episode(N 5) Coda(N 5) Ternary Form(N 4) Theme & variation Form(N 4) Cadenza(N 4) String quartet Coloratura Harmonics Notes: 4) Romantic Period Styles Melody/harmony Rhythm/tempo Texture/structure /form Timbre Advanced Higher Nationalist Tritone Song cycle Leitmotif Higher Lied Opera(N 4) Concerto(N 4) Symphony(N 5) Diminished triad Added 6 th Tierce de Picardie Chromatic(N 5) 3 against 2 Through-composed Triplets Strophic(N 5) Augmentation Diminution Rubato(N 5) Tremolando Oboe(N 5 Bassoon(N 5) Horns(N 5) Tuba(N 5) Notes: 5

5) 20 th Century Period Styles Melody/harmony Rhythm/tempo Texture/structure /form Timbre Advanced Higher Neoclassical Serial Contemporary jazz Electronic dance music (EDM) Polytonality or Hemiola bitonality Tone row or note row Chords I, IV, V and VI Inversion Retrograde Sprechgesang Higher Impressionist Musique concrète Jazz funk Soul music Minimalist (N 5) Mode or modal Interrupted Cadence Plagal Cadence Added 6 th Atonal(N 5) Cluster, (N 5) Whole-tone scale(N 5) Pentatonic scale(N 4) Discord (N 4) Time changes Irregular time signatures Reverb (N 5) Distortion(N 4) Cross rhythms (N 5) Notes: 6